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AP World History Mr. Pitts > Unit 6 Test > Flashcards

Unit 6 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What nation replaced China as the dominant power in East Asia by 1899?

A

Japan

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2
Q

What British company was most influential in opening up China to outsiders?

A

British East India company

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3
Q

What product from India did this company sell in Chinese markets?

A

Opium

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4
Q

What was the Taiping rebellion? Who was the main leader? Who did he claim to he related to?

A

The leader was Hong Xiuquan, who claimed the be the younger brother of Jesus. People rebelled because they believed the mandate of heaven was lost and were tired of being neglected

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5
Q

Where is the Balkan region? What two empire/nations occupied this region befor WW2?

A

The Austrian and Ottomans empires occupied this zone before WW1, the Balkan region was located between these two empires

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6
Q

What are the direct causes of WW1 according to the book?

A

Militarism, nationalism, and intense imperial competition

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7
Q

What nations made up the Triple Alliance? What nations made up the Triple Entente?

A

Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria, Italy

Triple Entente: France, Britian Russia

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8
Q

How did nationalism affect public opinion in regards to entering WW1?

A

public opinion compounded the war atmosphere

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9
Q

How does the book described Trench Warfare?

A

Miserable in the muddy trenches, soldiers were called on to charge “over the top” and were shot at in attempt to over run enemy positions. They were also bombed and attacked with toxic gas.

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10
Q

Who was the leader of Russia during WW1?

A

Tsar Nicholas II

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11
Q

What effects did WW1 have on the Russian army?

A

They experienced mutiny, famine, death and were taken prisoner

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12
Q

What regions/nations was WW1 fought?

A

Germany, Russia, Ottoman empire, India, Eastern Europe, Pacific, Middle East

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13
Q

What caused the US to enter WW1?

A

Germany’s use of submarine warfare, including the Lusitania

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14
Q

Why was WW1 called the Great War according to the book?

A

The British called it the Great War

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15
Q

What nation and leader wanted to impose harsh reparations against Germany after WW1?

A

Georges Clemenceau of France

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16
Q

What was the Paris Peace conference? What countries were involved in the Paris Peace conference?

A

A conference about what to do after World War 1

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17
Q

What was the Weimar Republic? What issues or difficulties did it have?

A

The government of Germany created after WW2. They had trouble keeping a liberal political nature

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18
Q

What was the Mandate system? How was it applied to the Middle East?

A

A system for German and Ottoman provinces for the British and French to govern nations until they believed they were ready for liberation

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19
Q

What made the British occupation of Palestin complex?

A

It was impossible to please Jewish Zionists and Arab nationalists

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20
Q

Who was Vladimir Lenin? What were his political ideaologies?

A

Vladimir Lenin was a Bolshevik ruler of Russia

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21
Q

Who were the Bolsheviks? What was their goal under Lenin?

A

The Bolsheviks were a faction of WW1 Russia, and they envisioned a small dedicated group of revolutionists ruling with the interests of proletariats

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22
Q

Why did the Russian provisional government fail?

A

They lost legitimacy when they decided to keep fighting Germany

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23
Q

How did WW1 lead to Vladimir Lenin?

A

The political situation in Russia at the time WW1 was bad and he was able to put himself and the Bolsheviks in power

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24
Q

Describe the goals and ideaologies of Joseph Stalin?

A

Joseph Stalin wanted to pursue “capitalism in one country” and maintain his leadership

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25
Q

What did Stalin want to progress the Soviet Union through?

A

The Five Year plans

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26
Q

What was Stalin’s Five Year Plan?

A

A plan where he nationalized the economy and established harsh working laws and conditions

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27
Q

What is meant by “Socialism in one Country”?

A

Joseph Stalin’s slogan declaring that Soviet socialism could be achieved without passing through a capitalost phase

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28
Q

How would fascists describe the perfect state?

A

Authoritarian political doctrine based on nationalism

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29
Q

Who was Benito Mussolini?

A

Prime Minister of Italy(1882-1945) and the world’s first fascist leader

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30
Q

Where did Mussolini invade in 1896?

A

Ethiopia

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31
Q

When did Hitler take over the German government?

A

1933

32
Q

What were Hitler’s beliefs towards Jews?

A

As one of Germany’s “problems”

33
Q

What was Crystal Night?

A

Coordinated attacks against Jews under Hitler in Germany and Austria, where they smashed windows and burnt their homes, shops, and synagouges

34
Q

How did Hitler use propoganda to spread his views and recruit his supporters?

A

The propoganda amplified the excitement made by Hitler’s fan and was expertly made

35
Q

What was Soviet collectivization and how did Stalin utilize it?

A

Stalin’s replacement of peasant villages with large, state-run, collective farms following the idea of “Socialism in One Country”

36
Q

What happened to Turkey following WW1?

A

Turkey rose as an independent nation

37
Q

What caused Great Britian and France ti impose harsher policies on the colonies in the 1920s and the 1930s?

A

movements of anticolonial nationalism

38
Q

Who was Gandhi? What was his policy of Swaraj?

