unit 7 history Flashcards
What were the four main causes of World War One
Militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism
What was the Powder Keg of Europe
The balkans
Why were the Serbs upset with Austria-Hungary
Because they annexed bosnia and herzegovina and they thought they were next
What nationalist/terrorist group plotted the assassination of the Archduke of Austria-Hungary
Black hand
Who was the Archduke of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated and who was the assassin
Franz ferdinand, gavrilo princip
Explain how this assassination led to World War One
when austria hears about the assassination austria declares war on serbia, serbia asks their ally russia for help so russia declares war on austria, austria asks their ally germany for help so germany declares war on russia, then russia asks their ally france for help so france declares war on germany.
Who were the Central Powers during World War One
Germany, austria, ottoman empire, bulgaria
Who were the Allies during World War One at the beginning? Who joined later
Great britain, france, russia, serbia and later US, italy, japan
What type of fighting was done on the Western Front
Trench warfare
.List 4 new or improved weapons used during World War One
planes, flame throwers, tanks, machine guns
Which Allied country withdrew from World War One in 1917
russia
Which Allied country joined the war in 1917
US
What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk do
Treaty saying russia is out of the war
What were two reasons the U.S. joined the war
German submarine sinked a passenger liner called lusitania, zimmerman note
What was the Zimmerman Telegram
Germany was trying to entice Mexico into attacking the U.S.
When was the armistice that ended the fighting in World War One signed
1918
What is a total war
New technologies, and you put all the resources you got into the war
Who were the three Allied countries that negotiated the Treaty of Versailles and who represented each of those countries
US-Woodrow Wilson, france-Georges Clemenceau , great britain-David George
What was President Wilson’s plan for peace called
The fourteen points
What did his first four points do
end of secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, reduced national armies and navies
What did his fourteenth point do
proposed a general association of nations that would protect great and small states alike
.In what four ways did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany
War guilt, pay 31.4 billion, reduce 90% of military, land taken
What three new countries were created from German and Austro-Hungarian territories
Poland, czechoslovakia, yugoslavia
In what way was the effect of industrialization different in Russia when compared to the U.S. and Western Europe
Unions were outlawed, Revolutionary movements compete for power
What was Bloody Sunday
200,000 workers and their families protested at the Czar’s winter palace in St. Petersburg
What was the result of Bloody Sunday
Soldiers fired into the crowd killing and wounding several hundred, More protests spread across Russia
What group overthrew the provision government in Russia in Oct/Nov 1917
bolsheviks
What author’s ideas was this group from #27 inspired by
Marxist revolutionaries
Who was the leader of this group from #27
Vladimir lenin
Who became the dictator of the Soviet Union in 1929
Joseph stalin
.What and when was the Great Terror
Campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened Stalin’s power, 1937
What is a command economy
a system in which the government makes all economic decisions
What were the Five Year Plans
Set impossibly high quotas for the steel, coal, oil, electrical industries, Government limited the production of consumer goods, People faced severe shortages of housing, food, clothing and other basic necessities
.What was the result of the Five Year Plans on the lives of the people
If the goals were not met managers were killed, and famine
What did Stalin do to the agricultural industry in the Soviet Union
Government seized over 25 million privately owned farms and combined them into collective farms
Why was China unhappy with the Treaty of Versailles
Because they hoped to get their independence in the treaty from germany but it was just control again but by japan
What was May the Fourth Movement in China
Anti-imperialist movement that wanted to restore China’s sovereignty
Why was India upset with Great Britain after World War One
They did not get their independence
Who led the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in India after World War One
Gandhi
What two southwest Asian countries took control of their own countries after World War One
Turkey, persia
The discovery of what natural resource in other southwest Asian countries led to a great deal of western interest in those areas
oil
What were three reasons that the Weimar Republic wasn’t successful
No strong democratic tradition in Germany, Too many political parties and no unity, massive unemployment
What was the financial crisis of the 1920s and 1930s called? What brought the U.S. into that crisis? What will finally end the financial crisis
Great depression, stock market crashed, world war two
What is fascism
Militant political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader above everything else
Who was the leader of the Fascist Party in Italy? How did he gain power? What did he call himself
Mussolini, march on rome, ll duce
What was the fascist party in Germany called? Who became its leader?
Nazi party, adolf hitler
What was the Beer Hall Putsch
Attempts to overthrow the local government in Munich, fails, is convicted of treason and jailed
What goals and beliefs did Hitler write about in “Mein Kampf”
Asserted that Germans are the “master race” and that Jews are “parasites” that must be eliminated, Versailles Treaty an outrage and a betrayal of Germany, Vows to regain German lands, Gain Lebensraum by conquering Eastern Europe, Wants revenge against France
What office was Hitler legally given in 1933
chancellor
How did Hitler use the Reichstag fire to his advantage
Hitler blamed the fire on the Communists, Hitler declares emergency powers which suspended the German constitution, he is now the dictator
What is anti-Semitism
You don’t like the jews and you want to get rid of them
.Give four examples of how the Nazis controlled all aspects of life in Germany
Press, radio, literature, painting and film become propaganda tools, Book burnings, Churches were forbidden from criticizing the Nazis, Hitler Youth and League of German Girls
Who will gain control over the Japanese government during the 1920s
military
How did the group from #53 believe their economic problems could be solved
foreign expansion
What country did Japan invade in 1931? In 1937
Manchuria, china
What African country was invaded in 1935 and by whom
Ethiopia, mussolini
What was the first thing Hitler did that went against the Treaty of Versailles
Sent troops into the rhineland
.List in order the 4 areas that Hitler took over starting in March 1936
Rhineland, austria, sudetenland, czechoslovakia
What was the policy of appeasement and who used it
A policy to keep everybody happy and at peace, france great britain
What was the alliance between Hitler and Mussolini called
What country was added later on? Rome-Berlin Axis, japan
.Who were the two sides in the Spanish Civil War? Who won
Spanish fascists and the spanish government
Who became the fascist dictator of Spain
Fransisco Franco
What happened at the Munich Conference in 1938
Neville Chamberlain of Britain and Eduard Daladier of France agree to let Hitler have the Sudetenland as long as he promised to respect the new borders
.What two countries signed a nonaggression pact in 1939? What was the agreement
Germany and russia, Agree not to fight each other and Agree to divide Poland, the Baltic countries and the Scandinavian countries between them
