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AP HUG Unit Terms > Unit 6 Terms > Flashcards

Unit 6 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Population growth

A

The increase in the number of humans in a particular place

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2
Q

Migration

A

The movement of people from one place to another

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3
Q

Economic development

A

Progress and development made to a countries economy

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4
Q

Urbanization

A

A country’s population shifts from being primarily rural to primarily urban

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5
Q

Suburbanization

A

The process by which people move from urban areas to outskirts/suburbs

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6
Q

Mega cities

A

A city that has a very large and growing population of over 10 million people

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7
Q

Metacities

A

Urban areas with over 20 million people

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8
Q

Periphery

A

the outer, less developed regions of a country or global system, typically characterized by low levels of economic development, reliance on primary resource extraction, and a subordinate relationship to the more powerful “core” regions

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9
Q

Semi periphery

A

countries that fall between the “core” and “periphery” in the world-systems theory

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10
Q

Sprawl

A

Uncoordinated growth without concern of consequence or the expansion of cities and urban areas into surrounding rural or undeveloped land

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11
Q

Decentralization

A

The tendency of people or businesses and industries to locate outside the central city

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12
Q

Edge cities

A

Notes of economic activity developed in the periphery of large cities

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13
Q

Green Revolution

A

Development during around the 1950s of higher yield and fast growing crops through increased technology, pesticides, and fertilizers

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14
Q

Exurbs

A

Prosperous residential districts, beyond the suburbs that are the outcome of counter urbanization

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15
Q

Boom burbs

A

Large rapidly growing incorporated communities of more than 100,000 residents that are not the biggest city in the region. Usually developed along a highway interchange

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16
Q

Urban hierarchy

A

the ranking of cities based on their size, population, and economic importance

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17
Q

Rank size rule

A

Rank of a city with an urban system predicts the size of the city. N – TH largest city in a region with the 1/N this size of the largest city.

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18
Q

Primate city

A

When the largest city in an urban system is more than twice as large as the next largest city

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19
Q

Gravity model

A

Interaction between two places depends on two things: distance between places and population of the two places

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20
Q

Christaller’s Central Place Theory

A

Developed to explain distribution of cities of different sizes across a region. Big city in the center less of the big cities and also smaller cities that are sort of like around.

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21
Q

Burgess Concentric-Zone Model

A

Describes urban land use in a city as organized in concentric cities radiating out from the center

22
Q

Hoyt Sector Model

A

Different types of land use in housing grow outward from the central business district in wedge is called sectors. These sectors are central business district (CBD) , industrial corridor, lower income, housing, middle income, housing, and upper income housing

23
Q

City’s Culture Infilling

A

Process where urban development fills up the vacant or unused land in urban areas

24
Q

Low medium high density housing

A

Density of dwelling per unit area of property

25
Q

Spatial patterns of economic and social development

A

Refers to how economic and social activities are distributed across space and how they vary across different region, cities or countries

26
Q

Mixed land use

A

Combines residential, commercial, cultural, or institutional functions into a building block or neighborhood

27
Q

Walk ability

A

The measure of how friendly an area is to walking

28
Q

Smart growth policies

A

Urban planning strategies that try to create sustainable communities by promoting efficient land use

29
Q

New urbanism

A

Urban design movement that promotes walkable neighborhoods

30
Q

What is a Greenbelt?

A

An area designated around an urban area to minimize urban sprawl and protect natural habitats.

31
Q

What are Slow-growth Cities?

A

Urban areas that prioritize sustainable, people-centered development over fast-paced development.

32
Q

What is Possible de facto Segregation?

A

Separation of groups without legal enforcement resulting from economic, social, or cultural factors instead of laws.

33
Q

What does Quantitative mean?

A

Numerical data that can be measured and analyzed statistically.

34
Q

What does Qualitative refer to?

A

A method that focuses on understanding the meaning and experience of individuals and groups through non-numerical data.

35
Q

What is Population Composition?

A

What characteristics the population is made up of.

36
Q

What is a Census?

A

Taking a count of the amount of people at a specific time.

37
Q

What is Redlining?

A

Withholding or reducing loans based on ethnicity or race.

38
Q

What is Blockbusting?

A

A real estate practice where agents induce panic selling in a neighborhood saying ethnic minorities are moving in so that the homeowners will sell for a lower rate.

39
Q

What is the Growth of Disamenity Zones?

A

Areas in the urban setting that experience a decline in economic and social factors, like high poverty and crime.

40
Q

What are Zones of Abandonment?

A

Where areas and buildings have deteriorated to a point of uninhabitability.

41
Q

What are Squatter Settlements?

A

Densely populated areas where people have settled without owning or legal rights to, because of the lack of housing.

42
Q

What is Gentrification?

A

the process by which an urban or suburban neighborhood transitions from housing people of mostly low-income status to housing middle class families.

43
Q

What is Inclusionary Zoning?

A

Making sure that new neighborhoods have affordable housing units.

44
Q

What is Urban Renewal?

A

Redeveloping urban areas that are underdeveloped.

45
Q

What is Suburban Sprawl?

A

Rapid expansion of residential areas into previously undeveloped land surrounding urban centers.

46
Q

What does Sanitation refer to?

A

The provision of services related to the safe disposal of human waste and the maintenance of clean environments to protect public health.

47
Q

What is Climate Change?

A

Lasting changes in the Earth’s climate due to human activity.

48
Q

What is Air & Water quality?

A

The quality of the Air and Water.

49
Q

What is the Ecological Footprint of Cities?

A

The environmental impact that cities have due to their resource consumption.

50
Q

What are Farmland Protection Policies?

A

Used to stop urban sprawl in agricultural land.

51
Q

What are Regional Planning Efforts?

A

Coordinated management and development in multiple areas or cities in a certain region.

AP HUG Unit Terms (6 decks)

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