Unit 6 SKELETAL Flashcards
FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM
5
- Support
- Store fat and calcium
- Blood cell production
- Protection
- Leverage
SUBSTANCES THAT MAKE UP OF BONE TISSUE
- Calcium Phosphate - 66%
- Collagen - 33%
- Osteocytes - 1% (Bone cells)
CLASSIFICATIONS OF BONE SHAPES
4
- Long bones (ex. Arm)
- Short bone (ex. Wrist/Ankle)
- Flat bone (ex. Skull)
- Irregular (ex. Vertebrae)
Bone cells (3) But really only 2
- Osteocytes - Mature bone cells
- Osteoblasts - Build new bone (steal calcium form blood)
- Osteoclasts - Breakdown bone (Put calcium back in blood)
DIAGRAM OF LONG BONE
- Epiphysis (Proximal and Distal)
- Diaphysis (Long part)
- Marrow cavity (In the middle of Diaphysis)(Red blood cells are produced and fat is stored)
- Periosteum (Skin like thing around the bone)
- Endosteum (Layer inside the bone)
COMPACT & SPONGY BONE
Compact - Support, Protection, & Movement
- Inside the Periosteum (Outer Layer)
Spongy - Going more in the bone (Inner Layer) (Blood cell production and Ion exchange)
ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
Growth that hardens and lengthens bone
APPOSITIONAL GROWTH
Growth that increases the diameter of bone (Fattness to bone)
WHAT IS BONE BEFORE OSSIFICATION (HARDEN)
CARTILAGE
SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE @ THE ENDS OF LONG BONES
Hyaline cartilage
2 MAJOR TYPES OF FRACTURES
Closed - Fractures that happen that you cant see on the outside
Open - Fractures exit skin or body
STEPS OF FRACTURE REPAIR (4)
- Fracture Hematoma (Blood plug/Blood clot)
- Callus Formation (Laying down Cartilage)
- Spongy Formation (Making more bone)
- Compact Bone (Make even more bone)
OSTEOPENIA
&
OSTEOPOROSIS
PENIA - Is a condition that begins as you lose bone mass and your bones get weaker
POROSIS - Holes in your bones
