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AP Psychology > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

consciousness

A

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

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2
Q

hypnosis

A

a social interaction in which one person responds to another person’s suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

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3
Q

posthypnotic suggestion

A

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.

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4
Q

dissociation

A

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.

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5
Q

circadian rhythm

A

the biological clock; regular bodily rythms

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6
Q

REM sleep

A

rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. muscles relaxes other body systems active

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7
Q

alpha waves

A

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

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8
Q

sleep

A

periodic, natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

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9
Q

hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus.

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10
Q

delta waves

A

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

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11
Q

NREM Sleep

A

non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM Sleep.

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12
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light, the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness.

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13
Q

insomnia

A

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

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14
Q

narcolepsy

A

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

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15
Q

sleep apnea

A

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

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16
Q

night terrors

A

a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 Sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered.

17
Q

Dream

A

a sequence of images emotions and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind.

18
Q

manifest content

A

according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream

19
Q

latent content

A

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream

20
Q

REM Rebound

A

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM Sleep Deprivation

21
Q

substance use disorder

A

continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

22
Q

psychoactive drug

A

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

23
Q

tolerance

A

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect.

24
Q

addiction

A

compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences.

25
Q

withdrawal

A

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior.

26
Q

Depressants

A

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

27
Q

alcohol use disorder

A

alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use

28
Q

barbiturates

A

drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

29
Q

opiates

A

opium and its derivaties, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.

30
Q

stimulants

A

drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

31
Q

Amphetamines

A

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes.

32
Q

nicotine

A

a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco.

33
Q

Ecstasy

A

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition.

34
Q

hallucinogens

A

psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.

35
Q

LSD

A

a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid

36
Q

near-death experience

A

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death

37
Q

THC

A

the major active ingredient in marijuana

AP Psychology (8 decks)

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