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Medical Terminology > Unit 7 - Endocrine System > Flashcards

Unit 7 - Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

aden-

A

gland

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2
Q

adren-/adrenal-

A

adrenal gland

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3
Q

cortic-

A

outer surface

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4
Q

gonad-

A

gonads (sex organs)

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5
Q

pancreat-

A

pancreas

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6
Q

pituitar-/hypophys-

A

pituitary gland

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7
Q

thym-

A

thymus

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8
Q

thyr-/thyroid-

A

thyroid

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9
Q

glu-/glucos-/glyc-

A

sugar

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10
Q

crin-

A

to secrete

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11
Q

hormon-

A

hormones

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12
Q

ket-

A

ketone body

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13
Q

-tropin

A

stimulating hormone

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14
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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15
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

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16
Q

adenalgia

A

gland pain

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17
Q

adrenal virilism

A

development of male secondary sex characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland

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18
Q

adrenarche

A

beginning of adrenal secretion

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19
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive growth go facial and body hair in women

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20
Q

amenorrhea

A

lack of menstrual flow

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21
Q

gynecomastia

A

development of breast tissue in males

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22
Q

hypergonadism

A

condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands

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23
Q

hypogonadism

A

condition where there is an under secretion of the sex glands

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24
Q

menarche

A

beginning of first menstruation

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25
Q

thelarche

A

beginning of breast development

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26
Q

hypoglycemic

A

pertaining to low blood sugar

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27
Q

hyperglycemic

A

pertaining to high blood sugar

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28
Q

pancreatalgia

A

pain in the pancreas

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29
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

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30
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive eating

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31
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

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32
Q

acromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the extremities

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33
Q

galactorrhea

A

discharge of milk

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34
Q

pituitary dwarfism

A

abnormally short height caused by under secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland

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35
Q

pituitary gigantism

A

abnormally tall height due to oversecretion of growth hormone

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36
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of eyes out of the eye socket

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37
Q

goiter

A

swollen thyroid gland

38
Q

thyrocele

A

another name for goiter

39
Q

thyromegaly

A

enlargement of the thyroid

40
Q

thyroptosis

A

downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid

41
Q

acidemia

A

abnormal acidity of the blood

42
Q

alkalemia

A

abnormal alkalinity of the blood

43
Q

calcuria

A

calcium in the urine

44
Q

chloremia

A

increased chloride in the blood

45
Q

euglycemia

A

good blood sugar

46
Q

glucosuria

A

sugar in the urine

47
Q

hypercalcemia

A

excessive calcium in the blood

48
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

excessive cholesterol in the blood

49
Q

hypergycemia

A

high blood sugar

50
Q

hyperkalemia

A

excessive potassium in the blood

51
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

excessive fat in the blood

52
Q

hypernatremia

A

excessive sodium in the blood

53
Q

hyperphosphatemia

A

excessive phosphate in the blood

54
Q

ketonuria

A

ketone bodies in the blood

55
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

56
Q

uremia

A

presence of urinary waste in the blood

57
Q

adrenaline

A

hormone secreted by the adrenal gland

58
Q

epinephrine

A

hormone secreted by the adrenal gland

59
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland

60
Q

corticotropin

A

shorter name for ACTH

61
Q

glucagon

A

hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels

62
Q

glucocorticoid

A

hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism

63
Q

gonadotropin

A

hormone that stimulates the gonads

64
Q

insulin

A

hormone secreted by the pancreas that control the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats

65
Q

thyrotropin

A

hormone that stimulates the thyroid

66
Q

adenomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of a gland

67
Q

adrenomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland

68
Q

euthyroid

A

normal functioning of the thyroid

69
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources

70
Q

glycolysis

A

breakdown of sugar

71
Q

glycopenia

A

deficiency of sugar

72
Q

gonadogenesis

A

creation/development of gonads

73
Q

metabolism

A

breakdown of matter into energy

74
Q

endocrine

A

to secrete internally

75
Q

endocrinologist

A

specialist in internal secretions

76
Q

exocrine

A

to secrete externally

77
Q

glycemic index

A

ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood

78
Q

ketogenesis

A

creation of ketone bodies

79
Q

thyroid function tests

A

tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid

80
Q

continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion

A

continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin

81
Q

adenectomy

A

removal of a gland

82
Q

ketogenic diet

A

diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body

83
Q

thymectomy

A

removal of the thymus

84
Q

adrenalectomy

A

removal of the adrenal gland

85
Q

pancreatectomy

A

removal of the pancreas

86
Q

pancreatolithectomy

A

removal of a stone in the pancreas

87
Q

hypophysectomy

A

removal of the pituitary gland

88
Q

parathyroidectomy

A

removal of the parathyroid

89
Q

thyroidectomy

A

removal of the thyroid

90
Q

thyroidotomy

A

incision into the thyroid

91
Q

thyroparathyroidectomy

A

removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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