Unit 5: Development, Language, Intelligence

Question 1

What did Piaget research?

Answer 1

Piaget found that child’s brain is different from adults when it came to logical reasoning.

Question 2

Scaffolding

Answer 2

Support from teachers, mentors, etc, that helps children acquire skill and knowledge better

Question 3

Cognition

Answer 3

The mental processes for thinking, communicating, understanding, and remembering

Question 4

Thinking

Answer 4

Using our mind to anylize the world around us

Question 5

What was George Millers idea?

Answer 5

That our brain functions like a computer

Question 6

What were the problems with George Miller’s idea?

Answer 6

-We process multiple things at once
-We process much more
-We have feelings and experiences

Question 7

Selective Attention

Answer 7

When we focus on specific information and ignore everything else around us.

Question 8

Cognitive processes for understanding

Answer 8

Attention, Thought, Perception, Memory, and Language

Question 9

Algorithms

Answer 9

Step by step decision making process. Long and tedious.

Question 10

Heuristics

Answer 10

Informed guesses that lead to quick, efficient decision making.

Question 11

Intuition

Answer 11

Unconscionably knowing right choice suddenly.

Question 12

Conformation Bias

Answer 12

Drawn to familiar ideas, and ignoring new, important ideas.

Question 13

Fixation

Answer 13

Fixed on a certain perspective

Question 14

Mental Set

Answer 14

Using previously successful patterns and ignoring possible better, new ones.

Question 15

Overconfidence

Answer 15

Overestimating the accuracy of our own info.

Question 16

Belief perseverance

Answer 16

Attached to beliefs and won’t let them go.

Question 17

Group think

Answer 17

When a decision is made on social pressure, not evaluation.

Question 18

How do you make good decisions?

Answer 18

By weighing pros and cons, be willing to learn, explore the possibilities, and thinking independently.

Question 19

Behaviorist’s Theory

Answer 19

Use language when positively reinforced after trying to speak.

Question 19

Nativist’s Theory

Answer 19

Believes language acquisition device is present at birth.

Question 20

Learning Theory

Answer 20

Language is learned through interaction with environment/ human interaction

Question 21

Synaptic Pruning

Answer 21

Brain severing unused neural connections

Question 22

Broca’s Area

Answer 22

Left frontal lobe essential for speaking.

Question 23

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 23

Left temporal lobe essential for hearing and understanding.

Question 24

Uses of language

Answer 24

Express ourselves, play, release feelings/emotions, think, learn, and be creative.

Question 25

Phonemes

Answer 25

Individual sounds that make a word (d, o, g)

Question 26

Morphemes

Answer 26

Smallest part of speech that has meaning.

Question 27

Grammar

Answer 27

Set of rules that allow to communicate in same language.

Question 28

Linguistic Determinism

Answer 28

Idea that language defined the way we think.

Question 29

Linguistic Relativism

Answer 29

Idea that language influences our thinking.

Question 30

Intelligence

Answer 30

Ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new experiences

Question 31

Gardner’s 8 types of intelligence’s

Answer 31

Linguistic, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalistic

Question 32

Define each of Gardner’s Intelligence’s

Answer 32

Linguistic: Words smart

Logical: Math smart, analyzing

Spatial: Visual smart, create beautiful things

Bodily-Kinesthetic: Body smart, move body to achieve physical feats.

Musical: uisc smart, use sound and tones to make music.

Interpersonal: People smart, understands others

Intrapersonal: Self smart, understand inner self

Naturalistic: nature smart, understand/connect with nature

Question 32

Savant

Answer 32

person unusually skill in a certain area

Question 33

Eugenics

Answer 33

finding certain traits and reproducing to create “improved” person

Question 33

Intelligent Testing Types

Answer 33

Achievement, Aptitude, Intelligence Quotient (IQ)