Unit 3

Question 1

3 Parts of the Sternum

Answer 1

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process

Question 2

What is the correct number of group for true ribs?

Answer 2

1-7

Question 3

What is the correct number of group for false ribs?

Answer 3

8-10

Question 4

What is the correct number of group for floating ribs?

Answer 4

11-12

Question 5

Sol layer

Answer 5

Bottom fluid layer housing the cilia

Question 6

Gel layer

Answer 6

A viscous top layer overlaying the cilia

Question 7

The mediastinum contains:

Answer 7

Heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea

Question 8

Functions of the airways

Answer 8

Conduct air
Filter foreign material greater than 5 microns
Warm and humidify inspired gases
Phonation and olfactory

Question 9

Mucocililar escalator

Answer 9

Cilia moves mucus via a wave toward the trachea where it can be swallowed or coughed out

Question 10

The mucociliar escalator moves at a rate of ____ cm/min

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Primary cells responsible for the production of mucous

Answer 11

Goblet cells

Question 12

The nose can filter out particles > than ____ microns

Answer 12

5

Question 13

Calculate RAW: peak pressure=25 cmH2O, PEEP=12 cmH2O, plateau pressure=22 cmH2O, and flow=65 LPM

Answer 13

2.8cmH2O/L/Sec

Question 14

What is the normal RAW?

Answer 14

1.6 cmH2O/L/Sec

Question 15

What is the range of RAW

Answer 15

0.6-2.4 cmH2O/L/Sec

Question 16

What is the purpose of the sinuses?

Answer 16

Lighten the skull and voice resonance

Question 17

Another name for laryngopharynx

Answer 17

Hypopharynx

Question 18

Where are the Eustachian tubes located and what is their purpose?

Answer 18

Location: Nasopharynx
Purpose: Communicate with tympanic cavity or middle ear (allow equilibrium pressure for the eardrum with environmental pressure changes)

Question 19

Opening to the larynx

Answer 19

Glottis

Question 20

Covers the glottis opening during swallowing

Answer 20

Epiglottis

Question 21

“Adams Apple”

Answer 21

Thyroid cartilage

Question 22

Landmark for intubation (space between the tongue and epiglottis)

Answer 22

Vallecula

Question 23

Smallest opening in the adult airway

Answer 23

Glottis

Question 24

Smallest opening in neonatal airway

Answer 24

Cricoid cartilage

Question 25

Epiglottitis should be treated with

Answer 25

Intubation

Question 26

A patient with croup would demonstrate what type of breath sounds?

Answer 26

Stridor

Question 27

In order to facilitate your co-worker in the viewing of the glottis during intubation, you could ____

Answer 27

Apply cricoid pressure

Question 28

An emergency airway may be performed at what ligament?

Answer 28

Cricothyroid ligament

Question 29

This emergency airway is called

Answer 29

Cricoidotomy

Question 30

Being very specific, where is the tracheostomy performed?

Answer 30

1-3 cm below the cricoid cartilage

Question 31

What lies posterior to the trachea?

Answer 31

Esophagus

Question 32

The trachea is ____ cm in length

Answer 32

10-13

Question 33

The trachea has ____ C-shaped rings

Answer 33

16-20

Question 34

The trachea is about ____cm in diameter

Answer 34

2-2.5

Question 35

The trachea is line with ____ ____ ____ epithelium

Answer 35

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Question 36

The trachea is also lined with ____ muscle allowing for changes in diameter with inspiration and expiration.

Answer 36

Smooth

Question 37

The trachea is also called the ____

Answer 37

Windpipe

Question 38

T/F All tracheal rings are complete circles

Answer 38

False

Question 39

The carina bifurcates into the ____ and ___ mainstem bronchi

Answer 39

Right, Left

Question 40

The point at which the trachea branches into two mainstem bronchi is called the ____

Answer 40

Carina

Question 41

The left main stem bronchus branches off the trachea an angle of _____ degrees

Answer 41

40-60

Question 42

The right main stem bronchus branches off the trachea at an angle of ____ degrees

Answer 42

20-30

Question 43

If you were to aspirate a coin, which lung would it enter?Why?

Answer 43

Right, because there is less of an angle and the opening is wider

Question 44

The right lung has ___ lobar bronchi

Answer 44

3

Question 45

The left lung has ___ lobar bronchi

Answer 45

2

Question 46

There are ___ segmental bronchi in the right lung

Answer 46

10

Question 47

There are ___ segmental bronchi in the left lung

Answer 47

8

Question 48

Surfactant ___ surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse and is secreted by the ____ cells. If there is a reduction in surfactant, atelectasis will occur.

Answer 48

Reduces, Type II

Question 49

We have _____ million alveoli

Answer 49

300-600

Question 50

What is the thickness of the A-C membrane

Answer 50

0.5 microns

Question 51

What are three types of cells that comprise the alveolar epithelium

Answer 51

Type I cell Type II cell Type III cell

Question 52

What are the openings in the intraalveolar septa called that are responsible for collateral ventilation

Answer 52

Pores of Kohn

Question 53

Another name for Type II or Type B cells is ____

Answer 53

Granular pneumocytes

Question 54

Another name for Type I cells or Type A cells is _____

Answer 54

Squamous pneumocytes

Question 55

What is the function of the lower airway?

Answer 55

Ventilation and Repsiration

Question 56

The lung and each of its lobes are encased in ___ pleura

Answer 56

Visceral

Question 57

The ____ pleura lines the thoracic cavity

Answer 57

Parietal

Question 58

The potential space between the two layers of the pleura that contains fluid is termed the _____. And why is there fluid between the two layers?

Answer 58

Intrapleural space; It allows the 2 pleura to slide over each other with reduced frictional resistance.

Question 59

The lungs weigh ___ grams

Answer 59

800-1000

Question 60

The ___ lung lies higher in the thorax to accommodate the ___

Answer 60

Right, liver

Question 61

which fissure isolates the RLL from the RML and RUL

Answer 61

Oblique Fissure

Question 62

Which fissure isolates the RUL and RML

Answer 62

Horizontal Fissure

Question 63

Which fissure isolates the LUL from the LLL

Answer 63

Oblique Fissure