Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What is the main function of eyebrows and eyelashes?

Answer 1

Protection

Question 2

What help prevent sweat and debris from falling in the eye?

Answer 2

Eyebrows

Question 3

What prevent small particles and debris from getting in the eye?

Answer 3

Eyelashes

Question 4

What muscle closes the upper and lower eyelids and facilitates the movement and draining of tears through the tear drainage system?

Answer 4

Orbicularis Oculi

Question 5

What muscle opens the upper eyelid?

Answer 5

Levator Palpebrae Superiosis

Question 6

What conjunctiva lines the inner surfaces of the eyelids?

Answer 6

Palpebral Conjunctiva

Question 7

What covers the anterior sclera and episclera before ending at the limbus?

Answer 7

Bulbar Portion

Question 8

What controls accomodation?

Answer 8

Ciliary Body

Question 9

What does the ciliary body produce?

Answer 9

Aqueous Humour

Question 10

What collects aqueous humour from the anterior chamber and drains it into the venous system?

Answer 10

Canal of Schlemm

Question 11

How many group of muscles does the iris contain?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

What iris muscle is for parasympathetic system?

Answer 12

Spinchter Pupil

Question 13

What iris muscle is for sympathetic system?

Answer 13

Dilator Pupillae

Question 14

What is the lens made up of?

Answer 14

65% Water

Question 15

What are the corneal layers from the outermost layer?

Answer 15

Epithelium 
Bowman's Layer 
Stroma 
Descemet's Layer 
Endothelium

Question 16

What is a leaky layer that allows nutrients to pass from the aqueous humour/

Answer 16

Endothelium

Question 17

What pumps fluid out of the stromal layer to keep the cornea clear and prevent swelling or thickening?

Answer 17

Endothelium

Question 18

Which corneal layer makes up the majority of the corneal thickness?

Answer 18

Stroma

Question 19

What is the sclera composted of?

Answer 19

Collagen tissue

Question 20

What is covered by a thin layer called episclera?

Answer 20

Anterior Sclera

Question 21

What turns into a mesh like structure?

Answer 21

Posterior Sclera

Question 22

What are the most external vessels of choroid?

Answer 22

Larger vessels

Question 23

What is made up of fenestrated capillaries that supply the vascular needs of the outer retina?

Answer 23

Choriocapillaries

Question 24

What supplies the retina with oxygen?

Answer 24

Choroid

Question 25

What is transported to and from the retina by the choroid?

Answer 25

Metabolites

Question 26

What allows light rays to pass through to the retina?

Answer 26

Vitreous

Question 27

What is the remnant of the primary vitreous?

Answer 27

Cloquet’s Canal

Question 28

What are the retinal layers starting from the inner most layer?

Answer 28

Internal Limiting Membrane 
Nerve Fiber Layer 
Ganglion Cell Layer 
Inner Plexiform Layer 
Inner Nuclear Layer 
Outer Plexiform Layer 
Outer Nuclear Layer 
External Limiting Membrane 
Photoreceptor Layer 
Retinal Pigment Epithelium 
Bruch's Membrane 
Choroid

Question 29

What retinal layer :
Pigment melanin absorbs stray light
Transport of metabolites to and from the choriocapillaris
Regeneration of visual pigments in rods and cones

Answer 29

RPE

Question 30

What is the aqueous humor pathway?

Answer 30

Ciliary Body 
Pupil 
Anterior Chamber 
Trabecular Meshwork 
Schlemm's Canal 
Venous System

Question 31

What are the 3 layers of the tear film?

Answer 31

Mucin Layer
Aqueous Layer
Lipid Layer

Question 32

What layer of the tear film is produced by the goblet cells?

Answer 32

Mucin Layer

Question 33

What layer of the tear film is produced by the lacrimal gland?

Answer 33

Aqueous Layer

Question 34

What layer of the tear film is produced by the meibomian glands?

Answer 34

Lipid Layer