Chapter 1

Question 1

Behavior Analysis

Answer 1

A natural science that studies functional relations between behavior and environmental events

Question 2

Science and Technology

Answer 2

Two different areas of focus in behavior analysis

Question 3

Behavior

Answer 3

Behavior is everything that an organism does.

The interaction of the muscles, glands, or other parts of a live organism with the environment

Question 4

6 Critical Attributes of Behavior

Answer 4

Behavior is a biological phenomenon, involves movement, can only be done by a living organism, observable, measurable, involves interaction with the environment.

Question 5

Behavior is a biological phenomenon

Answer 5

Only biological organisms engage in behavior, behavior has a biological and evolutionary basis

Question 6

Behavior involves movement

Answer 6

Movement of muscles, glands and other body parts`

Question 7

Behavior is only done by a living organism

Answer 7

A single individual (a person, a pigeon)

Question 8

Behavior is observable

Answer 8

At a minimum, the individual doing the behaving can detect its occurrence.

Question 9

Behavior is measurable

Answer 9

Can be counted, timed or other dimensional quantities can be measured

Question 10

Behavior involves interaction with the environment

Answer 10

The environment affects behavior and behavior affects the environment

Question 11

The “What am I doing?” test and The “Dead Person’s” test

Answer 11

Two tests to determine whether a phenomenon is behavior

Question 12

The “What am I doing?” test

Answer 12

Must be a specific action that is measurable (usually countable)

Question 13

The “Dead Person’s” test

Answer 13

If a dead person can “do” it, it is NOT behavior

Question 14

Public behavior

Answer 14

Behavior that can be observed by others, even if special instrumentation is required

Question 15

Private behavior

Answer 15

Behavior that is only accessible to the organism who is engaging in the private event and cannot be observed by others

Question 16

Private events

Answer 16

A broader term for private behavior that includes private behavior and private environmental events

Question 17

Response

Answer 17

A specific instance of behavior

Question 18

Response cycle

Answer 18

The beginning, middle, and end of a response

Question 19

Behavior is a collective term

Answer 19

Behavior refers to more than one occurrence of a specific behavior (multiple responses)

Question 20

Property

Answer 20

A fundamental quality of a natural phenomenon

Question 21

Fundamental properties of behavior

Answer 21

Temporal Locus
Temporal Extent
Repeatability

Question 22

Temporal Locus

Answer 22

A single response occurs in time; associated with latency

Question 23

Temporal Extent

Answer 23

A response occupies time; associated with duration

Question 24

Repeatability

Answer 24

A response can reoccur; associated with countability

Question 25

Dimensional quantities

Answer 25

A quantifiable aspect of a property

Question 26

Latency

Answer 26

The amount of time between a stimulus and a response; associated with temporal locus

Question 27

Duration

Answer 27

The amount of time between the beginning and the end of the response cycle; associated with temporal extent

Question 28

Countability

Answer 28

The number of responses or number of cycles of the response class; associated with repeatability

Question 29

IRT (Interresponse Time)

Answer 29

The time between two successive responses; associated with repeatability and temporal locus

Question 30

Rate

Answer 30

The ratio of the number of responses over some period of time; associated with repeatability and temporal locus

Question 31

Celeration

Answer 31

Change in one of the other dimensional quantities of behavior over time; associated with repeatability and temporal locus

Question 32

Topography

Answer 32

Configuration, form, or shape of a response

Question 33

Function

Answer 33

The effects or results of a response on the environment

Question 34

Magnitude and Intensity

Answer 34

Topographical properties of a response class used to define behavior

Question 35

Response class

Answer 35

A grouping of individual actions or responses that share those commonalities included in the class definition

Question 36

Topographical Response Class

Answer 36

A collection of two or more responses that share a common form

Question 37

Functional Response Class

Answer 37

A collection of two or more topographically different responses that all have the same effect on the environment, usually producing a specific class of reinforcers

Question 38

Environment

Answer 38

The total constellation of stimuli and conditions that can affect behavior

Question 39

Environmental context

Answer 39

The set of circumstances in which behavior occurs at any given time

Question 40

Stimulus

Answer 40

A change in the environment, which can affect behavior

Question 41

Type of Human Receptors

Answer 41

Vision, hearing, smell, taste, cutaneous sense, organic sense, kinesthesis, vestibular sense

Question 42

Antecedents and Consequences

Answer 42

Two general types of stimuli that are defined by their temporal relation to responses

Question 43

Antecedent

Answer 43

A stimulus that precedes (occurs before) a response

Question 44

Consequence

Answer 44

A stimulus that follows (occurs after) a response

Question 45

Stimulus class

Answer 45

A group of stimuli that share a certain characteristic (along formal, temporal, and/or functional dimensions)

Question 46

Functional relation

Answer 46

Changes in an antecedent or consequent stimulus class consistently alter a dimension of a response class

Question 47

4 Critical attributes of functional relations

Answer 47

Orderly relations between stimulus and response classes
, changes in one variable (IV) result in changes in the second variable (DV),
value of the behavioral dimensions (DV) changes in an orderly fashion,
functional relations demonstrated through systematic manipulations