Unit 5 Flashcards
Jean Bodin
founded the basis of absolutism w/ philosophy
Jaques Bousset
-tutor to Louis XIV
-Dive right to rule
Henry IV
Henry of Navarre
Duke of Sully
Mercantilist Finance Minister under Henry IV
Cardinal Richilieu
-chief minister under Louis XIII
-politique
Peace of Alais
-made it that Huguenots could not have political power
-Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XIV’s reign
1643-1715
Fronde
-1648-1653
-power struggle between monarchy + parliament of France
Cardinal Jule Marazin
-successor of Cardinal Richelieu
-Fronde
Edict of Fontainebleau
-1685
-Louis XIV revoking Edict of Nantes
Duke de Saint Simon
Wrote about living in Versailles under Louis XIV
Jean Baptiste Colbert
-General of finances under Louis XIV
-Mercantilist
LeTelleir
-Marquis de Luvois
-Secretary of war under Louis XIV
-in charge of recruitment
Jean Martinet
-Lieutenant under Louis XIV
-in charge of maintaining order of soldiers
War of Devolution
France trying to take over Spanish Netherlands
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Ended the War of Devolution
The Dutch War
France trying to weaken Dutch trade
Treaty of Nijmwegan
Ended the Dutch War
The Nine Years War/The War of the League of Augsburg
France expanded down the Rhine
William of Orange
-King of England
-Led league of Augsburg
Peace of Ryswick
Ended the Nine Years War/War of the League of Augsburg
War of Spanish Succession
-1701-1713
-War over Spanish throne between French Bourbon’s and Austrian Hapsburgs
Philip of Anjou
Bourbon who was set to inherit Spanish throne
Grand Alliance
Everyone vs. France in the War of Spanish Succession
Peace of Utrecht
-1713
-Philip of Anjou becomes king
-Austrian Hapsburgs gain Austrian Netherlands, Naples, Milan
-England gets Hudson Bay Area and Newfoundland and Straight of Gilbaltrar
James I
-King of England
-did not want Puritans in Parliament
-“No Bishop, No King!”
Gunpowder Plot of 1605
-November 5th
-Attempt to blow up Parliament
-Guy Fawkes
Charles I
-Son of James I
-Uniformed Book of Common Prayer
-bypass Parliament to raise taxes (ship tax)
True Law of Free Monarchies
-written by James I
-divine right to rule
Petition of Knight
-issued against Charles I
-only Parliament could tax
-Charles I could not arrest members of Parliament without cause
Long Parliament
Parliament staying in power from 1640-1660 under Charles I
Triennial Act
Parliament had to be called every three years
English Civil War
-1642-1649
-Roundheads (gentry) vs. Cavilers (Royalists)
-Charles I executed
Rump Parliament
Cromwell’s supporters left
Commonwealth
-1649-1653
-England’s attempt at a Republic
Protectorate
-1653-1659
-military dictatorship under Oliver Cromwell in England
Oliver Cromwell
-successor of Charles I
-Protecterate
-Disbanded Parliament
-Mercantilist
-Religious toleration of Protestants + Jews
-Puritan values -> censorship (not popular)
-Crushed Ireland (Catholic)
Navigation Act
-1651
-Oliver Cromwell
-English goods only on English ships
Instrument of Government
-Oliver Cromwell
-Attempt at English constitution
Levelers
-English radicals
-Universal male sufferage
Diggers
-English radicals
-common property
The Interregnum
-England
-Time after Charles I executed
-England no king -> Commonwealth -> Protecterate
The Restoration
-1660-1688
-England returning to a monarchy after the Protectiorate
-Charles II
-1st restoration monarch
Declaration of Breda
Charles II pardoning everyone who went against the government during the English Civil War + interregnum
Cabal
-Cabinet where Charles II tried to get along with Parliament
-failed because Parliament refused to give him money
Treaty of Dover
-Charles II’s treaty with Louis XIV
-Charles Catholicize England -> Louis XIV gave him money
Test Act
-Parliaments reaction to the Treaty of Dover
-only Anglicans can hold office
James II
-brother + successor of Charles II
-Catholic
-Violated Test Act
Wigs
-Parliament party who opposed James II
Tories
Loyalist Parliamentary party
The Glorious Revolution
-1688
-William of Orange + Mary Stewart take over English thrown
-Parliament appointed them
-did not want to be surrounded by Catholics
-wanted English recourses to fight French
Mary Stewart
-daughter of James II
-Protestant
-Married William of Orange
William of Orange
-married to Mary Stewart
-Dutch Protestant leader
Outcomes of the Glorious Revolution
-end of divine right
-monarchy shared power with Parliament
-establishment of a constitutional monarchy in England
English Bill of Rights
-1689
-Monarch is not above the law
-reaffirms Parliaments power
-shows People’s rights
Toleration Act
-1689
-Protestants dissenters may worship
-Only Anglicans can hold office
Act of Succession/Settlement
-1701
-only Anglicans can succeed English thrown
Creation of United Kingdom
-1707
-England joins Scotland
Thomas Hobbes
-wrote Leviathan in response to English Civil War
John Locke
-Wrote Treatises on Government to defend the English Bill of Rights
