Unit 7 muscles of the inferior limb Flashcards
anterior muscles of the hip
this “group”of muscles includes only two large muscles bellies and they are so closely related that they are given a combined name- iliopsoas muscle
iliopsoas muscle
located on the anterior aspect of the proximal thigh

iliacus muscle
Origin: iliac fossa Insertion: lesser trochanter and adjacent body of the femur Action: flex coxal joint, rotate thigh lateral (externally)

psoas major muscle
Origin: bodies of vertebrae T12-L5 Insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur bone Action: flex coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally (externally), flex the vertebrae joints in the lumbar region (weakly)

posterior and lateral muscles of the hip
four muscles include the three gluteal muscles and the tensor fasciae latae muscle
gluteus maximus muscle
Origin: bony sacrum, iliac crest, coccyx Insertion: proximolateral aspect of the body of the femur bone and iliotibial tract Action: extend coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally (externally) some adduction of inferior limb at coxal joint

gluteus medius muscle
Origin: gluteal surface of the ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur bone Action: abduct inferior limb at coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally (externally)

gluteus minimus muscle
Origin: gluteal surface of the ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur bone Action: abduct inferior limb at coxal joint

tensor fasciae latae muscle
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: lateral condyle of the tibia Action: flex coxal joint, medial rotation of thigh, abduct inferior limb at coxal joint

fascia lata
broad flat sheet of deep fascia on the lateral aspect of the thigh
iliotibial tract
dense band within the fascia lata
anterior muscles of the thigh
3 muscles that are located on the anterior aspect of the thigh
sartorius muscle
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine, Insertion: medial aspect of the tibial tuberosity Action: flex coxal joint rotate thigh laterally (externally), felt genial joint, rotate crus medially (internally) at knee joint

quadriceps femoris muscle
4 headed muscles which occupies most of the anterior thigh region
rectus femoris muscle
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: flex coxal joint, extend genual joint

vastus intermedius muscle
Origin: anterior aspect of body of the femur bone Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: extend genual joint

vastus lateralis muscle
Origin: lateral aspect of body of the femur bone Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: extend genual joint

vastus medialis muscle
Origin: medial aspect of body of the femur bone Insertion: tibial tuberosity Action: extend genual joint

posterior muscles of the thigh
3 large muscles on the back of the thigh “hamstrings”
biceps femoris muscle
large muscle on post lateral aspect of the thigh it has two heads

long head of the biceps femoris muscle
Origin: ischiatica tuber Insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia Action: extend coxal joint (long head), flex genual joint, rotate crus laterally (externally)

short head of the biceps femoris muscle
Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur bone head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia Action: flex genual joint, rotate crus laterally (externally)

semitendinosus muscle
Origin: ischiatic tuber Insertion: medial aspect of the proximal part of the tibia body Action: extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially (internally)

semimembranosus muscle
Origin: ischiatic tuber Insertion: medial condyle of the tibia Action: extend coxal join, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially (internally)

medial muscles of the thigh
6 mules in this group
gracilis muscle
Origin: inferior rams of the pubis Insertion: medial aspect of proximal part of the tibial body Action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint, flex genual joint rotate crus medially (internally)

pectineus muscle
Origin: pecten of the pubis Insertion: proximal end of the posterior aspect of the femoral body Action: adduct inferior limb at coxal join, flex coxal joint

adductor longus muscle
Origin: pubic symphysis and adjacent body of the pubis Insertion: middle third of the medial lip of linea aspera of the femur bone Action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint

adductor brevis muscle
Origin: inferior famous of the pubis Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera of the femur bone Action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint

adductor Magnus muscle
Origin: ischiatic tuber, inferior rams of the pubis, rams of the ischium Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle o the femur bone Action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint, extend coxal joint

anterolateral muscles of the crus
6 muscles are flexors
anterior tibial muscles
Origin: proximal tibia and crural interosseous membrane Insertion: medial cuneiform bone and first metatarsal bone Action: flex (dorsiflex) the talocrural joint, invert the foot

long digital extensor muscle
Origin: laterally condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula and crural interosseous membrane Insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Action: flex ( dorsiflex) talocrural joint, extend digit joints of digits 2-5

extensor hallucis longus muscle
Origin: middle of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane Insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the big toe Action: extend digital joints of big toe, flex (dorsiflex) talocrural joint

peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle
Origin: proximal 3rd of the fibula Insertion: medial cuneiform bone and base of the 1st metatarsal bone Action: extend (planter flex) talocrural joint, evert pes

peroneus (fibularis) brevis muscle
Origin: lateral half of the fibula Insertion: base of the 5th metatarsal bone Action: evert foot, extend (plantar flex) the talocrural joint

peroneus tertius muscle
Origin: lower 3rd of the body of the fibula Insertion: dorsal of the ase of the 5th metatarsal bone Action: flex (dorsiflex) the talocrural joint, evert the pes

posterior muscles of the crus
7 muscles are flexors of the digital joints
gastrocnemius muscle
muscles which form much of the contour of the calf of the leg

soleus muscle
Origin: posteroproximal aspect of the tibia ad fibula Insertion: tuber calcanei Action: extend (plantar flex) talocrural joint, flex genual joint

plantaris muscle
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur bone Insertion: tuber calcanei Action: extend (planter flex) talocrural joint

popliteus muscle
Origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur bone Insertion: posterior aspect of the tibia above the live of the soleus muscle Action: flex genual joint, rotate crus medially (internally)

flexor hallucis longus muscle
Origin: distal 2-thirds of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane Insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the 1st digit Action: flex digital joints of the 1st digit, extend (plantar flex) talocrural joint, invert pes

flexor digitorum longus muscle
Origin: 3rd of posterior surface of the tibia Insertion: digital phalanges of digits 2-5 Action: flex digital joins of minor toes, extend (plantar flex) talocrural joint

posterior tibial muscle
Origin: posterior aspect of the tibia and fibula Insertion: tarsal bones (except talus) and metatarsal bones 2-4 Action: extend ( plantar flex) talocrural joint, invert pes

posterior tibial muscle
Origin: posterior aspect of the tibia and fibula Insertion: tarsal bones (except talus) and metatarsal bones 2-4 Action: extend ( plantar flex) talocrural joint, invert pes
