Unit 7b

Question 1

Versailles Treaty

Answer 1

The treaty ending World War I and crating the League of Nations.

Question 2

Red Scare

Answer 2

Post-World War I public hysteria over Bolshevik influence in the United States directed against labor activism, radical dissenters, and some ethnic groups.

Question 3

Open shop

Answer 3

Factory or business employing workers whether or not they are union members; in practice, such a business usually refuses to hire union members and follows antiunion policies.

Question 4

Volstead Act

Answer 4

The 1920 law defining the liquor forbidden under the Eighteenth Amendment and giving enforcement responsibilities to the Prohibition Bureau of the Department of the Treasury.

Question 5

Immigration Act

Answer 5

1921 act setting a maximum of 357,000 new immigrants each year.

Question 6

League of Women Voters

Answer 6

League formed in 1920 advocating for women’s rights, among them the right for women to serve on juries and equal pay laws.

Question 7

Great Depression

Answer 7

The nation’s worst economic crisis, extending through the 1930s, producing unprecedented bank failures, unemployment, and industrial and agricultural collapse.

Question 8

Bonus Army

Answer 8

Unemployed veterans of World War I gathering in Washington in 1932 demanding payment of service bonuses not due until 1945.

Question 9

New Deal

Answer 9

The economic and political policies of the Roosevelt administration in the 1930s.

Question 10

Fireside Chat

Answer 10

Speeches broadcast nationally over the radio in which President Franklin D. Roosevelt explained complex issues and programs in plain language, as though his listeners were gathered around the fireside with him.

Question 11

Emergency Banking Act

Answer 11

1933 act that gave the president broad discretionary powers over all banking transactions and foreign exchange.

Question 12

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Answer 12

Federal regional planning agency established to promote conservation, produce electric power, and encourage economic development in seven southern states.

Question 13

National Industrial Recovery Act

Answer 13

1933 act that was meant to be a systematic plan for economic recovery.

Question 14

Social Security Act of 1935

Answer 14

Act establishing federal old-age pensions and unemployment insurance.

Question 15

National labor Relations Act

Answer 15

Guarantees right to organize in unions (aka Wagner Act)

Question 16

Congress of Industrial Organizations

Answer 16

An alliance of industrial unions that spurred the 1930s organizational drive among the mass-production industries.

Question 17

New Deal Coalition

Answer 17

Coalition that included traditional-minded white southern Democrats, big-city political machines, industrial workers of all races, trade unionists, and many Depression-hit farmers.

Question 18

Dust Bowl

Answer 18

The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the U.S. prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion caused the phenomenon.

Question 19

Court Packing

Answer 19

The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937 (frequently called the “court-packing plan”) was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Question 20

1938 Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer 20

The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments.

Question 21

Blitzkrieg

Answer 21

A German term for “lightning war,” blitzkrieg is a military tactic designed to create disorganization among enemy forces through the use of mobile forces and locally concentrated firepower.

Question 22

Neutrality Act of 1939

Answer 22

This Act lifted the arms embargo and put all trade with belligerent nations under the terms of “cash-and-carry.”

Question 23

Axis Powers

Answer 23

The Axis powers, also known as the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied Powers.

Question 24

Lend-Lease Act

Answer 24

Proposed in late 1940 and passed in March 1941, the Lend-Lease Act was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II.

Question 25

Atlantic Charter

Answer 25

The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration released by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on August 14, 1941 following a meeting of the two heads of state in Newfoundland. The Atlantic Charter provided a broad statement of U.S. and British war aims.

Question 26

War Powers Act

Answer 26

The War Powers Resolution (also known as the War Powers Resolution of 1973 or the War Powers Act) (50 U.S.C. 1541–1548) is a federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress.

Question 27

Operation Torch

Answer 27

Operation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 8 November 1942.

Question 28

Operation Overlord

Answer 28

Operation Overlord was the code name for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy landings.

Question 29

D-Day

Answer 29

The Normandy landings were the landing operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II.

Question 30

Battle of the Bulge

Answer 30

The Battle of the Bulge was the last major German offensive campaign of World War II.

Question 31

Eastern Front

Answer 31

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies

Question 32

Island hopping

Answer 32

Leapfrogging, also known as island hopping, was a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers during World War II.

Question 33

Holocaust

Answer 33

The Holocaust, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany, and by the World War II collaborators with the Nazis.

Question 34

Yalta Conference

Answer 34

The Yalta Conference was a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down.