Unit 8 Flashcards
Traditional Views of Language
Focus on the structure of language
Skinnerian View of Language
Focus on the function of language
Verbal behavior
Operant behavior reinforced through the mediation of other persons
Forms of Verbal Behavior
Speaking Signing Pointing Writing Gesturing Touching
Speaker
The individual emitting the verbal response
Listener
The individual the speaker interacts with
Role of the Listener
Usually provides the antecedents and consequences for the speaker’s verbal behavior
Audience
Composed of listeners who belong to a trained verbal community
Cultural Selection
The type of selection involved in the evolution of verbal behavior
Elementary Verbal Operants
Tact Mand Duplic Codic Intraverbal
Tact
Naming, labeling, describingUnder the antecedent control of a non-verbal stimulus
Mand
Requesting, asking, commandingUnder the antecedent control ofan establishing operation (EO)
Duplic
Under the antecedent control of verbal stimuliwith point-to-point correspondence andwith formal similarity to the response
Types of Duplics
Echoics
Copying a text
Mimetics
Echoic
The repeating of a vocal verbal unit( Repeating, Vocal imitation)
Copying a Text
Has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity to the written verbal stimulus
Mimetic
The imitation of a physical movement that is also a non-vocal verbal unit (Motor Imitation)
Codic
Under the antecedent control of verbal stimuliwith point-to-point correspondencebut withoutformal similarity
Types of Codics
Textual
Taking dictation
Finger spelling words heard
Saying words seen finger spelled
Intraverbal
Under the antecedent control of verbal stimuli without point-to-point correspondence and with no formal similarity
Multiple Control
When the strength of a single response is a function of more than one variable
Receptive Language
Under the antecedent control of a mand to comply
Selection-based Verbal Behavior
The speaker selects a stimulus in the environment by pointing or finding a picture and handing it to the listener
Topography-based Verbal Behavior
The listener discriminates what the speaker is “saying” based on thetopography of the verbal behavior
Higher-order class
An operant class that includes within it other classes that can themselves function as operants
Rule-Governed Behavior
A higher-orderoperant response class thatis under the control of verbal antecedent stimuli(known as rules)
Function-Altering Effects of Rules
Alter the evocative or abative effect of other antecedent stimuli
Contingency-Shaped Behavior
Behavior acquired via immediate reinforcement contingencies