A

Gandhi was an Indian political leader who gained mass anticolonial support against the British. The Swaraj was the first public protest against the British

39
Q

What did the soinning of cotton on a spinning wheel synbolize for Gandhi?

A

It showed represented Gandhi’s beloef that the people of India should make their own cloth and not import British textiles

40
Q

What were the results of Gandhi’s salt march?

A

The Indians defied British laws that said the Indians couldn’t make their own salt from salt water by walking hundreds of miles to the Ocean

41
Q

Who was Nehru? In what ways was he different than Gandhi?

A

Neghru was the president of congress and did not believe moral transformation was a prerequisite to self rule, unlike Gandhi

42
Q

After WW2 what countries became the dominant world powers?

A

Soviet Union and United States

43
Q

What was the major turning point of WW2 for the Soviets?

A

The siege of Salingrad

44
Q

What was the major military technique used by the Germans in WW2?

A

Blitzkrieg

45
Q

England and France declared war on Germany after they invaded what country?

A

Poland

46
Q

Who was Chiang-Kai-Shek? How did he become an ally of the Allied forces in WW2?

A

A Chinese communist who was an ally of the Allied powers because he fought Japan

47
Q

What was the American naval strategy in the South Pacific during WW2?

A

“island-hopping”

48
Q

What events led to the defeat of Japan during WW2?

A

The blockade of Japan and the retaking of their islands by the Americans

49
Q

What happened to Japanese people living in the U.S.A after Pearl Harbor?

A

Their rights were taken and they were sent to detention camps

50
Q

What was the Yalta conference? What was the goal of this conference?

A

The Yalta conference was a conference held on the Black Sea for the founding of the UN

51
Q

What was Winston Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech in response to?

A

Communism and Soviet influence in Europe

52
Q

What was the Truman doctrine? What was the main goal of this Doctrine?

A

A declaration by president Harry Truman that the United States would aid anyone threatened by communism. Its goal was to execute the idea of containment

53
Q

What was the Berlin Airlift? What was it in response to?

A

The Berlin Airlift was Western countries dropping supplies into the Soviet half of Berlin in response to the Soviets cutting everything in East Berlin off

54
Q

What was the Marshall plan?

A

A U.S effort to rebuild post-World War 2 Europe

55
Q

What year did India become independent?

A

1947

56
Q

What was Mao’s Great Leap Forward? What was the idealistic goal of this policy?

A

The Great Leap Forward was Mao’s attempt declaring that agricultural collectives would be harnassed for industrial development. It was his attempt at rapid industrialization

57
Q

What President took the blame for the Bay of Pigs invasion?

A

John F. Kennedy

58
Q

Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban Missle crisis?

A

Nikita Krushchev

59
Q

What did the United States have to do in exchange for the Soviet removal of its missles in Cuba?

A

Threaten to go to war

60
Q

What new country was formed out of India due to the division between Hindus and Muslims?

A

Pakistan

61
Q

What was the 6 day war? What land was acquired as a result of the war?

A

A war between Egypt and Israel that resulted in Israeli occupation of Egypt’s Sinai desert, Syria’s Golan Heights, and the West Bank of the Jordan River

62
Q

Why did the French decide to end their ties with Vietnam?

A

They couldn’t fight in Algeria and in Vietnam at the same time

63
Q

What was a detente? What were its results?

A

The easing of tensions between the US and Soviet Union. The idea/possibility of nuclear war didnt go away, but it did recede

64
Q

What country did the Soviet Union invade in 1978?

A

Afghanistan

65
Q

The country invaded by the Soviet’s in 1978 was aided by which superpower?

A

The United States

66
Q

Who was Mikhail Gorbachev? What new social and economic policies did he implement in the Soviet Union?

A

Mikhail Gorbachev was a Soviet leader. He introduced Glasnost and Perestroika, decentralizing the government and allowing formerly taboo subiects to be discussed

67
Q

What was the solidarity movement?

A

A polish trade union that organized opposition to Polish communist rule and got a president they liked elected

68
Q

What does OPEC stand for? What caused OPEC to call for the oil boycott in 1974?

A

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. The called for the boycott because of American aid to Israel in their war with their Arab neighbors

69
Q

What did the Iranian Revolution of 1979 symbolize to Islamists?

A

A way for them to reject secular ideas and make their voices heard on a global stage

70
Q

Who was the Shah of Iran?

A

The ruler of Iran before Ayatollah Khomeini who ended up fleeing to the United States because of opposition

71
Q

What Asian nation underwent the most dramatic economic transformation in the 1970s and 1980s?

A

China

72
Q

Why were Deng Xiaoping’s economic policies so successful?

A

He did not care about the capitalist vs communist idea but he cared about what was best at the time

73
Q

What was the One Child policy? What were its outcomes?

A

A law punishing parents who have more than one child in China, which created a huge gender imbalance

74
Q

How has social media been used in protest in recent years?

A

It is used as a way to communicate ideas to people all over the place

75
Q

What country is the World’s largest democracy?

A

India

AP World History Mr. Pitts (8 decks)

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