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Anatomy lab > Unit 2- basic Osteology and Bones of the Superior limb > Flashcards

Unit 2- basic Osteology and Bones of the Superior limb Flashcards

1
Q

Bone tissue [ textus osseous]

A

one of the specialized connective tissues. consists of bone cells and extracellular matrix composed of fibers, ground substance and mineral

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2
Q

Osteoblasts [osteoblastocytus]

A

relatively active and secrete the collagenous fibers and the amorphic glucoproteinaceous ground substance

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3
Q

osteocytes

A

studio apt “the space the tunnels”

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4
Q

osteoclasts

A

remodel bone by drilling

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5
Q

osseous lacunae

A

studio apt (the space)

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6
Q

osseous canaliculi

A

“tunnels” connecting the space

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7
Q

osteonal lamellae/ concentric lamellae of an osteon

A

lamellae- ring

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8
Q

osteon

A

unit of bone tissue, @ least one ring and central canal

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9
Q

external circumferential lamellae

A

around outside of bone

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10
Q

internal circumferential lamellae

A

around inside bone (not found in growing long bones)

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11
Q

interstitial lamellae

A

chunks of lamellae and don’t have central canal

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12
Q

compact bone tissue

A

dense

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13
Q

spongy bone tissue

A

looks like a sponge to give strength and make it light

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14
Q

periosteum

A

located around outside of bone

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15
Q

endosteum

A

located inside bone

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16
Q

articular cartilage

A

cartilage that covers and protects articulating surfaces of bones

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17
Q

nutrient canals

A

located inside bone and vessels travel around

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18
Q

nutrient foramen

A

hole, which allows vessels to enter bone through the outside

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19
Q

long bones

A

humerus, radius, ulna and bones of hands and pes. 88 bones total

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20
Q

short bones

A

wrist (16 total) and ancle (14 total)

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21
Q

flat bones

A

clavicles, scapulae, hip bones, ribs, sternum

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22
Q

irregular bones

A

bones of the head, auditory ossicles, mandible, hyoid bone

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23
Q

sesamoid bones

A

knee cap (patela) 2 base of toe and 2 on thumb

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24
Q

epiphysis

A

the end of a long bone

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25
Q

diaphysis

A

the body (shaft) of a long bone

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26
Q

metaphysis

A

where the growing is happening

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27
Q

axial skeleton

A

bones of the head, vertebral column, ribs and sternum

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28
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

bones of the free part of the limbs and includes the clavicle and scapula of the pectoral girdle and hip bones of the pelvic girdle

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29
Q

free parts of the limbs

A

protrude from the trunk

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30
Q

pectoral girdle

A

bony support for the free parts o the superior limbs

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31
Q

pelvic girdle

A

inferior limbs

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32
Q

clavicle

A

elongated flat bone that forms the only direct skeletal connection between the axial skeleton and the superior limb

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33
Q

infraspinous fossa of the scapula

A

“depression”

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34
Q

acromion of the scapula

A
  • on the spine
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35
Q

humerus

A

largest bone in the superior limb

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36
Q

greater tubercle of the humerus

A

biggest bump on the humerus head

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37
Q

lesser tubercle of the humerus

A

smaller pump on the humerus head

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38
Q

radius

A

laterally positioned long bone within the antebrachium

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39
Q

ulna

A

medially positioned long bone within the antebrachium

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40
Q

carpal bones

A

8 short bones that form the skeleton within the wrist

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41
Q

metacarpal bone

A

5 long bones that from the skeletal support of the metacarpus

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42
Q

proximal phalanx of a finger

A

closest to a metacarpal bone

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43
Q

middle phalanx of a finger

A

between a proximal and distal phalanx in a digit

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44
Q

distal phalanx of a finger

A

phalanx associated with the tip of the digit

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45
Q

sesamoid bones

A

two small sesamoid bones located at the base of each proximal phalanx of the thumb

