Unit 7a

Question 1

White Man’s Burden

Answer 1

A poem urging the U.S. to take up the “burden” of empire that coincided with the beginning of the Philippine-American War and U.S. Senate ratification of the treaty that placed Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba, and the Philippines under American control.

Question 2

Progressive Era

Answer 2

An era in the United States (roughly between 1900 and 1917) in which important movements challenged traditional relationships and attitudes.

Question 3

Prohibition

Answer 3

A ban on the production, sale, and consumption of liquor, achieved temporarily through state laws and the Eighteenth Amendment.

Question 4

Initiative

Answer 4

Procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters.

Question 5

Referendum

Answer 5

Submission of a law, proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection.

Question 6

Recall

Answer 6

The process of removing an official from office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote.

Question 7

Muckraking

Answer 7

Journalism exposing economic, social, and political evils, so named by Theodore Roosevelt for its “raking the muck” of American society.

Question 8

Company Towns

Answer 8

Company towns sprang up around big business facilities and essentially provided everything for the town at a high cost, keeping the town perpetually in serfdom.

Question 9

Niagara Movement

Answer 9

African American group organized in 1905 to promote racial integration, civil and political rights, and equal access to economic opportunity,

Question 10

NAACP

Answer 10

Interracial organization co-founded by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1910 dedicated to restoring African American political and social rights.

Question 11

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 11

The first federal antitrust measure, passed in 1890; sought to promote economic competition by prohibiting business combinations in restraint of trade or commerce.

Question 12

Hepburn Act

Answer 12

Act that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) by authorizing it to set maximum railroad rates and inspect financial records.

Question 13

Food and Drug Act

Answer 13

Act that established the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which tested and approved drugs before they went on the market.

Question 14

New Freedom

Answer 14

Woodrow Wilson’s 1912 program for limited government intervention in the economy to restore competition by curtailing the restrictive influences of trusts and protective tariffs thereby providing opportunities for individual achievement.

Question 15

Sixteenth Amendment of 1913

Answer 15

Authorized a federal income tax.

Question 16

Federal Reserve Act

Answer 16

The 1913 law that revised banking and currency by extending limited government regulation through the creation of the Federal Reserve System.

Question 17

Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914

Answer 17

Replaced the old Sherman Act of 1890 as the nation’s basic antitrust law. It exempted unions from being construed as illegal combinations in restraint of trade, and it forbade federal courts from issuing injunctions against strikers.

Question 18

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Answer 18

Government agency established in 1914 to provide regulatory oversight of business activity.

Question 19

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 19

President Theodore Roosevelt’s policy asserting U.S. authority to intervene in the affairs of Latin American nations; an expansion of the Monroe Doctrine.

Question 20

Yellow Press

Answer 20

Yellow journalism, or the yellow press, is a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell more newspapers.

Question 21

Open Door

Answer 21

American policy of seeking equal trade and investment opportunities in foreign nations or regions.

Question 22

Militarism

Answer 22

the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

Question 23

Imperialism

Answer 23

a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Question 24

Allies

Answer 24

a group of nations taking military action together

Question 25

Committee on Public Information

Answer 25

The Committee on Public Information, also known as the CPI or the Creel Committee, was an independent agency of the government of the United States created to influence U.S. public opinion regarding American participation in World War I.

Question 26

Selective Service Act

Answer 26

authorized the federal government to raise a national army for the American entry into World War I through the compulsory enlistment of people.

Question 27

War Industries Board

Answer 27

to coordinate the purchase of war supplies by encouraging companies to use mass-production techniques to increase efficiency and urged them to eliminate waste by standardizing products.

Question 28

Liberty Bonds

Answer 28

A Liberty Bond was a war bond that was sold in the United States to support the allied cause in World War I. Subscribing to the bonds became a symbol of patriotic duty in the United States and introduced the idea of financial securities to many citizens for the first time.

Question 29

Espionage Act

Answer 29

Law whose vague prohibition against obstructing the nation’s war effort was used to crush dissent and criticism during World War I.

Question 30

Sedition Act

Answer 30

Broad law restricting criticism of America’s involvement in world War I or its government, flag, military, taxes, or officials.`

Question 31

Great Migration

Answer 31

The mass movement of blacks from South to North, spurred by new job opportunities during World War I and the 1920s.

Question 32

League of Nations

Answer 32

International organization created by the Versailles Treaty after World War I to ensure world stability.

Question 33

Central Powers

Answer 33

Germany and its World War I allies in Austria, Italy, Turkey, and Bulgaria.

Question 34

Irreconcilables

Answer 34

Group of U.S. senators adamantly opposed to ratification of the Treaty of Versailles after World War I