Unit 6.6 - Causes of Migration

Question 1

Causes of a “new era” of migration from 1750-1900

Answer 1

Population increases led to a migration of people into more urban areas, jobs (because the migratory knew they could return to their country), to find relief from economic and political difficulties, and some were coerced

Question 2

To meet the demands for labor, coerced and semi-coerced migrations of people resulted in

Answer 2

slavery, indentured servitude, and convict labor

Question 3

Coerce

Answer 3

To force someone to do something

Question 4

What caused many people to migrate for their homes?

Answer 4

The demand for agricultural goods (once worked by slaves) and a desire for a job

Question 5

Examples (3) of groups of people migrating from their homes

Answer 5

Indians to British colonies (in the Caribbean, South/East Afr., and Fiji), Chinese to California and British Malaya (to build railroads and for rural/domestic jobs) and Japanese to Hawaii, Peru, and Cuba (for sugar plantations)

Question 6

Last three American countries abolish slavery and when

Answer 6

The U.S. (1865), Cuba (1886), and Brazil (1888)

Question 7

Cause of the Abolishment of Slavery

Answer 7

Imperial countries turned to other forms of coerced labor

Question 8

Indentured Servant

Answer 8

Someone who works for a set number of years before becoming free

Question 9

Why many people chose to be indentured servants

Answer 9

It paid for their transportation to a new place, where they could transfer from a poor to a more opportunity-rich community, and others did so to pay off debts

Question 10

Life of an Asian contract worker

Answer 10

Often they were forced/tricked into this labor and lived difficult lives, being exploited and treated unjustly

Question 11

Were Asian workers paid fair wages?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What ended Asian contract labor?

Answer 12

The media bringing attention to the system and calling it slavery

Question 13

Example of coerced labor

Answer 13

British convicts being sent to Australia to work in penal colonies

Question 14

What were British convicts expected to do in penal colonies?

Answer 14

Harsh labor under free settlers, keeping records for the government, or working on government projects like building roads/railways

Question 15

Diaspora

Answer 15

Mass emigration from a country/region that occurs over a period of many years.

Question 16

Common causes of diaspora

Answer 16

Poverty, political conditions, and famine

Question 17

Difference between Indian and Chinese diaspora

Answer 17

The Indians emigrated because of poverty while the Chinese did mainly because of a population explosion and the poverty/disorder caused by the Taiping Rebellion

Question 18

Kangani System

Answer 18

Workers recruited from their own family to come work

Question 19

Maistry System

Answer 19

Labors were recruited within systems that had defined hierarchies and sent to plantations

Question 20

Reasons (3) that the Chinese voluntarily emigrated from China

Answer 20

California Gold Rush, to find more opportunities, and to escape poverty/disorder

Question 21

Change in nature of Irish immigrants betwen 1750-1900s

Answer 21

They first emigrated for political (evict of farmers after the Corn Laws) and religious reasons (discrimination) but it then changed to be a result of the Great Famine

Question 22

Change in Reason for the Irish Emigrating from 1750-1900

Answer 22

It was first because of political (eviction of farmers after the Corn Laws) and religious discrimination reasons but then was a result of the Great Famine

Question 23

Corn Laws

Answer 23

Regulations on the import and export of grains

Question 24

Main reason for Italian diaspora

Answer 24

Poverty (amongst political and economic/crime reasons)

Question 25

Difference in the motives for British settlers to move to New Zealand from those moving to India, Malaya, and Kenya

Answer 25

Those moving to New Zealand had the intention of settling there permanently while those moving to India, Malaya, and Kenya did not

Question 26

Goal of the Japanese Colonization Society

Answer 26

To export Japan’s surplus population and goods

Question 27

Areas that Japan attempted to colonize

Answer 27

Mexico (thru agriculture), Peru, San Francisco, Portland, and Seattle

Question 28

What allowed some migrants to return to their home countries?

Answer 28

Improvements in transportation technology

Question 29

Andrew Geddes Bain

Answer 29

British geologist that made the first comprehensive geological map of South Afr.

Question 30

Colonial Service

Answer 30

Managers for plantations and other colonial enterprises (companies)

Question 31

How engineers are an example of interacting cultures

Answer 31

People of Europe worked with people in colonies in both public works and private projects, blending their ideas and knowledge together to further science and technology.