Unit 7: Quiz 1

Question 1

Businesses competing for profit without undue government intervention

Answer 1

free-enterprise system

Question 2

investing at a risk for financial gain

Answer 2

profit motive

Question 3

attempts to free the Holy Land from the Muslims

Answer 3

Crusades

Question 4

European history–from Rome’s fall to the Renaissance

Answer 4

Middle Ages

Question 5

change from hand power to machine power

Answer 5

Industrial Revolution

Question 6

Patterns monasteries established for helping industry included

Answer 6

specific work responsibilities and strict discipline

Question 7

Effects the Crusades had in sparking the industrial age included

Answer 7

revived interest in trade, revived interest in business, and increased desire to be prosperous and productive

Question 8

The basic component a nation does NOT need to become industrialized is

Answer 8

fertile soil

Question 9

printing press

Answer 9

Gutenberg

Question 10

flying shuttle

Answer 10

Kay

Question 11

spinning jenny

Answer 11

Hargreaves

Question 12

cotton gin

Answer 12

Whitney

Question 13

Coke, an essential improvement in the iron industry is

Answer 13

coal with certain impurities removed

Question 14

has great quantities of air forced throughout

Answer 14

blast furnace

Question 15

iron that has certain minerals added

Answer 15

steel

Question 16

The Industrial Revolution needed

Answer 16

new inventions

Question 17

The small privileged class of nobility or the very wealthy

Answer 17

aristocracy

Question 18

The amount of property or money available for use in business.

Answer 18

capital

Question 19

A person who has capital invested in business, and one who engages in free enterprise.

Answer 19

capitalist

Question 20

Someone who has purchased stock, also known as a shareholder.

Answer 20

stockholder

Question 21

Before the Industrial Revolution, craftsmen

Answer 21

ran their business at home and set their own hours

Question 22

Stockholders in large businesses

Answer 22

became part owners, received a share of the profits, lost when the company lost

Question 23

The following groups of people became factory workers

Answer 23

farmers, women and children, and skilled artisans

Question 24

Positive advantages of the machine age were

Answer 24

that it supplied jobs, that it improved the economy, that it increased productivity

Question 25

The factory worker bore the brunt of the factory system through the stifling of his

Answer 25

self-worth, creativity, dignity

Question 26

Early factories were located by rivers so they could operate by

Answer 26

water power

Question 27

____________________ made improvements in the steam engine.

Answer 27

Newcomen and Watt

Question 28

____________developed steam locomotives

Answer 28

Stephenson

Question 29

able to power the machines; more versatile use of power

Answer 29

steam engine

Question 30

made road travel safer, more enjoyable, with fewer delays

Answer 30

improved road building

Question 31

not having to rely on wind power provided quicker distribution of goods

Answer 31

steam ship

Question 32

faster and safer than road travel; could carry freight overland

Answer 32

steam locomotive

Question 33

What advantages did steam-powered machinery have over water-powered machinery? (List three.)

Answer 33

It was a fast method of transportation, it quickened the production processes, and it enhanced the distribution techniques of material