Unit 7 - Periodontal Health, Gingival Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

Define gingival health

Answer 1

Less than 10% BOP is classified as health

Question 2

What is the difference between pristine health and clinical periodontal health?

Answer 2

Clinical health is no inflammation allowing a person to function normally but can still have some bleeding etc, while pristine health is incredibly rare with no CAL loss, no BOP, no loss of any perio structures, no inflammation.

Question 3

Signs of periodontal health are abscence or minimal amounts of:

Answer 3

BOP
Erythema (redness)
Edema (swelling)
Client symptoms

Question 4

What are the three categories of periodontal health?

Answer 4

Periodontal health on an intact periodontium

Periodontal health on a reduced periodontium in a non perio patient

Periodontal health on a reduced periodontium in a successfully treated stable periodontitis patient

Question 5

What health category would be described by a client exhibiting no clinical signs of gingival inflammaion and no previous loss of periodontal tissues?

Answer 5

Periodontal health on an intact periodontium

Question 6

What health category would be described by a client experiencing gernalized recession with no evident signs of clinical inflammation and no bone loss?

Answer 6

Peridontal health on a reduced periodontium

Question 7

Which health/perio condition would have no history of periodontitis, no CAL loss, no detectable RBL, pockets = or <3mm, BOP <10%, and controlled modifying and predisposing factors?

Answer 7

Clinical gingival health on intact peridontium

Question 8

What health/perio condition would have no history or periodontitis, non-periodontitis associated CAL loss, possible RBL, pockets = or <3mm, BOP <10%, and controlled modifying and predisposing factors?

Answer 8

Clinical gingival health on a reduced periodontium in a non perio patient

Question 9

What recare frequency would gingival health on intact periodotium require?

Answer 9

6 month

Question 10

What recare frequency would gingival health on reduced periodontium non-perio need?

Answer 10

6 month

Question 11

What category of health/perio disease is an active disease, inflammatory lesion resulting from interactions between the dental plaque and the host’s immunie-inflammatory response?

Answer 11

Gingivitis: Dental Biofilm Induced

Question 11

What are the characteristics of gingivitis dental biofilm induced?

Answer 11

Inflammation in confined to the gingiva
Intitiated by plaque biofilm
No CAL associated with the inflammation
Inflammation is reversible with plaque removal but may progress to periodontitis

Question 11

What is the most common type of periodontal disease?

Answer 11

Gingivitis dental biofilm induced

Question 12

What are factors that increase a indivdual’s susceptibility to a disease?

Answer 12

Modifying factors

Question 13

What are systemic modifying factors?

Answer 13

Characteristics present in an individual, which negatively influence the immune-inflammatory response

Question 14

What are local modifying factors?

Answer 14

Intraoral conditions or habits that increase an individual’ susceptibility to periodontal diseases

Question 15

What are examples of systemic modifying factors for gingivitis?

Answer 15

Sex steroidal hormones
Hyperglycemia
Leukemia
Smoking
Malnutrition

Question 16

What are examples of local modifying factors for gingivitis?

Answer 16

Drug induced inflammation
Restoration
Tooth anatomy
Hyposalivation

Question 17

Why is puberty a systemic modifying factor of dental biofilm induced gingivitis?

Answer 17

During puberty there is an increase in steroid hormone levels that can cause inflammation of the gingiva

Question 18

Why is the menstrual cycle a systemic modifying factor of gingivitis?

Answer 18

Studies show modest inflammatory changes during ovulation

Question 19

What is a pregnancy associated pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor?

Answer 19

A gingival paillae can react so strongly to a small amount of plaque biofilm during pregnancy that it can result in those conditions.

Question 20

Do new concentrations of oral contraceptive induce clinical changes previously associated with oral contraceptives?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

True or False: Gingivitis is often seen in children and adults with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.

Answer 21

False. Gingivitis is often seen in children with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus but there is limited evidence in adults.

Question 22

What condition has an exaggerated inflammatory response that results in gingiva that appears swollen, spongy, deep red and shiney. Tissues may appear friable and bleed easily. Inflammation often initiates in the interdental papilla.

Answer 22

Leukemia

Question 23

What is one of the major lifestyle risk factors for periodontal disease?

Answer 23

Smoking

Question 24

True or False: Smokers have fewer clinial signs and symptoms of gingival inflammation therefore masking gingivitis.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

True or False: Vitamin C or ascorbic acid deficiency can exhibit characterisitics similar to gingivitis.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What types of pharmacological agents can drug-influenced gingivitis?

Answer 26

Anticonvulsants
Calcium channel blockers
Immunosuppressants

Question 27

What are retention factors in relation to local risk factors?

Answer 27

Things like margins of subgingival restorations that can increase plaque biofilm retention

Question 28

Can non-biofilm induced gingival disease be resolved by plaque removal?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

Can the presece of plaque worsen non-biofilm induced gingival disease?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

Is non-biofilm induced gingivitis painful?

Answer 30

Often yes

Question 31

What causes non-biofilm induced gingivitis?

Answer 31

Gentic/developmental disorders
Specific infections
Inflammatory and immune conditions
Reaction processes
Neoplasms (eg squamous cell carcinoma)
Endocrine, nutritional, and metaboblic diseases
Traumatic lesions