Unit 7 Exam Flashcards
A normal cough reflex includes which the following phases?
I. Irritation
II. Inspiration
III. Compression
IV. Expulsion
Irritation, inspiration, compression, and expulsion
Which of the following is/are necessary for normal airway clearance?
I. Patent airway
II. Functional mucociliary escalator
III. Effective cough
Patent airway, functional mucociliary escalator, effective cough
Which of the following can provoke a cough?
I. Anesthesia
II. Foreign bodies
III. Infection
IV. Irritating gases
Foreign bodies, infection, irritating gases
Retention of secretions can result in full or partial airway obstruction. Mucus plugging can result in which of the following?
I. Hypoxemia
II. Atelectasis
III. Shunting
Hypoxemia, atelectasis, and shunting
Which of the following conditions after normal mucociliary clearance?
I. Bronchospasm
II. Cystic fibrosis
III. Ciliary dyskinesia
Cystic fibrosis and ciliary dyskinesia
A condition that can lead to bronchiectasis include all of the following:
I. Chronic airway infection
II. Muscular dystrophy
III. Foreign body aspiration
IV. Obliterative bronchiolitis
Chronic airway infection, foreign body aspiration, and obliterative bronchiolitis
All of the following are goals of bronchial hygiene therapy:
I. Reverse the underlying disease process
II. Help mobilize retained secretion
III. Improve pulmonary gas exchange
IV. Reduce the work of breathing
Help mobilize retained secretion, Improve pulmonary gas exchange, Reduce the work of breathing
Which of the following conditions are associated with chronic production of large volumes of sputum?
I. Bronchiectasis
II. Pulmonary fibrosis
III.Cystic fibrosis
IV. Chronic bronchitis
Bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and chronic bronchitis
All of the following laboratory data are essential in assessing a patient’s need for bronchial hygiene therapy except:
I. Chest radiograph
II. Pulmonary function test
III. Hematology results
IV. ABGs/oxygen saturation
Hematology results
Which of the following clinical signs indicate that a patient is having a problem with retained secretions?
I. Lack of sputum production
II. Labored breathing
III. Development of a fever
IV. Increased inspiratory and expiratory crackles
Lack of sputum production, Labored breathing, Development of a fever, Increased inspiratory and expiratory crackles
All of the following are considered bronchial hygiene therapies except:
I. Postural drainage and percussion
II. Incentive spirometry
III. Positive airway pressure
IV. Percussion, vibration, and oscillation
Incentive Spirometry
The application of gravity to achieve specific clinical objectives in respiratory care best describes which of the following?
Postural drainage therapy
Primary objectives for postural drainage include all of the following expect:
I. Prevent pneumonia
II. Normalize functional residual capacity
III. Help mobilize secretions
IV. Improve V/Q
Normalize functional residual capacity
Absolute contraindications for postural drainage include which of the following?
I. Head and neck injury (until stabilized)
II. Active hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability
III. Uncontrolled airway at risk for aspiration
Head and neck injury (until stabilized), active hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability, uncontrolled airway at risk for aspiration
Which of the following is NOT a hazard or complication of postural drainage therapy?
I. Cardiac arrhythmias
II. Increased intracranial pressure
III. Acute hypotension
IV. Pulmonary barotraumas
Pulmonary barotraumas
In which of the following patients would you consider modifying any head-down positions used for postural drainage?
A patient with unstable blood pressure
A patient with a cerebrovascular disorder
A patient with systemic hypertension
A patient with orthopnea
A patient with unstable blood pressure, a patient with a cerebrovascular disorder, a patient with systemic hypertension, a patient with orthopnea
In setting up postural drainage treatment schedule for a postoperative patient, which of the following information would you try to obtain from the patient’s nurse?
I. Patient’s medication schedule
II. Patient’s meal schedule
III. Location of surgical incision
Patient’s medication schedule, patient’s meal schedule, location of surgical incision
Which of the following are mandatory components of the pre-assessment for postural drainage?
I. Vital signs
II. Bedside pulmonary function tests
III. Auscultation
Vital signs, and auscultation
If a patient’s chest radiograph shows infiltrates in the posterior basal segments of the lower lobes, what postural drainage position would you recommend?
Head down, patient prone with a pillow under abdomen
A physician orders postural drainage for a pattens with an abscess in the right middle lobe, what postural drainage position would you recommend?
Head down, patient half-rotated to left, right lung up
A physician orders postural drainage for a patient with aspiration pneumonia in the superior segment of the left lower lobes, what postural drainage position would you recommend?
Patient prone with a pillow under abdomen, bed flat
A physician orders postural drainage for a patient with aspiration pneumonia in the anterior segments of the upper lobes, what postural drainage position would you recommend?
Patient supine with a pillow under knees, HOB slightly elevated
If tolerated, a specified postural drainage position should be maintained for at least how long?
3 to 15 minutes
During chest physical therapy, a patient has an epidote of hemoptysis. Which of the following would be appropriate at this time?
Stop therapy, sit the patient up, give O2, and contact the physician
While reviewing the chart of a patient receiving postural drainage therapy, you notice that the patient tends to undergo mild desaturation during therapy. Which of the following would you recommend to manage this problem?
Increase the patient’s FIO2 during therapy
Soon after you initiate postural drainage in a trendelenburg position, the patient develops vigorous and productive cough. Which of the following actions would be appropriate at this time?
Move the patient to the sitting position until the cough subsides
All of the following responses indicate that postural drainage should be terminated except:
I. Sever tachycardia
II. Complaint of discomfort
III. Irregular blood pressure
IV. Sever bradycardia
Complaint of discomfort
Which of the following should be charted after completing a postural drainage treatment?
I. Amount of consistency of sputum produced
II. Patient tolerance of procedure
III. Position(s) used (including time)
IV. Any untoward effects observed
Amount of consistency of sputum produced, patient tolerance of procedure, position(s) used (including time), any untoward effects observed
Percussion should NOT be performed over which of the following areas?
I. Surgery sites
II. Bony prominences
III. Fractured ribs
Surgery sites, body prominences, and fractured ribs
Properly performed chest vibration is applied at what point?
Throughout expiration
