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Anatomy lab > Unit 12- Lymphatic & Digestive system > Flashcards

Unit 12- Lymphatic & Digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

Lymph System consists of?

A

Thymus, tonsils, spleen, lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Thoracic duct

A

larger and longest of lymphatic vessel. superiorly along the left side

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4
Q

cisterna chyli

A

dilated sac of the thoracic duct

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5
Q

right lymphatic duct

A

receives lymph from the right jugular. Smaller and shorter than the thoracic duct

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6
Q

lymph nodes

A

encapsulated collections of lymphatic tissue.

indicators of infection

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7
Q

Tonsils

A

group of developing lymphocytes

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8
Q

palatine tonsils

A

tonsils that can be easily observed with a mirror at the back of thermal cavity

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9
Q

pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids)

A

embedded in the mucosa of the superoposteriar part of the nasal part of the pharynx (throat)

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10
Q

lingual tonsils

A

tonsils are embedded in the root of the tongue

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11
Q

Spleen

A

large lymphatic organ

-positioned left superior quadrant of the abdomen between the stomach and diaphragm.

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12
Q

splenic hilum

A

where vessels, nerves, etc. enter and leave the spleen.

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13
Q

Thymus

A

lymphoid organ- located near the base of the heart. subdivided into left and right lobes.

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14
Q

Digestive system and functions

A

digestive system: oral cavity, gullet, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.
functions: nutrient intake, solid waste elimination

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15
Q

mucous membrane

A

deepest portion of the gut wall. composed of 3 layers

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16
Q

epithelial layer

A

deepest layer of the mucous membrane

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17
Q

lamina propia of the mocosa

A

composed of connective tissue, support layer between the epithelium and smooth muscle layer

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18
Q

muscular layer of the mucosa

A

layer of smooth muscle tissue superficial to the lamina propria

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19
Q

submucosa

A

layer of areolar tissue

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20
Q

muscular coat

A

layer of smooth muscle tissue

  • circular layer: inner
  • longitudinal layer: outer
  • oblique fibers:present deep to the circular layer
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21
Q

serous membrane/ coat

A

surrounds digestive organs and the parietal peritoneum

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22
Q

tunica adventitia

A

layer of connective tissue associated with the surface of the digestive canal

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23
Q

oral cavity

A

initial part of the alimentary canal

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24
Q

oral vestibule

A

portion of the oral cavity located outside the teeth and gums.

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25
Q

upper lip

A

the lip above the opening of the mouth

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26
Q

superior labial frenulum

A

medial fold of mucosa on the posterior aspect of the upper lip.

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27
Q

lower lip

A

lip below the rima oris

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28
Q

inferior labial frenulum

A

media fold of the mucosa on the posterior aspect of the inferior lip

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29
Q

oral cavity proper

A

oral cavity inside the teeth

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30
Q

hard palate

A

anterosuperior part of the cavity, composed of bone and harden octopus membrane

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31
Q

transverse palatine folds

A

the mucosa lining the anterior portion of the hard palate

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32
Q

soft palate

A

-closing off the nasal part of the pharynx during the act of swallowing.
moveable and composed of 5 skeletal muscles, glandular epithelium, connective tissue and mucous membrane.

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33
Q

palatine uvula

A

median, conical projection from the posterior border of the soft palate

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34
Q

palatopharyngeal arch

A

left and right posteriorly oriented mucosal fold

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35
Q

palatoglossal arch

A

left & right anteriorly oriented mucosal fold from the palatine uvula to the tongue

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36
Q

sublingual folds

A

left & right linear elevations of mucosa under the tongue

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37
Q

sublingual caruncle

A

opening of the submandibular ducts- allows saliva and mucous to enter the oral cavity proper

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38
Q

incisive papilla

A

short median ridge

-gets roasted by the pizza cheese

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39
Q

gums

A

portions of the oral mucosa surrounding the teeth

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40
Q

tongue

A

muscular organ

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41
Q

Tip (apex) of the tongue

A

anterior portion of the tongue

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42
Q

body of the tongue

A

the main horizontal portion of the tongue between apex and root of the tongue

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43
Q

root of the tongue

A

posterior part of the tongue

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44
Q

lingal frenulum

A

the median fold of mucosa that attaches the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity

