Unit 8: Clinical Psychology Flashcards
the “4 D’s” used to diagnosis a disorder
deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger
deviance
against the social norm
distress
causes a disruption to the person’s life
dysfunction
causes disruption to other’s life; doesn’t mean that others can’t function when the person is near, it just means that it is noticeable to others
danger
causes harm to self or others; just self harm or attacks on others, can also be elevated heart rate that can lead to heart attack
DSM V
book that contains symptoms of everything considered a psychological disorder, updated in 2013
neurotic disorder
a disorder that is distressing, but one can still function in society and act rationally with it
psychotic disorder
a disorder where one loses contact with reality and experiences distorted perceptions
Phillippe Pinel
pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 18th century Europe
Dorthea Dix
pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 19th century US
positive symptoms
presence of inappropriate symptoms
negative symptoms
absence of appropriate symptoms
delusional disorder
a disorder with at least one month of delusions, but no other psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations (paranoia may be present
schizophrenia
a disorder with 6+ months of delusion, 1 month of active phase symptoms, experiences of delusions and hallucinations and major symptoms of paranoia; often diagnosed between 14-18 years of age
delusions
thoughts of experiences that have not occurred (can be both bizarre and not)
hallucinations
sensory experiences with no sensory stimulation
delusions of persecution
the idea that “smone is out to get me”
delusions of grander
believing that ability is greater than it is in reality
PTSD
a trauma disorder characterized by causing the victim to relive the traumatic event over and over again; symptoms include flashbacks (key), social withdraw, anxiety, insomnia, lack of emotions
dissociative amnesia
trauma causing and inability to remember personal information, can be coupled with fugue (fleeing) which can lead to homelessness; amnesia can be both retroactive and proactive and depends on the person
dissociative identity disorder
a presence of 2+ distinct personality traits due to trauma (primarily child abuse) where the host (original personality) doesn’t remember the trauma but the other personality(s) do; personality can be stuck at age when the trauma occurred, and a personality switch can vary in time from minutes to years; personalities have rolls (jobs) they must fulfill which often help the host, however there are highly self-destructive ones, smtimes based off the traumatizer
causes of trauma disorders (somatoform and dissociative)
chemical imbalance, cognitive factors, lack of support, personal limitations, environmental stressors (the trauma itself)
somatoform disorder
a mental health condition that causes an individual to experience physical bodily symptoms in response to psychological distress; includes conversion disorder, illness anxiety disorder, factitious disorder
conversion disorder
experiencing physical manifestations of psychological trauma; ex hysterical pregnancy, spontaneously becoming deaf of blind
illness anxiety disorder
preoccupation with illness (believing that smthing is wrong or that the person is sick but nobody can tell)
factious disorder
production of physical problems for the purpose of receiving medical attention; can create problems for self or others
