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Anatomy lab > Unit 1- Introduction To Anatomy > Flashcards

Unit 1- Introduction To Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

(To cut apart) many body parts are easier to study when they are cut from the body

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2
Q

Terminologia Anatomica (TA)

A

A list of proper (official) anatomical names to combat the confusion

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3
Q

Normal anatomic position

A

The body is standing erect with the head and feet directly forward

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4
Q

Sagittal plane [planum sagittalis]

A

Any vertically oriented plane that divides the body into right and left portions

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5
Q

Median plane [planum medianus]

A

Sagittal plane that courses through the anterior (front) and posterior (back) midlines of the body

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6
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane [planum frontalis/ coronalis ]

A

Any vertically oriented plane perpendicular to the median plane which divides the body Into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

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7
Q

Medial [medialis]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the median plane

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8
Q

Lateral [lateralis]

A

Away from or relatively farther from the median plane

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9
Q

Posterior [posterior]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the backside of the body

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10
Q

Anterior [anterior]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the front side of the body

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11
Q

Superior [superior]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the top of the head

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12
Q

Inferior [inferior]

A

Away from or relatively farther from the top of the of the head

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13
Q

Proximal [proximalis]

A

Toward or relatively closer to a reference point.

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14
Q

Distal [distalis]

A

Away from or relatively farther from a reference point

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15
Q

Transverse plane [ planum transversus]

A

Any horizontally oriented plane that divides the head, neck, trunk or limbs into the superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

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16
Q

Superficial/ external [superficiallis, externus]

A

Near or relatively closer to the outer aspect (surface) of the body or part.

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17
Q

Deep, Internal [profundus, internus]

A

Near or relatively closer to the central aspects of the body or part

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18
Q

Dorsal [dorsalis]

A

Toward or relatively close to the back

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19
Q

Ventral [ventralis]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the “belly”

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20
Q

Palmar/ volar [palmaris/ volaris]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the anterior aspect of the hand (The side where the palm is located)

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21
Q

Plantar [plantaris]

A

Toward or relatively closer to the sole (Underside) of foot were is synonymous with inferior

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22
Q

Middle [medius]

A

A position between superior/ inferior, anterior/Posterior, space proximal/distal or superficial/deep

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23
Q

Intermediate [ intermedius]

A

A “ side to side” position between medial and lateral structures

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24
Q

Radial [radialis]

A

Radial implies toward or relatively closer to the lateral aspect of the entire superior limb

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25
Q

Ulnar [ulnaris]

A

Ulnar implies toward or relatively closer to the medial aspect of the entire superior limb

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26
Q

Tibial [tibialis]

A

Tibial Implies toward or relatively closer to the medial side of the inferior limb

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27
Q

Fibular/ peroneal [fibularis/ peronealis]

A

Fibular implies toward or relatively closer to the lateral aspect of the inferior Limb

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28
Q

Longitudinal [longitudinalis]

A

Parallel to the long axis of an elongated structure (lengthwise)

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29
Q

Transverse [transversus]

A

Perpendicular to the long axis of an elongated structure (across)

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30
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Indicates a structure or position on the same side of the body

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31
Q

Contralateral

A

Contralateral implies Opposition on the opposite side of the body

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32
Q

Right [dexter]

A

On the right hand side of the body

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33
Q

Left [sinister]

A

On the left side of the body

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34
Q

Central [centralis]

A

Towards the center

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35
Q

Peripheral [peripheralis]

A

Away from the center

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36
Q

Vertical [verticalis]

A

Within a sagittal or frontal plane

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37
Q

Horizontal [horizontalis]

A

Within a transverse plane

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38
Q

Caput

A

(Head) The superior extremity of the body that is supported by the neck. it is subdivided by the cranium and ..

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39
Q

Cranium

A

(Cranium) The portion of the head that surrounds and houses the brain (braincase)

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40
Q

Cubitus

A

(Elbow) The portion of the superior limb at the junction of the brachium and the antebrachium

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41
Q

Antebrachium

A

(Forearm) The portion of the superior limb between the elbow and the wrist “the lower arm”

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42
Q

Manus

A

(Hand) The distal portion of the superior limb beyond the forearm. It is subdivided into wrist, metacarpus and digits

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43
Q

Carpus

A

(Wrist) The proximal part of the hand. It contains the eight carpal bones

44
Q

Metacarpus

A

(Metacarpus) The portion of the hand between the wrist and the digits. It contains 5 metacarpal bones

45
Q

Digiti manus

A

(Digits of the hand) The five movable Extensions forming the distal part of the manus. Digits are numbered 1-5 beginning with the thumb.

46
Q

Digitus primus, pollex

A

(first digit) lateral most finger

47
Q

Digitus secundus, index

A

Second digit the finger medial to the thumb

48
Q

Digitus tertius lll, digitus medius

A

Third digit the long axis of the limb goes through this finger

49
Q

Digitus quartus lV digitus anularis

A

Fourth digit or ring finger the finger lateral to the little finger

50
Q

Digitus quintus V, Digitus minimus

A

Fifth digit or a little finger the medial most finger

51
Q

Membrum inferioris

A

(Inferior Limb) the paired lower limb of the body. Each is divided into five major parts

52
Q

Coxa

A

(Hip) the junction of the inferior limb with the truck

53
Q

Femur

A

(Thigh) The upper leg consisting of the part of the inferior extremely between the hip and the knee
Bone is known as the os femoris (femur bone)

54
Q

Genu

A

(Knee) The portion of the inferior limb at the junction of the thigh and Crus

55
Q

Crus

A

The lower leg.

