Unit 4 - Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
In classifying periodontal diseases, what must the dental hygienist be able to do?
Communicate clinical findings accurately to other dental healthcare providers
Present information to patients about their disease status
Formulate individualize treatment plans
Predict treatment outcomes
The most recenet AAP classification of perdiontal disease happened in _________ and was the first change since _______.
2017
1999
The 1999 AAP classification system views gingival disease in two categories. What are they?
Plaque-induced gingival diseases
Non-plaque-induced gingival lesions
What are the three categories for periodontitis?
Chronic periodontitis
Aggressive periodontitis
Less common types of periodontitis
Under the three categories for periodontitis, what are the less common types of periodontitits?
Manifestation of systemic disease
Necrotizing periodontal diseases
Abscesses of the periodontium
Deformities and conditions
What were the challenges with the 1999 AAP classification?
Chronic vs agressive
No mention of implants and the periodontal challenges when the implants are not successful
International language for clinical communication
What is the personalized dental model?
Classifying diseases, helps us as clinicans for the diagnosis, to treat the disease, and to can adapt to advancements as they occur.
What are the major diagnostic tools in the personalized dental model?
CAL
BOP
Radiographic bone loss
What is the current AAP classification system?
Periodontal Health and Gingival Health
Gingivitis: Dental Biofilm-Induced
Gingival Diseases: Nondental Biofilm-Induced
Characteristics of periodontal health and gingival health?
Clinical gingival health on an intact periodontium.
No clinical attachment loss.
Absence of bleeding on probing
Absence of erythema and edema
What is erythema?
Superficial redding of the skin
What is edema?
Swelling caused by too much fluid trapped in the body’s tissues
What is the primary parameter to set theresholds for gingivitis?
Bleeding on probing
Define gingivititis: dental biofilm-induced associated with dental biofilm
An inflammatory lesion from interactions between the dental plaque biofilm and the host’s immune-inflammatory response, which remains contained within the gingivia.
Signs of gingivitis
Erthema (reddness)
Edema (swelling)
BOP
Systemic risk factors of gingivitis include
Smoking
Hyperglycemia
Nutritional factors
Pharmacological agents (prescription/non-prescription/recreational)
Sex steroid hormones
Hematological conditions
True or False: plaque biofilm accumulation is exaggerated in smokers
True
True or False: Inflammation in response to hyperglycemia in regards to the gingiva to plaque biofilm is reduced.
False: It is exacerbated.
What is the nutritional factor for gingivititis?
Vitamin deficiencies such as vitamin C.
What are the sex steroid hormones that factor into gingivitits?
Puberty
Menstrual cycle
Pregnancy
Contraceptives
What hematological condition causes exaggerated inflammatory response to plaque biofilm?
Leukemia
What are the characterisitics of gingivial diseases: nondental biofilm-induced?
Genetic/developmental disorders
Specific infections (bacterial, viral, fungal)
Inflammatory and immune conditions
Reactive processes
Neoplasms
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases
Traumatic lesions
Gingival pigmentation
How is periodontal disease staged?
Stages 1 - 4
What is stage 1 periodontitits?
Initial stages of attachment loss
What is stage 2 periodontitis?
Moderate/established periodontitis
What is stage 3 periodontitis?
Severe periodontitis with significant destruction and potential for tooth loss
What is stage 4 periodontitis?
Advanced periodontitits with extensive tooth loss
What are the grades of periodontitis?
A, B, C
Characteristics of grade A periodontitis, slow rate.
No loss or bone or CAL over five years
% of bone loss/age = <0.25
Heavy bioflim deposits with low levels of destruction
Non-smoker
Normoglycemic/no diagnosis of diabetes
Characteristics of grade B periodontitis, moderate rate.
<2mm of bone or CAL loss over five years
% of bone loss/age = 0.25 to 1.0
Destruction to commensurate with biofilm deposits
<10 cigarettes per day
AIC <7.0% in patients with diabetes
Characterisitics of grade C periodontitits, rapid rate.
> 2mm of bone or CAL loss over five years
% of bone loss/age = >1.0
Destruction exceeds expectations given biofilm deposits, specific clinical patterns suggestive of periods of rapid progression and/or early onset disease
10 cigarettes per day
AIC >7.0% in patients with diabetes
Which grade of periodontitis progression is moderate?
B
Which grade of periodontitis progression is rapid?
C
Which grade of periodontitits progression is slow?
A
When is periodontitis localized?
Seen in less than 30% of periodontium
What are the peri-implant diseases and conditions?
Peri-implant health
Peri-implant mucositis
Peri-implantitis
Peri-implant soft and hard tissue deficiencies
