Unit 5 Flashcards
2 Variable attributes of antecedents
Can be either outside or within the skin of the organism, can be social or non-social
2 Basic types of antecedents
Discriminative Stimuli (SD) and Motivating Operations (MOs)
Unconditioned motivating operation
A motivating operation whose value-altering effect does notdepend on a learning history
Conditionedmotivating operation
A motivating operation whose value-altering effect depends on a learning history
2 Types of effects antecedents have on behavior
Evocative (evoke behavior) or Abative (abate behavior)
Operant conditioning
The basic process by which operant learning occurs
Evocative Effect
An increase in the momentary frequency of a response class now, under the current conditions
Abative Effect
A decrease in the momentary frequency of a response class now, under the current conditions
Differential reinforcement
Reinforcing only those responses within a response class that meet a specific criterion along some dimension(s) and placing all other responses in the class on extinction
Differentiation
When differential reinforcement consists of reinforcing some responses and not reinforcing other responses
Discrimination
When differential reinforcement consists of reinforcing aresponse when certain stimuli are present and not reinforcing the same response when those stimuli are not present.
Stimulus Control(Discriminative Control)
The tendency of behavior to occur more frequently in the presence of a particular stimulus because the behavior has been reinforced only or mostly in the presence of that stimulus
Discriminated Operant
An operant class that is established through the process of differential reinforcement with respect to the presence or absence of antecedent stimuli
Discriminative stimulus (SD)
An antecedent stimulus thatevokes or abates a specific behavior, due to a past history of differential availability of reinforcement or punishment for that behavior, dependent on their presence versus their absence
4 Basic types of Discriminative Stimuli
SD for reinforcement
SD for extinction
SD for punishment
SD for withholding punishment
SD for SR
Discriminative stimulus for reinforcement; Evokes behavior because in the past that behavior has been reinforced in its presence.
SΔ for SR(circle with a cross)
Discriminative stimulus for extinction; Abates behavior because in the past that behavior has NOT been reinforced in its presence.
SDP for SP
Discriminative stimulus for punishment; Abates behavior because in the past that behavior has been punished in its presence.
SΔP for SP(circle with a cross)
Discriminative stimulus for withholding punishment; Evokes behavior because in the past that behavior has NOT been punished in its presence.
SDR+
Discriminative Stimulus for Positive Reinforcement
SDR-
Discriminative Stimulus for Negative Reinforcement
SΔR+
Discriminative Stimulus for extinction of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement
SΔR-
Discriminative Stimulus for extinction of behavior maintained by negative reinforcement
SDP+
Discriminative Stimulus for Positive Punishment
SDP-
Discriminative Stimulus for Negative Punishment
SΔP+
Discriminative Stimulus for Unavailability of Positive Punishment
SΔP-
Discriminative Stimulus for Unavailability of Negative Punishment
Conditional Discrimination
A discrimination in which reinforcing a response is contingent (conditional) on another stimulus.
Stimulus Generalization
The tendency of a learned response to occur in the presence of stimuli which were not present during training buteither have some similar physical properties to the SDor have been associated with the SD
