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Question 1

What is an absolute monarch

Answer 1

hold all the power within their state’s boundaries

Question 2

What is Divine Right

Answer 2

God created the monarchy and the monarch acted as God’s representative on Earth

Question 3

Why did Spain expel the Jews and Muslims

Answer 3

They thought they had to much economic influence over the kingdoms

Question 4

Why was expelling the Jews and Muslims a problem for Spain in the long run

Answer 4

They began importing more than exporting

Question 5

Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain

Answer 5

High taxes, and unemployment

Question 6

Who were the Huguenots

Answer 6

French protestants

Question 7

What did the Edict of Nantes do

Answer 7

declared that Huguenots could live in peace in France and set up their own houses of worship in some cities

Question 8

What was the name of Louis XIV’s palace and what did he call himself

Answer 8

Versailles, the sun king

Question 9

What were 3 results of the Peace of Westphalia

Answer 9

Ended the Thirty Years’ War and recognized that Europe was a group of independent states. It abandoned the idea that Europe was a catholic empire.

Question 10

Give 3 beliefs of Frederick the Great that make him an Enlightened Despot

Answer 10

Believed that being a ruler was a duty, Practiced religious toleration and outlawed judicial torture, Did not want the German speaking people unified

Question 11

Who were the boyars

Answer 11

Russian nobles

Question 12

What dynasty will rule Russia for 300 years

Answer 12

romanovs

Question 13

What Russian czar wanted to westernize Russia

Answer 13

Peter the great

Question 14

Why were Puritans and Scots rebelling against Charles I

Answer 14

Because he is trying to get everybody to follow the anglican church

Question 15

What did Charles I try to do to the leaders of Parliament and what was the result

Answer 15

He tried to arrest the leaders but they were already gone

Question 16

Who fought in the English Civil War and who did each side support

Answer 16

Charles l and parliament, those supporting charles l and those supporting parliament

Question 17

Who won the English Civil War

Answer 17

parliament

Question 18

What happened to Charles I and why is it significant

Answer 18

He was executed, he was the first european monarch to be executed

Question 19

Who is the new leader of England after the English Civil War

Answer 19

Oliver cromwell

Question 20

What is Restoration

Answer 20

Restored the English monarchy, but not absolutism

Question 21

What does the writ of habeas corpus do

Answer 21

Every prisoner has the right to be brought before a judge to specify the charges against him, and the judge then decides if the prisoner is set free or faces trial

Question 22

What is the Glorious Revolution

Answer 22

William and Mary led an army to England to overthrow James II and James fled to France and did not fight; it is known as the bloodless revolution because nobody died.

Question 23

List 5 things guaranteed in the English Bill of Rights

Answer 23

Parliament must approve of taxes, no cruel or unusual punishment, Parliament must approve raising an army, freedom to bear arms for self-defense, freedom from royal interference with the law

Question 24

What is the heliocentric theory and who originally proposed it

Answer 24

The Sun is at the center and the Earth revolves around the Sun, Nicholas Copernicus

Question 25

Who was brought before the Inquisition for supporting the heliocentric theory

Answer 25

galileo

Question 26

For what idea is Johannes Kepler credited

Answer 26

Planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun

Question 27

For what method is Francis Bacon credited

Answer 27

The Scientific Method

Question 28

Who came up with the 3 laws of motion and calculus

Answer 28

Issac newton

Question 29

Define Enlightenment

Answer 29

A new intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought, and the power of individuals to solve problems

Question 30

According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the social contract

Answer 30

People hand over their rights to a strong ruler in exchange for law and order

Question 31

List 4 of John Locke’s views on government

Answer 31

Natural rights to live, liberty, and poverty. Government derives its from the people, People create government to protect their rights, People have the right and duty to overthrow a government that does not protect their rights

Question 32

What is Rationalism

Answer 32

method of understanding the world based on using reason to gain knowledge

Question 33

Who influenced James Madison on creating a government with a separation of powers

Answer 33

montesquieu

Question 34

Who pushed for more rights for women in education and society

Answer 34

Mary wollstonecraft

Question 35

What is deism

Answer 35

Belief in God based on reason rather than revelation or the teaching of any specific religion

Question 36

What did “Common Sense” argue and who wrote it

Answer 36

arguing it was common sense that the colonies should be independent, thomas paine

Question 37

Who influenced Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence

Answer 37

John locke

Question 38

Who made up the 1st Estate in France? What percentage of the population

Answer 38

Clergy, 1%

Question 39

Who made up the 2nd Estate in France? What percentage of the population

Answer 39

nobles, 2%

Question 40

Who made up the 3rd Estate in France? What percentage of the population

Answer 40

everyone else, 97%

Question 41

Which Estate paid almost all of the taxes in France

Answer 41

third

Question 42

Who were the King and his wife at the beginning of the French Revolution

Answer 42

Louis 16, marie antoinette

Question 43

What was the Estates-General and why were they called together after 175 years

Answer 43

Assembly of representatives from all three Estates, to approve a new tax on the nobility

