Unit 7: Review Flashcards
What should you put on before patient contact, usually before entering the room?
gloves
When a person is infected with the Hepatitis C virus, approximately how long might the illness slowly progress with no physical signs of illness?
a decade or two
When you use _____ precautions, you are protecting against bloodborne illnesses
standard
Maintenance personnel outside the hospital can also be at risk from needles or medical waste that is not properly:
disposed of
Employers need to protect workers from bloodborne pathogens, as mandated by:
OSHA
How are bloodborne pathogens generally transmitted from one person to another?
direct contact with blood or sexual contact
In what kind of setting can frequent close contact with someone who has Hepatitis B cause transmission?
residential setting
The word “hepatitis” means inflammation of the:
liver
If a person infected with a bloodborne pathogen shares a drinking fountain, toilet, or shower with a person who is not infected with a bloodborne pathogen, what will happen to the uninfected person?
nothing
What do employers call a written plan to eliminate or minimize exposure that is updated annually and includes a list of tasks and procedures that risk exposure and which jobs involve those tasks?
Exposure Control Plan
What kind of labels must be on containers of waste, sharps containers, refrigerators that contain blood or other fluids, contaminated equipment, or laundry?
Warning label
Sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, and safer medical devices are all examples of equipment that is _____ to help prevent exposure.
engineered
What are some examples of personal protective equipment that employers are required to provide to workers at no cost?
Gloves,gowns,masks,face shield
What type of professionals are at a much higher risk for some of the most common infections and diseases in the United States because they come into contact with blood much more often than other professionals?
blood borne disease
What is the most powerful tool to reduce your chances of catching an illness in any setting?
hand washing
Anticipated exposure, durability and appropriateness, and proper fit are the three factors that should be considered when choosing:
PPE(personal protective equipment)
In healthcare, what will be the most common type of PPE that you will use?
gloves
A basic principle for all infection control practices is to work from _____ to _____. This means that you should touch unsoiled body sites before you touch contaminated areas.
clean to dirty
Powder used to be used in gloves to make them easier to get on, but the powder was banned by the FDA in 2017. Why was the powder banned?
It caused irritation in patients and healthcare workers
Patient care activities require the use of one of what three types of gloves?
nitrile,vinyl, or latex gloves
When should sharps containers be emptied and changed in order to avoid overflowing?
When the containers ⅔ full
For any exposure incident, employers must provide evaluation and _____ care to workers at no cost.
healthcare
What three specific bloodborne diseases are the primary concern when discussing how to protect healthcare workers from occupational exposure?
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV
What term refers to an accidental stab wound with a needle that may contain blood or body fluids?
needlestick
When you insert a needle into a patient or remove it from the person’s skin are the two moments of _____ risk for a needlestick
high
When any eye, mouth, mucous membrane, or non-intact skin come into contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, what kind of incident is it?
exposure incident
Make sure that there is a sharps disposal container at _____ level and within reach of where you are using a sharp.
eye
What term refers to a preventative medical treatment given after exposure to a pathogen?
Post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP)
Contaminated laundry should not be _____ or _____.
shaken or agitated
or surgical or any invasive procedures, special sterile gloves are used, and there are times when workers need to wear _____ gloves for surgery.
double
Contaminated laundry should be placed in ____ bags or containers and properly labeled so all workers will know to use precautions.
waste
When irrigating a wound or suctioning considerable secretions, it is necessary to use something that covers from forehead to below the chin, plus around the sides of the face. What is this called?
face shield
What term refers to devices worn over the mouth and nose to filter out hazardous substances such as pathogens or noxious chemicals?
repirators
Why should you never carry laundry bags against your body or squeeze them?
body fluids
If linens and surfaces are contaminated with ____ they can be a source of infection for bloodborne pathogens.
bodily fluids
What term refers to an apparatus for sterilizing using high pressure and steam?
autoclave
In order to offer optimal protection, how should gloves fit around the wrist?
fit snugly around the wrist and be comfortable to be most protective
If you are unvaccinated, what are your chances of contracting Hepatitis B from a sharps incident?
1 in 5
One of the three basic routes of exposure to bloodborne pathogens happens through the skin, which is referred to as:
Percutaneous
Protecting your face is very important if there is a chance of contact with infectious agents because your eyes, nose, and mouth all have _____ membranes vulnerable to pathogens.
mucous
When infected fluid touches the thin skin surfaces of the inside parts of the body, exposure is referred to as:
mucosal
If fluid penetration is likely, what kind of gown should be used?
fluid-resistant
What are infections that are passed on by having unprotected sex referred to as?
sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
When an infection has a sudden and severe onset and short duration, it can be referred to as:
acute
Cotton gowns can be laundered and reused, while ____ gowns are disposable.
spun synthetic
What civil rights law was enacted in 1990 that protects people with disabilities from discrimination in public life?
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Diseases that cause any physical function or impair the ____ system are considered disabilities for the purposes of the ADA law.
immune
In a laboratory setting, when infectious materials or animals are present, what kind of signs must be posted on all doors?
Biohazard
Infectious waste needs to be disposed of in accordance with what applicable regulations?
federal, state, and local
After an incident occurs, how long until PEP should be started?
should be started as soon as possible after the incident and within one to two hours is ideal
T/F:There are some very common diseases that often don’t cause any symptoms, sometimes for years, but can still be transmitted between people.
true
T/F:Up to 80 percent of people who are infected with the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) show many symptoms of the disease immediately after being infected.
false
T/F:Bodily fluids that may contain pathogens include blood, semen, vaginal secretions, non-intact skin, and various types of bodily tissues.
true
T/F:If a worker has touched fluid that is infected, even with gloves on, and then touches their mouth, nose, or eyes, this cannot transmit a virus.
false
T/F:Many people who are infected with a bloodborne pathogen have no symptoms and therefore don’t have any idea that they might be infected.
true
T/F:In order to be at risk for a needlestick, you must be the person who is actually using a needle to be at risk for a bloodborne disease.
false
T/F:Workers need regular training on bloodborne pathogens and diseases, methods to control exposure, and post-exposure procedures.
true
T/F:Bloodborne pathogens are generally transmitted through feces, sweat, nasal secretions, urine, tears, and vomit.
false
T/F:Latex allergies are common, so many facilities have also moved away from using latex.
true
T/F:It is completely safe to wear one pair of gloves for an entire shift in a healthcare facility, not changing them in between patients.
false
T/F:An air filtration system is required for labs that work with infectious materials.
true
T/F:Prescription lenses are all the protection that is needed from spraying fluids.
false
T/F:When you insert a needle into a patient or remove it from the person’s skin are two moments of high risk for a needlestick.
true
T/F:Although HIV testing is offered for free in most places, it is never confidential and all results must be reported to the CDC with a name and personal information.
false
T/F:Certain times during the course of a procedure pose a higher risk for a sharps injury, so extra alertness and caution are necessary.
true
T/F:You should never put your fingers in the sharps container, and if there is tubing attached to the needle, hold both needle and tubing as you put them in the container.
true
T/F:Washing gloves removes all the microorganisms and does not make the gloves prone to tearing or leaking.
false
T/F:Employers are not required to make HBV vaccinations available to all workers who might have workplace exposure.
false
T/F:All pathogens that cause disease have the ability to float through the air for transmission.
false
T/F:Soiled gloves should not touch anything else—your face, a surface, a light switch, a door knob, etc.
true
