Unit 7: Rise Of Totalitarianism Flashcards
Unstable new democracies
After WWI, many new democracies were created. The democracies were unstable, because the leader’s lack of experience. Frequent changes in a countries leadership made it hard for them to move towards long term goals
Weimar Republic
Germany’s New Democratic government that had serious weaknesses
Inflation in Germany
To pay expenses of WWI, Germany printed more money, which decreased its value.
The Dawes Plan
American banks gave Germany a $200 million loan to stabilize Germany economically. It helped Germany recover.
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Germany’s prime minister and France’s prime minister signed a treaty saying they would not go to war together. The U.S. Secretary of State arranged this agreement and almost every country in the world signed
American overproduction
During the 1920s, farmers began producing too much. Farmers couldn’t make a profit or pay bank loans.
The Great Depression
The severe economic slump following the stock market crash
Global depression
The effect of rest of the world following the Great Depression.
Coalition
A government controlled by temporary alliance of several political parties
Socialist governments
Socialist governments in Scandinavian countries fixed economic problems through recovery programs with community action
New Deal
Roosevelt’s economic reform program designed to solve problems of the Great Depression
Totalitarianism
A government that takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of public and private life
Police terror
Rulers use police to intimidate the people, use force, and in some cases, kill them
Indoctrination
instruction in the government’s beliefs to mold people’s minds
Propaganda/censorship
Totalitarian states spread propaganda, biased or incomplete information used to sway people to accept certain beliefs or actions. Control of all mass media allows this to happen. No publication, film, art, or music is allowed to exist without the permission of the state
Persecution
Totalitarian leaders often create “enemies of the state” to blame for things that go wrong. Frequently these enemies are members of religious or ethnic groups
Great Purge
Stalin’s campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power. Bolsheviks who were part of the Revolution were sent to labor camps or executed
Pravada
Russian Communist Party newspaper
Education under Stalin
the government controlled all education from nursery schools through the universities.
Russian Orthodox Church
Was the main target of persecution. The police destroyed many churches and sent religious leaders to labor camps or killed them
Command economy
Russia’s economy under Stalin. The government made all economic decisions
Five Year Plan
Stalins plans for Russia that outlined the development of the Soviet economy
Collective farms
large, government-owned farms formed by combing many smaller farms
Kulaks
Class of wealthy peasants
Women in Russia
Women’s roles expanded
Fascism
political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader
Nazism
The Fascist policies of Nationalist German social workers’ party based on totalitarianism, belief in racism superiority and state control of industry
Benito Mussolini
Italy’s fascist leader
Black shirts
Groups of Fascists wearing black shirts attacked Communists and Socialists on the streets
Adolf Hitler
Germany’s dictator
Mein Kampf
Book written by Hitler during his imprisonment that outlined his goals for Germany
Aryan race
What Hitler believed was the “superior” race
Lebensraum
“Living space” the additional land that Germany needed
Chancellor
Hitler rose to power from being appointed chancellor and then took more power
SS
Originally Hitler’s bodyguards who arrested and murdered his enemies
Gestapo
Hitler’s secret police
Hitler youth
School children had to join a program that taught them propaganda
Kristallnacht
Nazi mobs attacked Jews in their homes and on the streets and destroyed thousands of Jewish-owned buildings
Non-aggression pact
10 year agreement signed by Stalin and Hitler
