Unit 6 : Plant Nutrition Flashcards
Define Photosynthesis
the process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light
Word equation for Photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide»_space;light +chlorophyll»> Glucose + Oxygen
Balanced Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis
6CO₂ + 6H₂O»_space;light+chlorophyll» C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Define Chlorophyll
a green dye that traps light energy and converts it into chemical energy to form carbohydrates and their subsequent storage
What is Glucose used for?
for respiration, energy storage, cellulose cell walls, and making proteins and sugars
4 Uses and Storage of the Carbohydrates made in Photosynthesis
starch as an energy store, cellulose to build cell walls, glucose used in respiration to provide energy, sucrose for transport in the phloem
Use of Nitrate ions
making amino acids
What does a Deficiency of Nitrate Ions cause
small plant due to slow / stunted growth
Use of Magnesium Ions
making chlorophyll
What does a Deficiency of Magnesium Ions cause
plant lacks chlorophyll, causing it to turn yellow.
Define Limiting Factors
something present in the environment in such short supply that it restricts life processes
How does Light Intensity affect Photosynthesis?
- as the amount of light increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases {the limiting factor is light at this stage}
- after a certain point, increasing the light intensity doesn’t affect the rate of photosynthesis {the limiting factor will now be carbon dioxide or temperature}
Define Cuticle
the waxy layer that prevents water loss from the top of the leaf
Define Upper/Lower Epidermis
transparent cell that allows sunlight to pass through to the palisade cell
Define Palisade Mesophyll
is found at the top of the cell and contains many chloroplasts that absorb sunlight
Define Spongy Mesophyll
irregularly shaped cells that create air spaces to allow the gaseous exchange to take place; do not contain many chloroplasts
Define Vascular Bundles
made up of xylem and phloem
Define Xylem
vessel which transports water and dissolved minerals and has lignified walls made of cellulose
Define Phloem
a vessel that transports nutrients
Define Stomata
little holes that open and close to allow the gaseous exchange to occur. The stomata are close to prevent water loss and open to letting gases in and out. When guard cells lose water, the stoma closes (at night), while the stoma opens when guard cells gain water & swell (during the day).
Define Guard Cells
control the opening and closing of stomata