The portion of the inferior land between the genu (knee) and the tarsus ( ankle)

56
Q

Sura

A

(Calf) The posterior, proximal part of the crus

57
Q

Pes

A

(Foot) The distal portion of the inferior limb beyond the crus. It’s subdivided into the ankle, Metatarsus and the digits

58
Q

Tarsus

A

(Ankle) The proximal part of the pes (foot) which contains the seven tarsal bones

59
Q

Metatarsus

A

( metatarsus) The portion of the pes so (foot) between the tarsus ( ankle) and the digits that contain the five metatarsal

60
Q

Digiti pes

A

(Digits of the foot, toes) The five terminal extremities comparison in the distal portion of the foot.

61
Q

Digitus primus, hallux

A

(First digit or big toe) the medial most toe

62
Q

Digitus secundus

A

(Second digit or toe) the toe directly lateral to the big toe.

63
Q

Digitus tertius

A

(Third digit) middle toe

64
Q

Digitus quartus

A

(Fourth digit) the toe lateral to the middle toe

65
Q

Digitus quintus V Digitus minimus

A

(Fifth digit or little toe) the lateral most toe

66
Q

Frons/ sinciput

A

(Forehead) is the anterior aspect of the cranium or brow

67
Q

Occiput

A

(Occiput) is the posterior aspect of the cranium

68
Q

Vertex

A

(Crown) refers to the upper most point on the head

69
Q

Tempus

A

(Temple) is the side of the head posterior to the eye and anterior to the ear

70
Q

Auris

A

(Ear) Is the organ of the hearing and equilibrium. It includes the external ear as well as the middle and the internal portions

71
Q

Facies

A

(Face) The anterior aspect of the head

72
Q

Oculus

A

(Eye) is the visual organ consisting of the eyeball, eyelids, and several accessory structures house within the bony orbit

73
Q

Nasus

A

(Nose) Is the anteromedian projection from the face through which we breathe

74
Q

os

A

(Mouth) is the initial part of the digestive system

75
Q

Bucca

A

(Cheek) The soft tissue below each eye that encloses the oral cavity literally

76
Q

Mentum

A

(Chin) is the inferior median protuberance of the head

77
Q

Collum

A

(Neck) The structure that connects to head to the trunk

78
Q

Regio cervicales posterior / nucha

A

(posterior aspect forward/region (nape)) The posterior aspect or “scruff” of the neck

79
Q

Regio cervicales anterior / cervix

A

Front of neck
( anterior aspect/region of the neck or cervix) is the anterior aspect of the neck.
Used alone, cervix refers to the anterior part of the neck. The term is also used to refer to the narrowed portion of some structures (cervix of uterus).

80
Q

Truncus

A

(Trunk) The central portion of the body to which the neck and the limbs attached, it includes the back, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis

81
Q

Dorsum

A

(Back) The posterior aspect of the trunk

82
Q

Thorax/ pectus

A

( thorax/ chest) the superior aspect of the anterior portion of the trunk

83
Q

Abdomen

A

(Abdomen) the portion of the trunk immediately inferior to the ribs

84
Q

Pelvis

A

(Pelvis) the portion of the trunk inferior to the abdomen

85
Q

Membrum superioris

A

(Superior limb) the part upper limb of the body each is divided into five major parts

86
Q

Regio deltoideus

A

(Deltoid region/ shoulder) The portion of the superior limb which attaches to the thorax

87
Q

Brachium

A

(Arm) The proximal portion of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow ( upper arm)

88
Q

Cell [cellula]

A

Is composed of a cytoplasm and nucleus and a cell membrane

89
Q

Tissue [textus]

A

Is composed of groups of similar kinds of cells in their extracellular products there are four basic types of tissue

90
Q

Muscle tissue [textus muscularis]

A

Contractile tissue

91
Q

Epithelial tissue [textus epitheliais]

A

Tissue that covers part of the body and some tissue that secretes

92
Q

Connective tissue [textus connectivus]

A

Uniting tissue

93
Q

Nervous tissue [textus nervosus]

A

Conducting tissue

94
Q

Organs systems [organa]

A

Specific parts of the body formed by two or more tissues

95
Q

Systems [systemata]

A

Groups of organs with structural and functional into relationships form systems

96
Q

Digestive (alimentary) system

A

Oral cavity, teeth, tongue,gullet, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and accessory digestive organs (Salivary glands, Pancreas, liver and gallbladder)

97
Q

Respiratory system

A

Nose, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs

98
Q

Urinary system

A

Kidneys, Ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

99
Q

Male reproductive system or male genital system

A

Testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, penis, and accessory sex glands (prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands

100
Q

Female reproductive system or female genital system

A

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and Vulva

101
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Heart, arteries, veins capillaries, and blood (the only liquid tissue is also a major component of the system). Sometimes referred to as the circulatory system

102
Q

Nervous system

A

Brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors

103
Q

Lymphatic or lymphoid system

A

Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic Capillaries, thymus, spleen, tonsils, and subepithelial aggregations of lymphatic nodules

104
Q

Endocrine system

A

The hormone producing organs including the pineal gland pituitary gland thyroid gland parathyroid gland and adrenal gland as well as a group of hormone producing cells and number of other body organs

105
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin (in associated grande) hair, and nails

106
Q

Muscular system

A

Skeletal muscles

107
Q

Skeletal systems

A

Bones

Anatomy lab (15 decks)

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