Unit 8 Flashcards
(20 cards)
motivation
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
instinct
a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species.
drive-reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state ( a drive ) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.
homeostasis
balance
incentives
positive or negative stimuli that lure or repel us
Yerkes-Dodson law
the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases.
hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s pyramid of human needs.
glucose
the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. when its level is low, we feel hunger.
set point
individual’s “weight thermostat”
basal metabolic rate
the body’s resting rate of energy expenditure
sexual response cycle
the four stages of sexual responding described by Master and Johnson - excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
refractory period
a resting period after orgasm man can’t do another orgasm
sexual dysfunction
a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
estrogens
female hormones
testoserone
most important of male sex hormone
emotions
a response of the whole organism, involving
1. physiological arousal,
2. expressive behaviors, and
3. conscious experience
James-Lange Theory
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
Cannon-Bard Theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers
1. physiological responses and
2.the subjective experience of emotion
two-factor theory
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must 1. be physically arounds and 2. cognitively label the arousal
