Unit 8: Clinical Psychology

Question 1

the “4 D’s” used to diagnosis a disorder

Answer 1

deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger

Question 2

deviance

Answer 2

against the social norm

Question 3

distress

Answer 3

causes a disruption to the person’s life

Question 4

dysfunction

Answer 4

causes disruption to other’s life; doesn’t mean that others can’t function when the person is near, it just means that it is noticeable to others

Question 5

danger

Answer 5

causes harm to self or others; just self harm or attacks on others, can also be elevated heart rate that can lead to heart attack

Question 6

DSM V

Answer 6

book that contains symptoms of everything considered a psychological disorder, updated in 2013

Question 7

neurotic disorder

Answer 7

a disorder that is distressing, but one can still function in society and act rationally with it

Question 8

psychotic disorder

Answer 8

a disorder where one loses contact with reality and experiences distorted perceptions

Question 9

Phillippe Pinel

Answer 9

pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 18th century Europe

Question 10

Dorthea Dix

Answer 10

pioneer in psychological patient treatment; 19th century US

Question 11

positive symptoms

Answer 11

presence of inappropriate symptoms

Question 12

negative symptoms

Answer 12

absence of appropriate symptoms

Question 13

delusional disorder

Answer 13

a disorder with at least one month of delusions, but no other psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations (paranoia may be present

Question 14

schizophrenia

Answer 14

a disorder with 6+ months of delusion, 1 month of active phase symptoms, experiences of delusions and hallucinations and major symptoms of paranoia; often diagnosed between 14-18 years of age

Question 15

delusions

Answer 15

thoughts of experiences that have not occurred (can be both bizarre and not)

Question 16

hallucinations

Answer 16

sensory experiences with no sensory stimulation

Question 17

delusions of persecution

Answer 17

the idea that “smone is out to get me”

Question 18

delusions of grander

Answer 18

believing that ability is greater than it is in reality

Question 19

PTSD

Answer 19

a trauma disorder characterized by causing the victim to relive the traumatic event over and over again; symptoms include flashbacks (key), social withdraw, anxiety, insomnia, lack of emotions

Question 20

dissociative amnesia

Answer 20

trauma causing and inability to remember personal information, can be coupled with fugue (fleeing) which can lead to homelessness; amnesia can be both retroactive and proactive and depends on the person

Question 21

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 21

a presence of 2+ distinct personality traits due to trauma (primarily child abuse) where the host (original personality) doesn’t remember the trauma but the other personality(s) do; personality can be stuck at age when the trauma occurred, and a personality switch can vary in time from minutes to years; personalities have rolls (jobs) they must fulfill which often help the host, however there are highly self-destructive ones, smtimes based off the traumatizer

Question 22

causes of trauma disorders (somatoform and dissociative)

Answer 22

chemical imbalance, cognitive factors, lack of support, personal limitations, environmental stressors (the trauma itself)

Question 23

somatoform disorder

Answer 23

a mental health condition that causes an individual to experience physical bodily symptoms in response to psychological distress; includes conversion disorder, illness anxiety disorder, factitious disorder

Question 24

conversion disorder

Answer 24

experiencing physical manifestations of psychological trauma; ex hysterical pregnancy, spontaneously becoming deaf of blind

Question 25

illness anxiety disorder

Answer 25

preoccupation with illness (believing that smthing is wrong or that the person is sick but nobody can tell)

Question 26

factious disorder

Answer 26

production of physical problems for the purpose of receiving medical attention; can create problems for self or others