Unit 8: Clinical Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

the “4 D’s” used to diagnosis a disorder

A

deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger

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2
Q

deviance

A

against the social norm

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3
Q

distress

A

causes a disruption to the person’s life

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4
Q

dysfunction

A

causes disruption to other’s life; doesn’t mean that others can’t function when the person is near, it just means that it is noticeable to others

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5
Q

danger

A

causes harm to self or others; just self harm or attacks on others, can also be elevated heart rate that can lead to heart attack

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6
Q

DSM V

A

book that contains symptoms of everything considered a psychological disorder, updated in 2013

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7
Q

neurotic disorder

A

a disorder that is distressing, but one can still function in society and act rationally with it

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8
Q

psychotic disorder

A

a disorder where one loses contact with reality and experiences distorted perceptions

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9
Q

Phillippe Pinel

A

pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 18th century Europe

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10
Q

Dorthea Dix

A

pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 19th century US

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11
Q

positive symptoms

A

presence of inappropriate symptoms

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12
Q

negative symptoms

A

absence of appropriate symptoms

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13
Q

delusional disorder

A

a disorder with at least one month of delusions, but no other psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations (paranoia may be present

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14
Q

schizophrenia

A

a disorder with 6+ months of delusion, 1 month of active phase symptoms, experiences of delusions and hallucinations and major symptoms of paranoia; often diagnosed between 14-18 years of age

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15
Q

delusions

A

thoughts of experiences that have not occurred (can be both bizarre and not)

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16
Q

hallucinations

A

sensory experiences with no sensory stimulation

17
Q

delusions of persecution

A

the idea that “smone is out to get me”

18
Q

delusions of grander

A

believing that ability is greater than it is in reality

19
Q

PTSD

A

a trauma disorder characterized by causing the victim to relive the traumatic event over and over again; symptoms include flashbacks (key), social withdraw, anxiety, insomnia, lack of emotions

20
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

trauma causing and inability to remember personal information, can be coupled with fugue (fleeing) which can lead to homelessness; amnesia can be both retroactive and proactive and depends on the person

21
Q

dissociative identity disorder

A

a presence of 2+ distinct personality traits due to trauma (primarily child abuse) where the host (original personality) doesn’t remember the trauma but the other personality(s) do; personality can be stuck at age when the trauma occurred, and a personality switch can vary in time from minutes to years; personalities have rolls (jobs) they must fulfill which often help the host, however there are highly self-destructive ones, smtimes based off the traumatizer

22
Q

causes of trauma disorders (somatoform and dissociative)

A

chemical imbalance, cognitive factors, lack of support, personal limitations, environmental stressors (the trauma itself)

23
Q

somatoform disorder

A

a mental health condition that causes an individual to experience physical bodily symptoms in response to psychological distress; includes conversion disorder, illness anxiety disorder, factitious disorder

24
Q

conversion disorder

A

experiencing physical manifestations of psychological trauma; ex hysterical pregnancy, spontaneously becoming deaf of blind

25
illness anxiety disorder
preoccupation with illness (believing that smthing is wrong or that the person is sick but nobody can tell)
26
factious disorder
production of physical problems for the purpose of receiving medical attention; can create problems for self or others