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46
Q

central canal

A

central hole inside oseonal lamellae

47
Q

medullary cavity

A

space that solid cortical bone tissue of nearly all bones surrounds

48
Q

physes or epiphyseal cartilages

A

glues the epiphysis to the metaphysis

49
Q

sternal extremity of the clavicle

A

pointed structures

50
Q

acromial extremity of the clavicle

A

flattened lateral portion of the clavicle that articulates with the acromion the scapula

51
Q

conoid tubercle of the clavicle

A

posteroinferior

52
Q

scapula

A

flat bone with 2 major surfaces

53
Q

anterior or costal surface of the scapula

A

anterior surface

54
Q

posterior surface of the scapula

A

posterior aspect

55
Q

spine of the scapula

A

large ridge which unevenly divides the posterior surfaces of the scapula

56
Q

supraspinous fossa of the scapula

A

depressed area superior to the spine

57
Q

acromion of the scapula

A

lateral end of scapular spine

58
Q

superior border of the scapula

A

fairly straight edge

59
Q

scapular notch

A

indentation in the superior border near coracoid process

60
Q

medial border of the scapular

A

see picture

61
Q

lateral border of the scapula

A

see picture

62
Q

superior angle of the scapula

A

see picture

63
Q

lateral angle of the scapula

A

see picture

64
Q

inferior angle of the scapula

A

see picture

65
Q

glenoid cavity of the scapula

A

depressed articular surface

66
Q

coracoid process of the scapula

A

see picture

67
Q

neck of the scapula

A

see picture

68
Q

head of the humerus

A

see picture

69
Q

anatomic neck of the humerus

A

see picture

70
Q

surgical neck of the humerus

A

see picture

71
Q

intertubercular groove of the humerus

A

see picture

72
Q

deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

A

see picture

73
Q

condyle of the humerus

A

see picture

74
Q

capitulum of the humeral condyle

A

little head- connects to antibranchii

75
Q

trochlea of the humeral condyle

A

see picture

76
Q

medial epicondyle of the humerus

A

see picture

77
Q

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

A

see picture

78
Q

medial supracondylar crest of the humerus

A

see picture

79
Q

lateral spracondylar crest of the humerus

A

see picture

80
Q

olecranon fossa of the humerus

A

see picture

81
Q

coronoid fossa of the humerus

A

see picture

82
Q

radial fossa of the humerus

A

see picture

83
Q

head of the radius

A

see picture

84
Q

neck of the radius

A

see picture

85
Q

radial tuberosity

A

see picture

86
Q

interosseous border of the radius

A

see picture

87
Q

carpal articular surface of the radius

A

see picture

88
Q

styloid process of the radius

A

see picture

89
Q

ulnar notch of the radius

A

see picture

90
Q

olecranon of the ulna

A

see picture

91
Q

trochlear notch of the ulna

A

see picture

92
Q

coronoid process of the ulna

A

see picture

93
Q

radial notch of the ulna

A

see picture

94
Q

interosseous border of the ulna

A

see picture

95
Q

head of the ulna

A

see picture

96
Q

styloid process of the ulna

A

see picture

97
Q

scaphoid bone

A

1 see picture

98
Q

lunate bone

A

2 see picture

99
Q

triquetral bone

A

3 see picture

100
Q

pisiform bone

A

4 see picture

101
Q

trapezium bone

A

8 see picture

102
Q

trapezoid bone

A

7 see picture

103
Q

capitate bone

A

6 see picture

104
Q

hamate bone

A

5 see picture

105
Q

hamulus (hook) of the hamate bone

A

an anterior projection that forms part of the carpal groove

106
Q

base of a metacarpal bone

A

proximal epiphysis

107
Q

body of metacarpal bone

108
Q

head of a metacarpal bone

A

distal epiphysis

109
Q

phalanges/ bones of the digits

A

long bones form skeletal support of the digits

110
Q

base of a phalanx

A

proximal epiphysis

111
Q

body of phalanx

112
Q

head of phalanx

A

distal epiphysis of each proximal and middle phalanx

113
Q

tuberosity of the distal phalanx

A

widen process at the distal end of each distal phalanx ( instead of head)

Anatomy lab (15 decks)

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