Unit 7

Question 1

what is evolution

Answer 1

The change in inherited characteristics of biological population over successive generations

Question 2

what do organisms who survive and have offspring pass on

Answer 2

traits

Question 2

what did lyell and Hutton state

Answer 2

that the process that shaped the earth in the past continues today (volcano, erosion)

Question 3

what area of evolution did Charles Lyell focus on

Answer 3

geology

Question 4

what area of evolution did jean Baptiste lamrk focus on

Answer 4

acquired traits

Question 5

what process takes millions of years to acomplish

Answer 5

the evolution of geology

Question 6

what did lamark dicover

Answer 6

traits are selective in the use of disuse of organs, an organism slowly acquired or lost certain traits during its lifetime that would be passed on to offspring

Question 7

what was the boat that charles darwin traveled on

Answer 7

HMS beagle

Question 7

what is species modification

Answer 7

similar species arose from a common ancestor

Question 8

species vary locally

Answer 8

Galapagos tortoises are related but different depending on the habitat occupied

Question 9

species vary globally

Answer 9

convergent evolution of rheas in south America; emus in Australia; ostriches in Africa in similar habitats

Question 10

species vary over time

Answer 10

glyptodon vs armadillo fossils of extinct animals were similar to living species

Question 11

what exactly is evolution

Answer 11

any change in any trait within a population over generation

Question 11

when does evolution usually happen

Answer 11

with DNA mutations or combining of genes

Question 12

dogs came from selected genes in what

Answer 12

wolves

Question 13

what is natural selection

Answer 13

evolution without the help of a breeder

Question 14

what is all life on earth

Answer 14

related

Question 15

decent with modificaiton

Answer 15

evolution occurs newer forms are decedents of older species all species are descended from one or a few origination types of life.

Question 16

modification by natural selection

Answer 16

evolution occurs due to beneficial DNA changes (adaptations) that are random (survival of the fittest)

Question 17

what is the first fact about population

Answer 17

more offspring are produced than can possibly survive

Question 17

what is the second fact about population

Answer 17

traits vary amongst individuals, leading to different rates of survival and reproduction

Question 18

what is the third fact about populations

Answer 18

trait differences are heritable when members of a population die they are replaced by the progeny of parents that were better adapted to survive and reproduce in the current environment

Question 19

homologous body structure

Answer 19

structures that have different mature forms in fdifferent organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissue

Question 19

adaptive radiation

Answer 19

a process in which organisms diversity rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges or opens new environment riches

Question 20

vestigail structure

Answer 20

sometimes homologous structures that do not seem important functions become greatly reduced in size or unused

Question 21

similarities in embryos

Answer 21

in early stages of development, vertebrae, embryos look familiar, but similarities fade as development continues

Question 22

macromolecules and biochemical similarities

Answer 22

homologous proteins, RNA and DNA sequences ATP, CHONPS

Question 23

geographic distributtion of living species

Answer 23

when darwin compared similar environments on continents he explored, he saw different animals that shared similar anatomies and behavior these animals were exposed to similar pressures of natural selection and ended up evolving certain common features

Question 24

transitional species

Answer 24

many fossils show a clear transition from one species or group to another