Unit 5 Flashcards
Normal QRS is ____ seconds
0.04 - 0.12
Normal PR interval is ____ seconds
0.12 - 0.20
What wave represents ventricular depolarization?
T wave
Ischemia is noted on an EKG by the presence of:
ST depression
What are the characteristics of a sinus rhythm
Has a P wave, originates in atria, has a regular rhythm,
Why is atropine given?
Increase heart rate
What drug is given to treat the excitability of ectopic foci (ex. PVC)?
Lidocaine
In children (1-8 years) bradycardia occurs at a rate of less than ____ bpm
80 bpm
Which of the following delivered energy settings should the respiratory therapy practitioner recommend for initial attempts at defibrillation when performed on an adult patient?
200 joules
During synchronized cardioversion, the defibrillator will discharge on the ____ wave
R
The immediate and only effective treatment of ventricular fibrillation is _____
Defibrillation
Hypoxemia such as in a COPD patient would most likely cause what rhythm?
PVC
The ability of cardiac muscles to respond to an electrical stimulus by physically contracting
Contractility
The ability of all cardiac cells to conduct electrical impulses from one group of cells to another in any pathway or direction
Conductivity
A basic rate and rhythm assigned to a specific group of cardiac cells
Rhythmicity
The excitability of the cardiac cell
Irritability
The ability of each cardiac cell to automatically initiate an electrical event
Automaticity
List the 5 cardiac properties
Automaticity, Irritability, rhythmicity, conductivity, and contractility
If there is a conduction defect from the A-V node to the Bundle of His what would you see?
Long PR interval
A short run of V-tach occurs with ____ PVC’s
3
A “u” wave represents___
Hypokalemia
When could you use Synchronized cardioversion?
To treat PAT, SVT, A-fib, A-flutter, and V-tach
What is the unique characteristics that occurs with a BBB (Bundle Branch Block)?
There is a notch in the QRS complex
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Between the right ventricle and right atrium
What causes CHF to occur?
Coronary artery disease or anything that causes left ventricle to inadequately pump
During defibrillation and cardioversion, the paddles are placed on the ___ lateral chest and the ___ apex
Left, right
R on T phenomenon results in _____
Ventricular tachycardia
What is normal pulse rate in a child?
80-120 bpm
What is a normal pulse rate in an adult?
60-100 bpm
What medication will slow down a fast heart rate?
Beta-blockers
On an EKG tracing, a conduction defect from the SA to AV node would be noted by _____
Long PR interval
When performing an EKG, the ground lead is found on the ____
Right leg
Where are the chest leads placed on an EKG?
V1 - Fourth intercostal space to the right of the sternum
V2 - Fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum
V3 - Between V2 and V4
V4 - Fifth left intercostal space, midclavicular line
V5 - Level of V4, left anterior axillary line
V6 - Fifth intercostal space at the left midaxillary line
Which heart block is being described: P waves do not correlate with complexes
Third degree A-V block
Which heart block is being described: Progressive widening of the P-R interval
Second degree A-V block mobitz type I
Which heart block is being described: Extra P wave between each complex with no warning
Second degree A-V heart block mobitz type II
Which heart block is being described: Widened PR interval
Holter monitoring is usually performed for ___ or ___ hours. The ECG records ___ channels with the placement with the placement of ___ chest electrodes.
24, 48, 2, 5
Joules sequence for defibrillation
1st attempt: 200 joules
2nd attempt: 300 joules
3rd attempt: 360 joules
4th attempt: 360 joules
List the point of electrical conduction in the heart
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Right and Left bundle branches, and Purkinjie fibers
What does the QRS represent
Ventricular depolarization
What would you see if there was a conduction delay at the AV node?
Long PR interval
What are ectopic foci?
Impulses that originate from sites other than the SA node
True or False: R-R interval is peak to peak, and this should always be equal distance. If not, the rhythm is considered irregular
True
What is the intrinsic rate of the SA node?
60-100 bpm
What does the P wave represent?
Contraction of the SA node
How long is a normal P wave?
0.12 seconds
How many leads do we place when doing a 12 lead EKG?
10
When does the defibrillator discharge the electrical shock in synchronized cardioversion?
On the R wave
What would you recommend for sinus bradycardia?
Atropine
