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Ocular Anatomy and Physiology : > Physiological Optics > Flashcards

Physiological Optics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Refractive Index of the Cornea?

A

1.37

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2
Q

What is the Refractive Index of the Aqueous?

A

1.33

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3
Q

What is the Refractive Index of Lens?

A

1.43

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4
Q

What is the Refractive Index of Vitreous?

A

1.33

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5
Q

What is the Total Refractive Power of the Eye?

A

60 D

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6
Q

What is the Corneal Power?

A

43 D

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7
Q

What is the Lens Power?

A

+15 D to +20 D

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8
Q

What occurs as the light travel through the eye? and what is the image?

A

Refraction

Inverted

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9
Q

What is Emmetropia?

A

The focal point parallel light rays coming into the eye is on the retina
“perfect vision”

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10
Q

What is Ametropia?

A

Refractive error is present

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11
Q

What is Myopia?

A

Nearsightedness

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12
Q

What is the shape of a myopic eye?

A

Eyeball is too long

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13
Q

Where does the focal point land for myopic eye?

A

Within the vitreous

In front of the retina

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14
Q

What lens can correct myopia?

A

Diverging or Minus lens

Concave

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15
Q

What is Hyperopia?

A

Farsightedness

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16
Q

What is the shape of a hyperopic eye?

A

Eyeball is too short

17
Q

Where does the focal point land for hyperopic eye?

A

Behind the retina

18
Q

What lens can correct hyperopia?

A

Converging or Plus Lens

Convex

19
Q

What is Astigmatism?

A

Refractive Error is not equal in all meridians

One meridian is curvier than the other

20
Q

What is the shape of the cornea for an Astigmatism eye

A

Football

21
Q

Where does the focal point land for astigmatism?

A

There is 2 focuses in the eye

No focal point

22
Q

What lens can correct astigmatism?

A

Sphero-cylindrical Lenses

23
Q

What are examples of Amplitude of Accomodation?

A

Gradually decreases with age

Lens becomes less flexible

24
Q

What is the Conoid of Sturm?

A

How rays are refracted through two different power meridians
Optical Condition refractive power of cornea and lens is not the same in all meridians

25
Q

What is the Unequal image sizes called?

A

Aniseikonia

26
Q

What is the Unequal Refractive Errors called?

A

Anisometropia

27
Q

What is the Amplitude of Accomodation?

A

Measured in Dioptres
Gradually Decreases in age
Lens becomes less flexible

28
Q

What are Accommodative Conditions?

A

Presbyopia

Latent Hyperopia

29
Q

What is the Accommodative Condition for loss of accommodation associated with aging?

A

Presbyopia

30
Q

What is the Accommodative Condition for amount of hyperopia that can be overcome with accomodation?

A

Latent Hyperopia

31
Q

What is the Refractive of the Eye?

A

63 D

32
Q

What is the Reduced or Simplified Eye?

A

Gullstrand is 58.60 D
Eye is 22.6m in length
Anterior focal point is 17mm in front of the cornea
Nodal point is 5.6mm behind the cornea

Ocular Anatomy and Physiology : (30 decks)

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