Question 44

Who created the National Assembly, why and why was it significant

Answer 44

The third estate, it is The beginning of representative government in France

Question 45

What was the Bastille and what happened there

Answer 45

To defend against the rumored attack, citizens stormed the Bastille, a Paris prison, in search of gunpowder

Question 46

What was the Tennis Court Oath

Answer 46

The Third Estate was locked out of their meeting room, the delegates met on the tennis court and vowed to keep meeting until they drafted a constitution and were recognized by the King

Question 47

Who was the leader of the Committee of Public Safety

Answer 47

Maximilian Robespierre

Question 48

What was the time period during the revolution called where over 40,000 people were executed

Answer 48

reign of terror

Question 49

What group became the leaders after the execution of Robespierre

Answer 49

Five men that were moderates

Question 50

Who seized power in 1799

Answer 50

napoleon

Question 51

What is the significance of Napoleon crowning himself emperor in 1804

Answer 51

Signaled that he was more powerful than the Church

Question 52

Why is the Battle of Trafalgar important

Answer 52

The only major battle Napoleon lost, The French fleet was destroyed

Question 53

What was the Continental System

Answer 53

A blockade to prevent all trade and communication between Great Britain and Continental Europe

Question 54

Who fought in the Peninsular War

Answer 54

france and spain

Question 55

How did Napoleon lose most of his soldiers in Russia

Answer 55

Russians used the scorched-earth policy

Question 56

What battle was Napoleon’s final defeat

Answer 56

waterloo

Question 57

What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna

Answer 57

Was a series of meetings called to set up policies to establish long-lasting peace and stability on the European continent

Question 58

List from top to bottom the social classes in Latin American society and explain who was in each class

Answer 58

Peninsulares are people born in spain, creoles are people born in latin america, mestizos and mulattos are about the same, and at the bottom are the indians and slaves

Question 59

Which social class led most of the Latin American revolutions

Answer 59

creoles

Question 60

Who was Simon Bolivar and what did he accomplish

Answer 60

a Venezuelan Creole, Led independence movements against Spain throughout northern South America

Question 61

What did Miguel Hidalgo want to happen as a result of the revolution in Mexico

Answer 61

calling for the end of Spanish rule, for racial equality, and for redistribution of land.

Question 62

Which Latin American revolution was bloodless and from what country did they gain their independence

Answer 62

revolution in brazil, portugal

Question 63

Explain the differences between Conservatives, Liberals and Radicals in Europe.

Answer 63

Conservatives - usually wealthy property owners and nobility, wanted to protect traditional monarchies Liberals - mostly middle-class business leaders and merchants, wanted to give more power to elected parliaments Radicals - favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people

Question 64

What is nationalism

Answer 64

The belief that people’s greatest loyalty should not be to a king or an empire, but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history

Question 65

What is a unification type of nationalist movement and give two examples

Answer 65

Mergers of politically divided, but culturally similar lands, 19th century germany and italy

Question 66

What is a separation type of nationalist movement and give two examples

Answer 66

Culturally distinct group resists being added to a state or tries to break away, Greeks in the Ottoman Empire, French-speaking Canadians

Question 67

What is a state-building type of nationalist movement and give one example

Answer 67

Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture, the U.S.

Question 68

Nationalism will help bring about the end of what three European empires

Answer 68

austrian, russian, ottoman

Question 69

Who was Otto von Bismark and what did he achieve

Answer 69

Prime Minister of Prussia, Realpolitik

Question 70

Why did France lose a large portion of their skilled workers when Louis XIV cancelled the Edict of Nantes

Answer 70

Because they thought they were being persecuted because they were protestant and not catholic so they left.

Question 71

Who influenced James Madison on the belief that people need the freedom of religion

Answer 71

voltaire

Question 72

Who influenced James Madison when he wrote the 8th Amendment that bans cruel and unusual punishment

Answer 72

Cesare beccaria

Question 73

What group did the new constitution that was written by the National Assembly create

Answer 73

legislative assembly

Question 74

What was the new legislature called that was created by the Legislative Assembly

Answer 74

national convention

Question 75

How is the Haitian Revolution different from all the other revolutions that we have talked about ? Was the outcome?

Answer 75

It was a slave revolt, got their independence from france

Question 76

What two European countries will achieve unification in 1871

Answer 76

Germany and italy