Unit 4 - Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

In classifying periodontal diseases, what must the dental hygienist be able to do?

Answer 1

Communicate clinical findings accurately to other dental healthcare providers
Present information to patients about their disease status
Formulate individualize treatment plans
Predict treatment outcomes

Question 2

The most recenet AAP classification of perdiontal disease happened in _________ and was the first change since _______.

Answer 2

2017
1999

Question 3

The 1999 AAP classification system views gingival disease in two categories. What are they?

Answer 3

Plaque-induced gingival diseases
Non-plaque-induced gingival lesions

Question 4

What are the three categories for periodontitis?

Answer 4

Chronic periodontitis
Aggressive periodontitis
Less common types of periodontitis

Question 5

Under the three categories for periodontitis, what are the less common types of periodontitits?

Answer 5

Manifestation of systemic disease
Necrotizing periodontal diseases
Abscesses of the periodontium
Deformities and conditions

Question 6

What were the challenges with the 1999 AAP classification?

Answer 6

Chronic vs agressive
No mention of implants and the periodontal challenges when the implants are not successful
International language for clinical communication

Question 7

What is the personalized dental model?

Answer 7

Classifying diseases, helps us as clinicans for the diagnosis, to treat the disease, and to can adapt to advancements as they occur.

Question 8

What are the major diagnostic tools in the personalized dental model?

Answer 8

CAL
BOP
Radiographic bone loss

Question 9

What is the current AAP classification system?

Answer 9

Periodontal Health and Gingival Health
Gingivitis: Dental Biofilm-Induced
Gingival Diseases: Nondental Biofilm-Induced

Question 10

Characteristics of periodontal health and gingival health?

Answer 10

Clinical gingival health on an intact periodontium.
No clinical attachment loss.
Absence of bleeding on probing
Absence of erythema and edema

Question 11

What is erythema?

Answer 11

Superficial redding of the skin

Question 12

What is edema?

Answer 12

Swelling caused by too much fluid trapped in the body’s tissues

Question 13

What is the primary parameter to set theresholds for gingivitis?

Answer 13

Bleeding on probing

Question 14

Define gingivititis: dental biofilm-induced associated with dental biofilm

Answer 14

An inflammatory lesion from interactions between the dental plaque biofilm and the host’s immune-inflammatory response, which remains contained within the gingivia.

Question 15

Signs of gingivitis

Answer 15

Erthema (reddness)
Edema (swelling)
BOP

Question 16

Systemic risk factors of gingivitis include

Answer 16

Smoking
Hyperglycemia
Nutritional factors
Pharmacological agents (prescription/non-prescription/recreational)
Sex steroid hormones
Hematological conditions

Question 17

True or False: plaque biofilm accumulation is exaggerated in smokers

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False: Inflammation in response to hyperglycemia in regards to the gingiva to plaque biofilm is reduced.

Answer 18

False: It is exacerbated.

Question 19

What is the nutritional factor for gingivititis?

Answer 19

Vitamin deficiencies such as vitamin C.

Question 20

What are the sex steroid hormones that factor into gingivitits?

Answer 20

Puberty
Menstrual cycle
Pregnancy
Contraceptives

Question 21

What hematological condition causes exaggerated inflammatory response to plaque biofilm?

Answer 21

Leukemia

Question 22

What are the characterisitics of gingivial diseases: nondental biofilm-induced?

Answer 22

Genetic/developmental disorders
Specific infections (bacterial, viral, fungal)
Inflammatory and immune conditions
Reactive processes
Neoplasms
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases
Traumatic lesions
Gingival pigmentation

Question 23

How is periodontal disease staged?

Answer 23

Stages 1 - 4

Question 24

What is stage 1 periodontitits?

Answer 24

Initial stages of attachment loss

Question 25

What is stage 2 periodontitis?

Answer 25

Moderate/established periodontitis

Question 26

What is stage 3 periodontitis?

Answer 26

Severe periodontitis with significant destruction and potential for tooth loss

Question 27

What is stage 4 periodontitis?

Answer 27

Advanced periodontitits with extensive tooth loss

Question 28

What are the grades of periodontitis?

Answer 28

A, B, C

Question 29

Characteristics of grade A periodontitis, slow rate.

Answer 29

No loss or bone or CAL over five years
% of bone loss/age = <0.25
Heavy bioflim deposits with low levels of destruction
Non-smoker
Normoglycemic/no diagnosis of diabetes

Question 30

Characteristics of grade B periodontitis, moderate rate.

Answer 30

<2mm of bone or CAL loss over five years
% of bone loss/age = 0.25 to 1.0
Destruction to commensurate with biofilm deposits
<10 cigarettes per day
AIC <7.0% in patients with diabetes

Question 31

Characterisitics of grade C periodontitits, rapid rate.

Answer 31

> 2mm of bone or CAL loss over five years
% of bone loss/age = >1.0
Destruction exceeds expectations given biofilm deposits, specific clinical patterns suggestive of periods of rapid progression and/or early onset disease
10 cigarettes per day
AIC >7.0% in patients with diabetes

Question 32

Which grade of periodontitis progression is moderate?

Answer 32

B

Question 33

Which grade of periodontitis progression is rapid?

Answer 33

C

Question 34

Which grade of periodontitits progression is slow?

Answer 34

A

Question 35

When is periodontitis localized?

Answer 35

Seen in less than 30% of periodontium

Question 36

What are the peri-implant diseases and conditions?

Answer 36

Peri-implant health
Peri-implant mucositis
Peri-implantitis
Peri-implant soft and hard tissue deficiencies