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AP > Unit 2 Vocab (Population) > Flashcards

Unit 2 Vocab (Population) Flashcards

1
Q

Agricultural Density

A

The ration of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land

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2
Q

Antinatalist Policy

A

Government policy that supports the lower birth rates

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3
Q

Arable Land

A

Land suited for agriculture

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4
Q

Arithmetic Density

A

The total number of people divided by the total land area

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5
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

The maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the available resources

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6
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

The total number of live births in a year for every 1000 people alive in a society

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7
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1000 people alive in the society

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8
Q

Demographic Transition

A

The process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increases and higher total population (DTM

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9
Q

Demography

A

The scientific study or population characteristics

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10
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

The number of people under age 15 and over 65 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

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11
Q

Doubling Time

A

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of increase

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12
Q

Ecumene

A

The portion of Earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement

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13
Q

Epidemic

A

A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time

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14
Q

Epidemiological Transition

A

The process of change based on the distinctive causes of death in a population at each stage of the DTM

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15
Q

Epidemiology

A

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population at a specific time and are produced by some unique causes not generally present in the affected locality

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16
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

A series of improvements in machine driven technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods

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17
Q

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

A

The total number of deaths in a year among infants 1 year of age for every 1000 live births in a society

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18
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The average number of wars an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions

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19
Q

Maternal Mortality Rate

A

The annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management

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20
Q

Medical Revolution

A

Heath diagnostics and disease treatment technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to the developing countries in Latin America, Asia and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in developing countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

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21
Q

Natural Increase Rate (NIR/RNI)

A

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus crude death rate

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22
Q

Overpopulation

A

A situation in which a number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

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23
Q

Pandemic

A

An epidemic that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population at the same time

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24
Q

Physiological Density

A

The number of people per unit area of arable land

25
Q

Population Pyramid

A

A bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex

26
Q

Potential Support Ratio (Elderly Support Ratio)

A

The number of working the peoples divided by the number of people 65 and older

27
Q

Pronatalist Policy

A

Government policy that supports higher birth rates

28
Q

Sex Ratio

A

The number of males per 100 females in the population

29
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

The average number of children a women will have throughout her child bearing years

30
Q

Zero Population Growth

A

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero

31
Q

Asylum Seeker

A

Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee

32
Q

Brain Drain

A

Large-scale emigration by talented people

33
Q

Circular Migration

A

The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries

34
Q

Circulation

A

Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that reoccur on a regular basis

35
Q

Counterurbanization

A

Net migration from urban to rural areas in developed countries

36
Q

Emigration

A

Permanent movement of people from a location

37
Q

Family-Based Migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives previously migrated there

38
Q

Floodplain

A

The area subject to flooding during a given number of years, according to historical trends

39
Q

Forced Migration

A

Permanent movement of people compelled by political or environmental factors

40
Q

Guest Worker

A

A term once used for a worker in search of a higher paying job who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa

41
Q

Immigration

A

Permanent movement of people to a new location

42
Q

Internal Migration

A

Permanent movement of people within a particular country

43
Q

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

A

Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but who has not migrated across an international border

44
Q

International Migration

A

Permanent movement of people from one country to another

45
Q

Interregional Migration

A

Permanent movement of people from one region to another

46
Q

Intervening Obstacle

A

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration

47
Q

Intraregional Migration

A

Permanent relocation of people withing one region of a country

48
Q

Migration

A

A form of relocation diffusion involving permanent relocation of people to a new location

49
Q

Migration Transition

A

A change in the pattern of movement of people in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changed that also produces the demographic transition

50
Q

Mobility

A

All types or movements of people between locations

51
Q

Net Migration

A

The difference in a given place between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

52
Q

Pull Factor

A

A reason that induces people to move to a new location

53
Q

Push Factor

A

A reason that induces people to leave old locations

54
Q

Quota

A

In reference to migration a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year

55
Q

Refugee

A

Someone who is forced to migrate from their home country and can’t return to that country for fear of persecution because of race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion

56
Q

Remittance

A

Transfer of money by migrant workers from the country into which they immigrated to people in the country from which they emigrated

57
Q

Step Migration

A

Movement of people that follows a path of series of stages or steps toward a final destination

58
Q

Unauthorized Immigrant

A

A person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

59
Q

Voluntary Migration

A

Permanent movement of people undertaken by choice

AP (9 decks)

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