Unit 8 Bio Test Flashcards

0
Q

Hydrangea plants of the same genotype are planted in a large flower garden. Some of the plants produce blue flowers and others pink flowers. What is the explanation behind this?

A

environmental factors such as soil pH levels

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1
Q

Which of the following is an example of polygenetic inheritance?
A) pink flowers in snapdragons
B) skin pigmentation in humans
C) the ABO blood groups in humans
D) Huntington’s disease in humans
E) white and purple flower color in pease

A

B) skin pigmentation in humans

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2
Q

When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive for a single trait with a heterozygote, what is the chance of producing an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?

A

50%

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3
Q

Two plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 3:1 ratio for a particular trait. This suggests ______________.

A

that the parents were both heterozygous

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4
Q
A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H) and one for tail length (T). It's genotype is HhTt. Which is a possible genotype in a gamete from this organism? 
A) tt 
B) HhTt
C) HT 
D) Hh
E) T
A

C) HT

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5
Q

A woman has six sons, what is the chance that her next child will be a girl?

A

1/2 (50%)

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6
Q

A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. What is a possible genotype for the mother?

A

IAi

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7
Q

What described the ABO blood group system?

A

multiple alleles

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8
Q

A pedigree analysis of a given disorder’s occurrence in a family shows that, although both parents of an affected child are normal, each of the parents has had affected relatives with the same condition. That makes this disorder __________.

A

recessive

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9
Q

Two characteristics that appear in a 9:3:3:1 ratio in the F2 generation should have what property?

A

the genes controlling the characters obey the law of independent assortment

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10
Q

Mendel accounted for the observation than traits which had disappeared in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2 generation by proposing that ________________.

A

traits can be dominant or recessive, and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F1 generation

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11
Q

Two true-breeding stocks of pea plants are crossed. One parent has red, axial flowers and the other has white, terminal flowers; all F1 individuals have red, axial flowers. The genes for flower color and location assert independently. 1,000 F2 offspring resulted from the cross, approximately how many then would have red, terminal flowers?

A

190

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12
Q

Black fur in mice (B) is dominant to brown fur (b). Short tails (T) are dominant to long talks (t). What fraction of the progeny of the cross BbTt x BBtt will have black fur and long tails?

A

1/2 (50%)

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13
Q
In cattle, roan coat color (mixed red and white hairs) occurs in the heterozygous (Rr) offspring of red (RR) and white (rr) homozygotes. Which of the following crosses would produce offspring in the ratio of 1 red: 2 roan: 1 white? 
A) roan x roan 
B) white x roan 
C) cannot be determined 
D) red x roan 
E) red x white
A

A) roan x roan

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14
Q

______________: having two different alleles for a gene

A

heterozygous

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15
Q

______________: an organism’s appearance or observable traits

A

phenotype

16
Q

________________: the genetic makeup of an individual

A

genotype

17
Q

___________: a variant for a character

A

trait

18
Q

____________: an alternative version of a gene

A

allele

19
Q

_______________: a heritable feature that varies among individuals

A

character

20
Q

_____________: has no effect on phenotype in a heterozygote

A

recessive allele

21
Q

___________: a heritable unit that determines a character and can exist in different forms

A

gene

22
Q

________________: a cross between individuals heterozygous for a single character

A

monohybrid cross

23
Q

_____________: determines phenotype in a heterozygote

A

dominant allele

24
Q

____________: having two identical alleles for a gene

A

homozygous

25
Q

___________: a cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual

A

testcross

26
Q

A man with hemophilia has a daughter of normal phenotype. She marries a man who is normal for the trait. What are the chances (percentage) a son will be a hemophiliac?

A

50%

27
Q

A man with hemophilia has a daughter of normal phenotype. She marries a man who is normal for the trait. What is the probability (percentage) a daughter will be a hemophiliac?

A

0%

28
Q

A tall, curly haired Hoo married a Hoo who was short with curly & spiked hair. What are the chances (percentage) they will have a curly & spiked, medium baby Hoo?

A

50%

29
Q

Peter Smith has blood type B. Leslie Smith has blood type O. They have two children of their own and one adopted child. Meg has blood type AB, Dave has blood type O, and Haley has blood type B. Which child is adopted? What is the adopted child’s genotype? What are the genotypes of the parents?

A

1) meg
2) IaIb
3) ii
4) Ibi