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45
Q

parotid gland

A

salivary gland located anterior to the ace of each ear

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46
Q

sublingual gland

A

located in the floor of the oral cavity on each side of the median plane

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47
Q

submandibular gland

A

salivary gland located in the area adjacent to the angle of the mandible

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48
Q

teeth

A

a tooth has 3 major external parts

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49
Q

crown of a toot

A

visible portion that projects from the gums

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50
Q

root of a tooth

A

embedded portion which occupies a dental alveolus in a maxilla

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51
Q

periodontium

A

connective tissue, anchors each tooth in its socket

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52
Q

neck of tooth

A

portion of a tooth at the junction of the crown and root

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53
Q

enamel

A

covers the crown of a tooth, hardest substance in the body

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54
Q

cementum

A

envelops the root of a tooth, bone like connective tissue

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55
Q

pulp cavity of a tooth

A

hollow space surrounded by dentin and filled with dental pulp

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56
Q

canal of the root of a tooth

A

channel by which vessels and nerves enter ad leave the pulp cavity

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57
Q

dental pulp

A

soft tissue

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58
Q

superior dental arch

A

the eight upper right and eight upper left teeth

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59
Q

inferior dental arch

A

the eight lower and the eight lower left teeth

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60
Q

incisor teeth

A

for teeth adjacent to the median plane

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61
Q

canine teeth

A

teeth posterior tot he incisor teeth (4 total)

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62
Q

premolar teeth

A

teeth posterolateral to each canine tooth (8 total)

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63
Q

molar teeth

A

the last three teeth on each side of dental arch

64
Q

wisdom tooth

A

last molar teeth on each dental arch

65
Q

permanent dental formulas

A

2[I2/2, CI/I, P2/2, M3/3]= 32

I=incisor, C= canine, P premolar, M= molar

66
Q

deciduous dental formula

A

2[I2/2, CI/I, M2/2]= 20 or 2[I2/2, CI/I, P0/0, M2/2]= 20

67
Q

occlusal surface of a tooth

A

the the surface that faces the opposite dental arch

68
Q

lingual surface of a toothe

A

surface adjacent to the tongue

69
Q

palatal surface of tooth

A

the lingual surface on the superior teeth

70
Q

vestibular surface of a tooth

A

the surface oriented toward the oral vestibule

71
Q

buccal surface of a tooth

A

the more posterior teeth- to the cheek

72
Q

approximate surface of the tooth

A

faces adjacent teeth in the same dental arch “the dental floss” area

73
Q

mesial surface of a tooth

A

surface that is oriented toward the edian plane

74
Q

distal surface of a tooth

A

the opposite approximate surface is the distal surface of the tooth

75
Q

gullet

A

the passageway connecting the oral cavity and pharynx

76
Q

tonsillar fossa

A

depression in the lateral wall of the pharynx between the palatoglossal and platopharyngeal arches

77
Q

pharynx

A

passageway serves both the digestive nd respiratory system

78
Q

nasal part of the pharynx

A

positioned above the level of the soft palate

79
Q

oral part of the pharynx

A

located directly posterior to the gullet

80
Q

laryngeal part of the pharynx

A

extends inferiorly to the opening of the esophagus and positioned posterior the superior part of the larynx

81
Q

esophagus

A

musculomembranous tube about 25cm in length that connects the laryngeal of the pharynx to the stomach

82
Q

stomach

A

storage organ

83
Q

gastric folds

A

the mocosa of the stomach has large folds

84
Q

greater curvature of the stomach

A

the outside lateral perimeter of the stomach

85
Q

lesser curvature of the stomach

A

the inside medial perimeter of the stomach

86
Q

cardiac part of the stomach

A

adjacent to and surrounding the cardiac opening where the esophagus enters

87
Q

fundus of the stomach

A

the portion of the stomach which bulges above and tot he left of the vertical line thought entrence of the esophagus

88
Q

body of the stomach

A

positioned between the fundus and the pyloric part

89
Q

pyloric part of the stomach

A

the last third of the stomach that funnels down to join the pylorus

90
Q

pyloric antrum

A

distal to the body and proximal to the pyloric canal

91
Q

pyloric canal

A

terminal end of the pyloric part of the stomach

92
Q

pylorus of the stomach

A

junction of the stomach with the duodenum

93
Q

pyloric opening

A

entryway from the lumen of the pyloric anal to the pylorus

94
Q

pyloric sphincter muscle

A

is a modification (thickening) of the circular layer of a smooth

95
Q

small intestine

A

averages about 6.5 meters in length

96
Q

duodenum

A

initial 25-30 cm of small intestine

97
Q

superior part of the duodenum

A

the initial

98
Q

superior duodenal flexure

A

the bend where the superior part of the duodenum turns 180

99
Q

descending part of the duodenum

A

portion of the duodenum between the superior and inferior duodenal flexures

100
Q

major duodenal papilla

A

projection from the luminal wall on which the hepatopancreatic ampulla opens

101
Q

minor duodenal papilla

A

projection from the luminal wall

102
Q

inferior duodenal papilla

A

the bend where the descending part of the duodenum turns 90 to the left to become horizontal part

