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Health > Unit 6: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drugs > Flashcards

Unit 6: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a drug?

A

Any chemical substance that causes a physiological or psychological change when used.

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2
Q

What is a medicine?

A

A drug that is used to treat, prevent, or diagnose an illness.

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3
Q

What is a side effect?

A

Any effect that is caused by a drug that is different from its intended effect.

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4
Q

What is a prescription?

A

Medicine that can be bought only with a written order from a doctor.

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5
Q

What does a prescription include?

A 
Patients name
name of drug
form of drug
dosage level
directions for use
physician's name, address, phone number, and signature
Drug Enforcement agency registration
refill instructions
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6
Q

What is a brand name drug?

A

registered or have a trademark given by a pharmaceutical company

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7
Q

What is a generic drug?

A

Contains the same ingredients as a brand name drug but is less expensive and doesn’t have the trademarked name.

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8
Q

What is an over-the-counter medicine?

A

A medicine that can be bought without a prescription.

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9
Q

What is indication for use?

A

symptom the drug should be used for

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10
Q

What is contraindication for use?

A

symptom the OTC drug shouldn’t be used for

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11
Q

What are the types of drug interactions?

A

drug-drug
drug-food/ beverage
drug-condition

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12
Q

What is nicotine?

A

A highly addictive drug found in all tobacco products

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13
Q

What is tar?

A

Sticky, thick fluid that can coat the airways and cause cancer, formed when tobacco is burned

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14
Q

What is carbon monoxide?

A

odorless, tasteless gas that makes it hard for blood to carry oxygen

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15
Q

What are some harmful cigarette ingredients/

A 
formaldehyde
arsenic
acetone
hydrogen cyanide
tar
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16
Q

What is an addiction?

A

the inability to control the use of a drug

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17
Q

What is vaping?

A

the act of inhaling and exhaling aerosol produced by an e-cigarette or similar device

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18
Q

What is self-control?

A

the degree to which a person regulates their own behavior

19
Q

What is alcohol?

A

a drug that depresses the brain and central nervous system.

20
Q

What is fermentation?

A

the process in which yeast, sugar, and water are combined to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide.

21
Q

What is alcoholism?

A

A disease in which a person is physically and physiologically dependent on alcohol

22
Q

What is an inhibition?

A

a mental or physiological process that restrains your actions, emotions, and thoughts.

23
Q

What is intoxication?

A

the physical and mental changes because of alcohol, when you have more alcohol than liver can break down

24
Q

What is alcohol poisoning?

A

Damage to physical health by excess alcohol

25
Q

What is a hangover?

A

headaches, dizziness, upset stomach, nausea, and/or vomiting caused by alcohol.

26
Q

What are some short-term effects of alcohol?

A 
brain becomes less in control
thoughts, memory, and concentration are dulled
Lowered inhibitions
intoxication
burning of mouth and esophogal cells
increased heart rate/blood flow
decreased temperature
hangover
27
Q

What are some long-term effects of alcohol?

A 
Cirrhosis
Pancreatic bleeding
Type 2 diabetes
Loss of body fluids in kidneys
Inability of bladder to stretch properly
Swelling of male prostate gland
Fetal alcohol Syndrom
Male impotence
Irritation of digestive tract
Blockage of absorption of vitamins and amino acids
Inflammation of the heart
Increased amounts of fat around heart
Disruption of metabolism
Anemia
Death of brain cells
Inability of immune system to function properly
28
Q

What is BAC?

A

Blood Alcohol Concentration (amount of alcohol in the bloodstream) or Breath Alcohol content (amount of alcohol on the breath)

29
Q

What are factors that affect your BAC?

A 
Body weight
Gender
Amount of drinks
Time drinking
Dilution of the drink
Body chemistry
Carbonation of the drink
Presence of food before drinking
Setting and expectation 
Mood and emotional state
Use of other substances
Tolerance
30
Q

What is tolerance?

A

the more a person drinks, the more alcohol they need to achieve the same effects

31
Q

What is recovery?

A

learning to live without alcohol

32
Q

Why are illegal drugs illegal

A

They can kill the user, lead to homicides, suicides, and crime, and lower a person’s potential, motivation, and goal-setting abilities.

33
Q

What are the categories of illegal drugs?

A 
Stimulants
Depressants
Cannabis
Hallucinogens
Narcotics
34
Q

What are stimulants? Examples? What effect do they have?

A

Drugs that increase the body’s activity such as caffeine, cocaine, speed, methamphetamine, etc. Can cause increased heart and respiratory rates, high blood pressure, dilated pupils, decreased appetite, sweating headaches, blurred vision, dizziness, the inability to sleep, moodiness, restlessness, anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia

35
Q

What are depressants? Examples? What effects do they have?

A

Drugs that decrease activity in the body such as alcohol, heroin, morphine, barbiturates, and tranquilizers. They relax muscles, relieve feelings of tension and worry, bring on sleep, slow down the heart and breathing rate, reduce blood pressure, and cause physical and psychological dependence.

36
Q

What are cannabis? Examples? What effects do they have?

A

Products associated with cannabis plants such as marijuana (also called pot or weed) and hashish. It affects memory, concentration, coordination, reaction time, decision making, motivation, and damages lungs, causes cancer, paranoia, lack of energy, and personality problems.

37
Q

What are hallucinogens? Examples? What effects do they have?

A

Drugs that cause hallucinations such as LSD, peyote, and psilocybin. They alter moods, thoughts, and sense of perceptions, including vision, hearing, smell, touch, and cause hallucinations and flashbacks.

38
Q

What are narcotics? Examples? What effects do they have?

A

A drug affecting mood or behavior and sold for nonmedical purposes such as opium, ecstasy, and oxycodone. They cause drowsiness, confusion, depression, paranoia, psychosis, increase heart rate/blood pressure, depress respiration resulting in coma or death, and damage brain cells.

39
Q

What is an opiod?

A

A synthetic compound derived to mimic the effects of opium that has addictive properties and physiological effects and are used to reduce pain.

40
Q

What is an intervention?

A

A gathering of the people who are close to a person who is abusing drugs.

41
Q

What is a treatment center?

A

A facility with trained doctors and counselors where people who abuse drugs can get help

42
Q

What is detoxification?

A

The process by which the body rids itself of harmful chemicals.

43
Q

What is a relapse?

A

When a person starts using drugs again after stopping for a while.

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