Unit 6: Teamwork Flashcards
What are the main components of Wood & West/s definition of teamwork (the long one)
- Size 2-15
- Shared objectives
- Dependence
- Autonomy and control
- Responsibility and accountability (collective responsibility)
- Organizational identity.
Key components of definition 2 of teamwork: Kozlowski and Bell (2003)
2+ people
Perform organizationally relevant tasks
Share 1+ common goals
Interact socially
Exhibit task interdependencies
Org. Context maintains/ manages boundaries
What are the 3 coordination mechanisms?
Shared mental models
Closed loop communication
Mutual trust
Outline shared mental models
When the team has similar ways of processing information, responding to stimulus, and interpreting reality it will easier to be coordinated
Outline closed loop communication
Need interactions, frequent meetings (preferably face to face)
Outline Mutual trust
- Trust colleagues in your team & they must trust you.
- Suspicion of quality of team will reduce coordination
What are the 5 core components of teamwork
Leadership
Adaptability
Mutual performance monitoring
Backup behaviours (workload)
Team orientation (pressure or stress)
2 types of leadership
Formal: designated by formality (manager, supervisor)
Informal: spontaneous, naturally occurring within a social group. Members of the group subconsciously follow the leader
5 Types (categories) of teams in organizations
Strategy and policy teams
Production teams (factory
Service teams
Project and development team (healthcare professionals, researchers for breast cancer treatment)
Action and performance teams (football, lifeboat)
Dimensions of teams in organizations
Degree of performance (how long they’ve worked with the team)
Emphasis on skill/competence development (importance of the skills – healthcare professionals required specific skills and competencies)
Genuine autonomy and influence
Level of task from routine to strategic (strategic = top managers aiming to resolve the economical crisis. Routine = selling washing machines)
What are the 7 dimensions of working in a team
Autonomy &
Varied demands (needs diff people)
Completeness
Task significance (group motivation)
Developmental possibilities for task
Opportunities for learning
Requirements for interdependence
According to Cohen & Bailey, why do people work in teams ?
Organizational strategy
Speedy development and delivery of product/service
Learn effectively
Cross functional = ^ quality management & radical change
Creativity and innovation
What are the employee benefits of working in a team
Job satisfaction
Empowerment
Commitment
Citizenships
Task involvement& belongingness
What are the Organizational benefits of team work
Efficient processes
Flexible response to change
Improve effectiveness
Reduce costs
Increase innovation
Effective partnership with other org
Customer involvement
Employee well-being/commitment
More comprehensive utilisation of employees skills
What are the 3 main components of an effective team model
INPUT
PROCESSES
OUTPUT
What are the ‘inputs’ that impact the effectiveness of a team (according to effective team model)
Task design
Team effort & skills
Organizational support
Resources
What are the ‘processes’ that impact the effectiveness of a team (according to effective team model)
Objectives
Reflectivity
Participation
Task focus
Team conflict
Creativity and innovation
Leadership processes
What are the ‘output’ of an effective team (according to effective team model)
Team effectiveness
Team innovation
Inter-team relationships
Team member satisfaction
Attachment
what are the factors of task design and what part of the effective team model is it
It’s an INPUT
Complete task, autonomy (control), task relevance, feedback and interdependence
are all factors of task design that affect team effective as
What is the main premise of team effort and skills, the sub factors/ models used to understand it and which part of team effective as model
INPUT
members motivations, appropriate skills and potency (belief in success)
Ability & personality
Belbins team roles model
Generic Teamwork skills
Outline ability and personality (as a component of team effort & skill, a type of input in the team effectiveness model)
High ability = team performance
Big 5 models of personality: open/closed, agreeable/disagg, stable/unstable, extrav/introv, conscientious/un…
CONSCUENTIOUS & EXTRAVERTED = MOST EFFECTIVE
Which types of the big 5 personality model are most effective at team work
CONSCIENTIOUS & EXTRAVERTED
What are belbin’s 8 team roles model (CRISSTPC + M)
Coordinator - organise diff roles
Resource investigator - contacts
Implementer - executes plan
Shaper - bring form & realism
Specialist - expert
Team worker - good team climate
Plant - the idea
Complete finisher- tie lose ends
+ monitor evaluator (overlooks)
What are some generic teamwork skills
Active listening
Communication skills
Social perceptiveness
Self monitoring
Altruism (help w no expectation)
Warmth/cooperation
Patience/ tolerance
Outline Organizational support & wat part of the effective team model is it ?
INPUT
The structure (vertical, horizontal; hierarchy?)
Culture (trust, communication, involvement, training/teamwork, support
Ideal climate for teamwork = supportive, challenging, risk taking and idea generation
What is the ideal Organizational climate for team work
supportive, challenging, risk taking and idea generation
What are some systems for reviewing performance in the Organizational climate
Team outcomes
Team member growth/well-being
Inter team relations
Team goal setting
team innovation
Outline resources & which part of effective team model
INPUT
Material and Human Resources available
Outline objectives as a process within the effective team model
There must be clear objectives with commitment and agreement from all team members
Outline participation as a process within the effective team model
Decision making, communication, regular meetings, trust, safety & support
Decision making is affected by…
Social conformity
Status/ hierarchy
Group polarisation
Ignoring new info
Brainstorming
Outline TASK FOCUS as a process within the effective team model
Team examining their performance
Error management: what can be learnt from this mistake ? Not passing blame
CONSTRUCTIVE controversy: elaborate positions, search for understanding, integrate perspectives
Outline TEAM CONFLICT as a process within the effective team model
Task related or interpersonal conflict
Depends on how dealt with
- avoidance
- accommodate
- compete
- compromise
- collaborate
Outline CREATIVITY & INNOVATION as a process within the effective team model
Utilising new products and services
Have a creative climate
Reflect on performance
PROBLEM SOLVING : 4 stages
Exploration —> ideation —> Selection —> Implementation
Outline REFLECTIVITY as a process within the effective team model
Reflect on performance (3 stages)
1. Reflection
2. Planning (detailed, potential probs, prioritise, time scale)
3. Action (magnitude, novelty, radical & effective?)
What is decision making affected by
Social conformity
Status/ hierarchy
Group polarisation
Ignoring new info
Brainstorming
What are the 4 stages of problem solcigg bc
Exploration
Ideation
Selection
Implementation
