Unit 6 Flashcards
Ivan III
-Ivan the Great
-divine right -> took over Eastern Orthodox
Ivan IV
-Ivan the terrible
-reign of Terror
-controlled economy with royal monopolies
Reign of terror
Ivan IV taking land away from boyars
Boyars
Nobles
Cossacks
Military bands of peasants
Time of Troubles
-after Ivan IV’s death
-power struggle
-crowned Michael Romanov
Michael Romanov
Czar after Ivan IV
Peter the Great
-fascinated w/ Western technology
-military reforms
-modernization through Westernization
-Authoritarian w/ traditional values
Great Embassy
-Peter the Great visiting Western Europe
-hired foreigners to build army, new tech, and establish industries
Great Northern War
-1700-1721
-Russia, Denmark, and Poland vs. Sweden
-Russia wants warm water ports (Baltic Sea)
Charles XII
-King of Sweden
-went against Peter the Great Northern War
-underestimated
Battle of Paltova
-End of the Great Northern War
- Russia took Estonia and Latvia
-became recognized as a power
Peter the Great’s military advancements
-increased size of army
-draft -> served for life
-used western tech (guns + cannons)
-navy building
-infrastructure to transport soldiers
Peter the Great’s political reforms
-poll tax on males
-nobles had to serve in gov + military for life
-5 years of schooling for noble boys
-Table of Ranks
-Divided Russia into provinces w/ advisors that made sure rules were followed
-senate of advisors
Table of Ranks
-Political reform of Peter the Great
-non-nobles rising to the top of the bureacracy
-meritocracy
Revolt of the Streltsy
-boyars rising against Peter the Great
-led to boyars needing to serve military + gov for life
Social reforms of Peter the Great
-Speaking French in Court
-Boyars have to dress Western (ex: cutting their beards, attire)
-Women given more power
-able to have more say in marriage
-mingled w/ men in public
-did not have to wear veils in public
Peter the Great’s religious reforms
-abolished patriarch
-placed control to Holy Synod of Bishops
Holy Synod of Bishops
-appointed by Peter the Great
-loyal to czar
St. Petersburg
-capital build by Peter the Great
-forced nobles to pay
-forced peasants to work
-force people to move there
St. Petersburg
-capital build by Peter the Great
-forced nobles to pay
-forced peasants to work
-force people to move there
Hapsburgs after Treaty of Utrecht
-no more Spanish Hapsburgs
-Philip V on throne
-Austrian Hapsburgs continued to be HRE
Ferdinand II
-Austrian ruler
-took lands away from Protestant Czech nobles and gave them to Catholics
-religious uniformity
Ferdinand III
-Austrian leader
-Creates permanent standing army
Leopold I
-Austrian leader
-restricted Protestant worship
-religious uniformity
-relied on nobles
-Siege of Vienna
Siege of Vienna
-Leopold I kicked the Ottomans out of central Europe
-Austria took control of Croatia, Serbia, Transylvania, and Hungary
Charles VI
-Austrian leader
-received Spanish Netherlands after Peace of Utrecht
-Pragmatic Sanctions
Pragmatic Sanctions
-Charles VI
-Hapsburg possessions should never be divided when passed down
-even if heir is female
Magyars
Hungarians
Prince Francis Rákóczy
-Hungarian
-rebelled against Austria for an independent political Hungarian state
Hohenzollen
-electors for HRE
-family that ruled over Brandenburg-Prussia
Frederick William
-The Great Elector
-mercantilist
Junkers
Prussian nobles
Fredrick William’s deal with Junkers
king gets: loyalty + estates
Junkets get: more power over serfs, tax exemptions, and military positions
Frederick I
-the Ostentatious
-helped HRE in war of Spanish Succession
-made king of Prussia
Frederick William I
-the soldiers king
-grew Prussian army
