Unit 6.3 - Indigenous Response to Industrialization

Question 1

How did Enlightenment ideals help leaders push against colonization?

Answer 1

Leaders of movements against colonization often had a European education and so learned about things such as natural rights, sovereignty, and nationalism which inspired their rebellions.

Question 2

Balkan Peninsula

Answer 2

The land the Ottoman Empire had control over in Europe

Question 3

Who inspired those in the Balkan Peninsula?

Answer 3

The French Revolution

Question 4

Who won independence from Ottoman rule and how?

Answer 4

Serbia and Greece through warfare

Question 5

Russo-Turkish War

Answer 5

The rebellion of Ottoman companies like Bulgaria, Romania, and Monterro supported by Serbia/Greece and ended in the Treaty of Berlin, freeing them

Question 6

Significance of Proclamation of 1763

Answer 6

It recognized the territorial rights of Native Americans for the first time as it reserved land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River (U.S. ended up conquering it anyway though)

Question 7

How did the Cherokee Nation assimilate the culture of white settlers?

Answer 7

They adopted colonial methods of farming, weaving, building, having a syllabic alphabet, and a constitution like the U.S.

Question 8

How expansion negatively impacted the Cherokee Nation

Answer 8

Although they assimilated, the greed of the whites came after they discover gold in Georgia and through the INDIAN REMOVAL ACT forced them out and into Oklahoma

Question 9

Ghost Dance

Answer 9

A series of dances and songs meant to hasten the prophesied return of the dead who would come back to life and drive out the whites, returning their land and traditions back to them.

Question 10

Ghost Dance’s impact on the Sioux

Answer 10

It was in line with the Sioux revolts and lasted until the Wounded Knee Massacre

Question 11

Tupac Amaru II and his role in refusing imperialism

Answer 11

Cacique who arrested and executed a colonial administrator for being too cruel, leading to an Indian Revolt against Spain.

Question 12

Cacique

Answer 12

A hereditary chief

Question 13

Result of Mexico’s attempt to overthrow Benito Juárez

Answer 13

Mexican conservatives worked with Emperor Napoleon to overthrow Benito by establishing a European noble to lead Mexico (Archduke Maximilian) but this lasted only a few years until the French were forced to withdraw and juárez resumed presidency

Question 14

Sepoys

Answer 14

Indian soldiers employed by the British

Question 15

How Sepoys helped Britain maintain ownership of India

Answer 15

They made up most of Britain’s army in colonial India so that they didn’t have to send for English soldiers to come to England.

Question 16

Cause of the Indian Rebellion of 1857/Sepoy Mutiny

Answer 16

They were upset they had to wok for those who had colonized their land and though the English were trying to convert them to Christianity because their bullets were greased in the fat of animals they did not eat for religious reasons.

Question 17

How British rule in India changed after the mutiny

Answer 17

They became more active, exiling the Mughal emperor for his participation in the Sepoy Mutiny, forming the British Raj; a colonial government that took direct orders from the British government in London

Question 18

Indian National Congress

Answer 18

A group formed by British-educated Indians, starting as a place to send grievances to the British Raf before becoming a call to independence/self-rule

Question 19

South Asian who remained independent during this time

Answer 19

Siam (Thailand)

Question 20

How did Vietnam try to resist French rule

Answer 20

Advisors and supporters of the emperor Ham Nghi removed him from the castle when France invaded to gain control and eventually he was caught,

Question 21

Cause of Philippine Revoulution

Answer 21

Revolts that broke out after Filipinos had been educated (wealthy Filipinos sent their sons to Europe to study), becoming nationalistic, ambitious, and smart.

Question 22

Why were the Filipinos upset and expecting freedom?

Answer 22

They were upset because José Rizal, who started a propaganda reform movement (Liga Filipina) loyal to Spain but just called for more freedom was arrested and executed and after the Spanish-American War, because of the U.S.’ sympathy for Philippine independence, expected freedom.

Question 23

Treat of Paris’ Impact on the Philippine-American War

Answer 23

The Treaty of Paris only moved colonial rule over from Spain to the U.S. and so more revolts and hostilities broke out

Question 24

Result of the Philippine-American War

Answer 24

U.S. victory and lots of deaths

Question 25

Aboriginal People

Answer 25

Natives of Australia

Question 26

How did the British use Australia and New Zealand?

Answer 26

Soldiers and settlers were sent there to establish colonies while still keeping natives kindly, but many were killed in the colonizing process because the British encroached upon the land.

Question 27

Resistance Movements in Australia/New Zealand

Answer 27

The Treaty of Waitangi had the British promise to protect the property rights of Maori but they kept trying to buy more, leading to the Maori Wars which the British won and eventually stopped following the Treaty’s promise, instead trying to intimidate the Maori out of lands with warfare.

Question 28

Pan-Africanism and how it relates to resistance to imperialism

Answer 28

The shared identity and nationalism of western-educated Africans which made fueled their desire and ability to end imperialism after what they had learned.

Question 29

Xhosa People

Answer 29

South African group of people who didn’t want English rule

Question 30

Why did the Xhosas kill their cattle?

Answer 30

In addition to the people getting sick and dying, they destroyed their crops ad killed their cattle (Xhosa Cattle Killing Movement), believing their spirits would come and remove the British settlers from their land but only led to more death from famines.

Question 31

Outcome of Anglo-Zulu War

Answer 31

The Zulu kingdom, located in South Africa, went to war with the British, first succeeding but ultimately losing in the end and becoming one of their colonies.

Question 32

Outcome of Samory Toure’s War

Answer 32

Samory Touré led soldiers to try and establish a kingdom rather than letting France annex all of West Africa. They offered Touré protection but he only went to war with them again, ending in his exile.

Question 33

Outcome of Mahdist Revolt

Answer 33

Muhammad Ahmad claims to be the Mahdi (guided one) and turns a political movement against the Egyptians/British into a religious one, fighting for freedom from them. This succeeds until his death

Question 34

Yaa Asantewaa War

Answer 34

War between the British and Asante Empire. British wanted the Golden Stool, a symbol of unity, Yaa Asantewaa, a warrior queen, led a fight against them ending in British victory.