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Ocular Anatomy and Physiology : > Unit 7 and 8 Review > Flashcards

Unit 7 and 8 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What can be a treatment strategy used for meibomian gland dysfunction?

A

Hot Compresses

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2
Q

Does the term Chalazion describe an active infection within a meibomian gland?

A

No

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3
Q

What are instruments that are used to manage dry eye diseases?

A

BlephEx

iLux

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4
Q

MGD, Blepharitis, Autoimmune Disorders and Ectropian are all associated with dry eye diseases?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Is Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis associated with seasonal allergy such as pollen or grasses?

A

No

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6
Q

What is a benign pigmented lesion?

A

Conjunctival Nevus

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7
Q

What refers to the inflammation of the cornea?

Results of a bacterial, viral or fungal infection

A

Microbial Keratitis

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8
Q

T / F

Poor vision associated with Keratoconus may be managed with specialty contact lenses or a corneal transplant

A

True

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9
Q

What is a benign peripheral corneal degeneration that may be associated with elevated cholesterol levels?

A

Arcus Senilis

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10
Q

Do many different types of corneal dystrophies that affect different layers of the cornea and have varying effects on vision?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Is a Recurrent Corneal Erosion painful?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is the inflammatory enlargement of the lacrimal gland called?

A

Dacryoadenitis

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13
Q

What is a sign of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in babies?

A

Teary eye with some discharge

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14
Q

What are sticky deposits on the corneal endothelium that occur do to inflammation associated with the iris?

A

Keratic Precipitates

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15
Q

T / F

It is important to monitor a choroidal nevus because it may turn malignant?

A

T

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16
Q

T / F

If a uveal melanoma does not respond to radiation therapy, enucleation may be required.

A

T

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17
Q

What is diagnosed with a patient has elevated intraocular pressure but does not have any visual field defects or damage to the optic nerve?

A

Ocular Hypertension

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18
Q

What type of glaucoma is when the iris closes off the angle and aqueous fluid cannot drain through the trabecular meshwork?

A

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

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19
Q

What is the term for when the lower eyelid bulges forward with downward movement?

A

Munson Sign

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20
Q

What is Munson Sign associated with?

A

Keratoconus

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21
Q

What is characterized by Macular Atrophy and Drusen?

A

Dry Age Related Macular Degeneration

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22
Q

What is useful for monitoring changes in vision associated with age related macular degeneration?

A

Amsler Grid

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23
Q

What does retinal detachment may begin with?

A

Tear or Break in retina

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24
Q

What is a metallic foreign body may be removed with?

A

Needle or Spud

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25
Q

What is more severe?

Alkali or Acid burns?

A

Alkali

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26
Q

What may be used to remove a rust ring in the cornea that was caused by a metallic foreign body?

A

Alger Brush

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27
Q

What may cause double vision due to a trapped extraocular muscle?

A

Blow out fracture

28
Q

Meibomian glands may be chronically inflamed.

What is a hard granulomatous lesion that may require surgical excision to remove?

A

Chalazion

29
Q

What a term may describe a red, inflamed eyelid margin with crust flakes at the base of the eyelashes?

A

Blepharitis

30
Q

What are the three layers of the tear film?

A

Lipid Layer
Aqueous Layer
Mucin Layer

31
Q

What may result from a problem with any of the 3 layers of the tear film?

A

Dry Eye Disease

32
Q

What are treatment options for dry eye disease?

A 
Artificial Tears
Hot Compresses 
Lid Massage 
Lid Scrubs 
Omega 3 Supplements
33
Q

What refers to an inward turning eyelid margin?

A

Entropian

34
Q

What refers to an outward turning eyelid margin?

A

Ectropian

35
Q

What conjunctivitis is characterized by an infected eye with purulent discharge?

A

Bacterial

36
Q

What conjunctivitis is characterized by an infected eye that appears red and watery?

A

Viral

37
Q

The anterior segment of the eye may develop benign growths in response to wind and ultraviolet.
What is a nodule that forms on the sclera?

A

Pinguecula

38
Q

The anterior segment of the eye may develop benign growths in response to wind ad ultraviolet.
What is a triangular shaped growth on the cornea?

A

Pterygium

39
Q

What is a corneal disorder characterized by stromal thinning and a cone shaped cornea?

A

Keratoconus

40
Q

Will a patient with keratoconus have a higher or lower than average keratometry reading?

A

Higher

41
Q

What are 3 different management strategies or treatments for keratoconus?

A

Gas Permeable Contacts
Hybrid Contact lenses
Corneal Transplant

42
Q

What often occurs at the start of the day when the patient first opens their eyes?

A

Recurrent Corneal Erosion

43
Q

What is a benign pigmented neoplasm in the iris, ciliary body or choroid?

A

Uveal Nevus

44
Q

What is the anterior inflammation of the sclera referred to?

A

Episcleritis

45
Q

What is the posterior inflammation of the sclera referred to?

A

Scleritis

46
Q

What type of cataracts have haze and yellowing throughout the central region of the lens?

A

Nuclear Cataract

47
Q

What type of cataract have opacities that look like spokes on a bike?

A

Cortical Cataract

48
Q

What type of cataract impact vision significantly because the opacity is located along the visual axis in the posterior region of the crystalline lens?

A

Posterior subcapsular

49
Q

What are common signs that a patient may be having a retinal detachment?

A

Flashing lights and floaters

50
Q

What are the 3 different types of glaucoma?

A

Primary open angle
Acute angle closure
Pigmentary

51
Q

What are managements of primary open glaucoma?

A

Glaucoma drops

Surgery

52
Q

What type of surgery is for primary open glaucoma?

A

Laser trabeculoplasty or Trabeculectomy

53
Q

What is characterized by a bumpy appearance to the optic nerve that is caused by buried balls of calcium?

A

Optic nerve head drusen

54
Q

What are risk factors for dry age related macular degeneration?

A

Caucasian
Smoking
UV damage

55
Q

What is the main treatment option for WET Age Related Macular Degeneration?

A

Anti VEGF injections

56
Q

What are waste products that build up under the retinal pigment epithelium in age related macular degeneration? (ARMD)

A

Drusen

57
Q

What is a primary malignant cancer that is characterized by leukocoria?

A

Retinoblastoma

58
Q

What is an ocular genetic disorder that results in degeneration of the macula?

A

Stargardt Disease

59
Q

What is an ocular genetic disorder that results in loss of peripheral vision?

A

Retinitis Pigmentosa

60
Q

What is an ocular genetic disorder with mitochondrial inheritance that starts with optic nerve swelling?

A

Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

61
Q

What is a genetic disorder characterized by a lack of pigment in body?

A

Albinism

62
Q

What genetic disorder is often associated with nystagmus?

A

Albinism

63
Q

What is Albinism often associated with?

A

Nystagmus

64
Q

When looking directly a solar eclipse, what type of burn will occur in the macular region?

A

Radiation

65
Q

When you touch the cornea with a hot curling iron, what type of injury is it?

A

Thermal

Ocular Anatomy and Physiology : (30 decks)

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