Unit 6

Question 1

Descriptive study definition

Answer 1

decribes the what relative to the who, where, and when. whihc help to understand the why. no attempt to estlbish an assoication between cause and effect

ex. case reports, case series, surveys

Question 2

analytical sutides

Answer 2

describe the why, relative to the what who, where, and when. investigate reasons, and determine measures of assoication

ex. obersvationa and experimental

Question 3

oberservtional studies denifniton

Answer 3

no contorl over the allocation of subjects to the groups beinf compared. watch a group of subjects and observe their exposure and outcome status

good for hypothesis generating

three type, cross sectional, case study, and cohort

Question 4

experiment studies definition

Answer 4

researchers randomly allocate subjects to the groups being compared,

good for hypothesis testing

2 main types: lab trials and feild trials

Question 5

observational studies: cross-sectional

Answer 5

answers the question, is the exposure related to the outcome?

smaple study subjects without regard to exposure or outcome status. randomly sample the population of interest at a single point or peroid of time. then assess both exposure and outcome status and compare the prevalence of disease in the exposed and non exposed groups

determine if exposure positive or neg, and classify based on O status

only measures prevalence not incidence

Question 6

obersvational studies: case-control

Answer 6

begins with the selection of study subjects based on their outcome status and investigators look backwards in time to assess whether each subject was exposed or not exposed

Question 7

obersvational studies: cohort

Answer 7

slection of study subjects based on their exposure status, invetigators follow these groups over a pre-determined amount of time to see if you get the outcome

can estimer incidence