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AP > Unit 6 Vocab (Urban) > Flashcards

Unit 6 Vocab (Urban) Flashcards

1
Q

Basic Business

A

A business that sells its products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement

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2
Q

Business Service

A

A service that primarily meets the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services

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3
Q

Central Place

A

A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area

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4
Q

Central Place Theory

A

A theory that explains the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther

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5
Q

Clustered Rural Settlement

A

A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings od each family are situated close to each other, with fields surrounding the settlementCon

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6
Q

Consumer Services

A

A business that provides services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, healthy, and leisure services

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7
Q

Dispersed Rural Settlement

A

A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather then clustered villages

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8
Q

Economic Base

A

A community’s collection of basic businesses

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9
Q

Enclosure Movement

A

The process of consolidating small land holdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the 18th century

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10
Q

Global City

A

A major center for the provision of services in the global economy

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11
Q

Gravity Model

A

A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location an inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service

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12
Q

Market Area (Hinterland)

A

The area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the places goods and services

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13
Q

Media Market Area

A

An area where the population receives the some TV and radio station broadcasts and newspapers and consumes similar internet content

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14
Q

Megacity

A

An urban settlement with a total population in excess of 10 million peopl

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15
Q

Metacity

A

An urban settlement with a total population i excess of 20 million people

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16
Q

Nonbasic Busines

A

A business that sells its products primarily to consumers in the community where the business is located

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17
Q

Periodic Market

A

A collection of Individual vendors who came together to offer goods and services in a location on specified days

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18
Q

Primate City

A

The largest settlement in a country, if it has more then twice as many people as the 2nd ranking settlement

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19
Q

Primate City Rule

A

A pattern f settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the 2nd ranking settlement

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20
Q

Public Service

A

A service offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses

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21
Q

Range

A

The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service

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22
Q

Rank-size rule

A

A pattern of settlements in a country such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement

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23
Q

Rural Settlement

A

A community where most people are engaged in agriculture

24
Q

Service

A

Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it

25
Q

Settlement

A

A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants

26
Q

Social Heterogeneity

A

People from varied racial, ethnic, and national backgrounds and with diverse lifestyle preferences

27
Q

Threshold

A

The minimum number of people needed to support a service

28
Q

Urban Settlements

A

A community where people are employed in secondary and tertiary sector jobs

29
Q

Urbanization

A

An increase in the percentage and the number of people living in urban settlements

30
Q

Annexation

A

Legally adding land area to a city in the US

31
Q

Census Tract

A

An area delineated by the US Bureau of the Census for which statistics are published: in urban areas census tracts correspond roughly to neighborhoods

32
Q

Central Business District (CBD)

A

The area of a city where business, consumer, and public services are clustered

33
Q

Combined Statistical Area (CSA)

A

In the US 2 or more continuous core-based statistical areas tied together by community patterns

34
Q

Concentric Zone Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings

35
Q

Core-based Statistical Area (CBSA)

A

In the US the collection of all metropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan statistical areas

36
Q

Density Gradient

A

The change in density in a urban area from the center to the periphery

37
Q

Edge City

A

Node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area

38
Q

Galactic (peripheral) Model

A

A model of North American urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road

39
Q

Gentrification

A

A process of connecting n urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-income, owner occupied area

40
Q

Informal Settlement

A

An area within a city in a developing country where housing has been built on land to which the occupants have no legal claim or has not been built to the city’s standards for legal buildings

41
Q

Megalopolis

A

A continuous urban complex, such as in the northeastern US

42
Q

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

A

In the US, an urbanized area of at best 50,000 population, the country within which the city is located, and adjacent countries meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city

43
Q

Micropolitan Statistical Area

A

An urbanized area of between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitant, the country in which it is located and adjacent countries tied to the city

44
Q

Multiple Nuclei Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities

45
Q

Municipality (Incorporate Place or Central City)

A

An urban settlement that has been legally incorporated into an independent, self-governing unit

46
Q

Rush Hour

A

The 4 consecutive 15-min periods in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic

47
Q

Sector Model

A

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the CBD

48
Q

Smart Growth

A

An approach to expanding urban areas in a manner that protects rural land for agricultural recreation and wildlife, by following 10 development principles, including a mix of residential and commercial uses, a range of housing types, walkable neighborhoods, and compact design

49
Q

Social Area Analysis

A

Statistical analysis used to identify where people or similar living standards, ethnic backgrounds, and lifestyles live within an urban area

50
Q

Sprawl

A

Development of new housing sites of relatively low density and at locations that are not contagious to the existing built up area

51
Q

Suburb

A

A residential or commercial area situated within an urban area but outside the central city

52
Q

Urban Area

A

A term to describe a central city in the US and its surrounding built-up suburbs

53
Q

Urban Cluster

A

A term no longer used to describe an urban area in the US with between 2500 and 50,000 inhabitants

54
Q

Urban Growth Boundary

A

Delineation of a boundary around an urban area within which now development must occur

55
Q

Urbanized Area

A

A term no longer used to describe an urban area in the US with at least 50,000 inhabitants

56
Q

Zoning Ordinance

A

A law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community

AP (9 decks)

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