103
Q

horizontal part of the duodenum

A

transversely oriented portion of the duodenum

104
Q

ascending part of the duodenum

A

portion of the duodenum between the horizontal part and the duodenojejunal flexure

105
Q

duodenojejunal flexure

A

the bend at the superior aspect of the ascending part of the duodenum that marks the junction of the duodenum and jejunum

106
Q

jejunum

A

portion of small intestine that extends between the duodenum and ileum

107
Q

ileum

A

the terminal portion of the intestine

108
Q

large intestine

A

about 1.5 meters long

109
Q

taeniae of the colon

A

tree longitudinal bands of smooth muscle that are visible on the surface of the colon

110
Q

sacculations of the colon

A

the colic bulges that from due to the presence of the taeniae coli

111
Q

epiploic appendages of the colon

A

peritoneal covered tabs of fat attaches assist in removing fluid from the chyme

112
Q

cecum

A

the blind-ended portion of the large intestine that projects below the entry of the ileum

113
Q

vermiform appendiz

A

a blind-ended tube about 6 to 9 cm long

114
Q

colon

A

portion of the large intestine between cecum and rectum

115
Q

ascending colon

A

initial portion which is directed superiorly along the right side of the abdominal cavity

116
Q

right colic flexure

A

the 90 bend where the ascending colon turns to the left to become the transverse colon

117
Q

transverse colon

A

the horizontally-oriented segment of the colon between the right colic flexure and the left colic flexure.

118
Q

left colic flexure

A

90 bend where transverse colon turns inferiorly to become the descending colon

119
Q

descending colon

A

inferiorly- directed segment of colon coursing down along the left side of the abdominal cavity

120
Q

sigmoid colon

A

tortuous terminal segment of the colon within the pelvis

121
Q

rectum

A

straight portion of the large intestine 15 cm long

122
Q

anal canal

A

the terminal portion of the large intestine about 2.5 cm long

123
Q

anus

A

the terminal opening of the anal canal

124
Q

liver

A

the largest gland and largest internal organ in the body

125
Q

diaphragmatic surface of the liver

A

superior aspect of the liver

126
Q

visceral surface of the liver

A

inferior aspect of the liver

127
Q

hepatic porta

A

central indentation on the visceral surface

128
Q

right lobe of the liver

A

the largest liver lobe tot he right of the hepatic porta

129
Q

left lobe of the liver

A

largest liver lobe to the left of the hepatic porta

130
Q

quadrate lobe of the liver

A

smallest lobe of the liver

131
Q

caudate lobe of the liver

A

the posterosuperior to the hepatic porta

132
Q

gallbladder

A

a storage organ for the bile produced by the liver

133
Q

gunds of the gallbladder

A

dilated inferior portion

134
Q

body of the gallbladder

A

portion superior to the fundus

135
Q

neck of the gallbladder

A

portion superior to the fundus

136
Q

cystic duct

A

channel that carries bile to/ from the neck of the gallbladder

137
Q

left hepatic duct

A

the main bile drainage from the left side of the liver

138
Q

right hepatic duct

A

the main bile drainage from the right side of the liver

139
Q

common hepatic duct

A

the vessel formed by joining of the right and left hepatic ducts

140
Q

bile duct

A

duct formed by the joining of the cystic and common hepatic ducts

141
Q

hepatopancreatic ampulla

A

dilation after the junction of the bile duct and the pancreatic duct

142
Q

pancreas

A

gland that is positioned along the superior aspect of the horizontal part of the duodenum

143
Q

head of the pancreas

A

rounded, right end of the pancreas

144
Q

neck of the pancreas

A

part between the head and the body of the pancreas

145
Q

body of the pancreas

A

extends to the left from the head of the pancreas

146
Q

tail of the pancreas

A

tapered end to the left of the body of the pancreas

147
Q

pancreatic duct

A

the larger of the two ducts

148
Q

accessory pancreatic duct

A

located mostly in the head of the pancreas

149
Q

peritoneum

A

serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs

150
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

lines the inner surface of the abdominal wall an attaches to various organs in the abdomen and pelvis

151
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

covers the surfaces of the organs within the abdominal and pelvic cavities

152
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

the potential space between the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum

153
Q

greater omentum

A

double layer of peritoneum attaching to the greater curvature of the stomach and extending to the transverse colon

154
Q

lesser omentum

A

double layer of the peritoneum extending from the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver and duodenum

155
Q

mesentery

A

double layer of peritoneum between the posterior abdominal wall and the jejunum and ileum

156
Q

mesocolon

A

double layer of peritoneum attaching the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

157
Q

falciform ligament

A

double layer of peritoneum extending to the diaphragmatic surface of the liver from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall

Anatomy lab (15 decks)

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