Unit 6 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Why is anxiety not like diabetes?
No earlier consensus on mental disorders.
No set causes or treatments.
Mental health takes lots of interpretation.
What is the mind inside of?
History/Politics
Culture/Society
Family/Social Group
Mind
The Sociopolitical and Critic Psychology Model
Mental suffering is not only in the individual.
Environment (family, economic, political) plays a role.
The Biopsychosocial Approach
Influences
Biological (genes, brain structure)
+
Psychological (stress, trauma)
+
Social-cultural (Roles, expectations, definitions of normality and disorder)
Diathesis-Stress Model
Diathesis (prone to thing because of genes or psychological past?) is triggered to be expressed by stress.
Different types of self harm behaviors
Suicide
Nomfatal suicide attempt
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI)
Dissociation
A mental process where a person my disconnect from their: body, thoughts, feelings, memories, and sense of identity
Examples of Dissociation
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): Two or more distinct personality states.
Dissociative Amnesia: Imability to remember important personal information, usually linked to traumatic event
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder: Persistent feeling disconnected from body (depersonal) or surroundings (derealize)
Critiques of DSM-5
Conflicts of interest (financial ties to drug companies)
Allegations of secrecy (told not to share documents during revision)
Poor methodology
Labeling (may hinder sense of autonomy and security)
Appeal to Popularity Fallacy
Just because something is widely accepted doesn’t mean it’s valid
(Ex. Slavery back in the day)
Erich Fromm proposed two fundamental human needs
Security and autonomy
Key aspects of Security
Feeling loved, protected, belonging
Tied to buying meaningful relationships. Can you trust other people?
Key aspects of Autonomy
Ability to be seperste from others, grow, transform.
Do you feel you can set boundaries? Be independent?
Neurosis (Who and what?)
Psychological suffering related to the mind (not brain!)
Carveth
Neuro (neuron)
Osis (state of disease, dis-ease)
Psychosis (Who and what?)
A break from reality. Strong sense of isolation
Carveth
Psyche (mind/soul)
Osis (disease, dis-ease)
Normality and Abnormality curve
Carveth
Psychologically healthy to psychosis, most people fall in the middle.
Criteria for diagnosis psychological disorders
One or multiple of the three:
Distress
Dysfunctionality
Risk of harm
OCD
Obsessions (Thoughts)
Compulsions (actions)
Examples: Exssesive hand washing, checking locks and appliances. Fears of terrie things happening. Needing exactness.
Unipolar disorders
Disorders on one side of the depression-manic spectrum.
Major depression, dysthymia, double depression.
Depression as a disguise for rage
Loved one dies, we feel abandoned, angry at them, can’t be angry at the dead, angry at ourselves instead, depression.
Schizophrenia - symptoms
Hallucinations and delusions
Others - disorganized thought and speech, problems with selective attention
Subtypes of Schizophrenia
Paranoid (Hallucinations and delusions)
Disorganized (flat affect, incoherent speech, random behavior)
Catatonic
Undifferentiated (varied symptoms)
Residual (Residual affects after positive affects are gone)
Schizophrenia: Positive symptoms
Positive: Something added. Hallucinations and delusions.
Schizophrenia: Negative symptoms
Negative: Something removed. Flat affect (no emotion in face), reduced social interaction, Anhedonia (no enjoyment), Avolition (less motivation), Alogia (speak less)
Catatonia (moving less)
