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Unit 6 Flashcards

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0
Q

Characteristics of the South?

A
  1. ) Oligarchy: families with more slaves ran the politics
  2. ) Undemocratic was the oligarchy
  3. ) Sir Walter Scott
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1
Q

What were some characteristics of the Cotton Kingdom?

A
  1. ) Huge Agricultural Factory made
  2. ) North sold cotton abroad
  3. ) South produced most of the world’s cotton
  4. ) Britain in partial bondage = US has more power
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2
Q

Author, promoted a feudal society

A

Sir Walter Scott

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3
Q

Cons of the Cotton Empire?

A
  1. ) Wasteful agriculture
  2. ) Monopolistic economy
  3. ) Financial Instability of the South
  4. ) South hated how the North reaped benefits of the Cotton Empire
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4
Q

Excessive Cultivation

A

People butchered the land

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5
Q

Monopolistic economy

A 
Big = bigger 
Small = smaller
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6
Q
  1. ) Heavy investment in slavery

2. ) Slaves injured themselves, ran away, or were killed

A

Financial instability of the slave system

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7
Q

Small Slaveowners

A
  1. ) Small farmers

2. ) worked with the slaves on the farms

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8
Q

Whites without slaves

A
  1. ) no slaves
  2. ) simple living
  3. ) “white trash”
  4. ) most were sick
  5. ) wanted slaves
  6. ) still above the blacks
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9
Q
  1. ) Valleys of Appalachians
  2. ) spartan frontier conditions
  3. ) hated planters and blacks
  4. ) crippled confederacy
A

Mountain whites

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10
Q
  1. ) inspired by idealism of the revolutionary days
  2. ) mulattoes
  3. ) purchased their freedom
  4. ) owned property
  5. ) hated by most people
A

Freed Blacks

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11
Q

Was legal importation allowed after 1808?

A

Nope

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12
Q

How did the slaves come?

A

They were smuggled into the US, but no one was punished

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13
Q

He was punished for smuggling slaves into the US:

A

N.P. Gordon

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14
Q

Increase in slave population came from:

A

Natural reproduction

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15
Q

Slaves were regarded as:

A

Investments

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16
Q

Did the owners give life-threatening jobs to slaves? Why?

A

No, because the slaves costed money and were “property”.

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17
Q

Who was given the dangerous jobs?

A

The Irish

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18
Q

Slavery did what to the economy?

A

Hobbled it

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19
Q

These were brutal:

A

Slave auctions

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20
Q

The conditions of the slaves:

A

Varied

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21
Q

What rights did the slaves have?

A
  1. ) Minimal protection from murder or cruel punishments

2. ) some states banned sale of a child under 10 years

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22
Q

Most slaves were in the:

A

Black belt of the Deep South

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23
Q

The Deep South was

A

SC and GA to AL, MI and LA

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24
Q

Stable family life was on:

A

Large plantations

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25
Q

Slaves hung onto:

A

Their religious practices

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26
Q

Could most salves read?

A

Nope

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27
Q

Slave revolt in Richmond:

A

Gabriel

It failed

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28
Q

Rebellion in Charleston:

A

Vesey

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29
Q

Semi-successful revolt

A

Turner

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30
Q

Abolitionist movement was first stirred among:

A

Quakers

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31
Q

Abolitionists focused on:

A

Transporting slaves to Africa

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32
Q

Why didn’t the slave want to go to Africa?

A

They were “Americanized” and had their own culture

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33
Q

What was founded to transport slaves back to Africa?

A

American Colonization Society

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34
Q

Causes of the abolitionist movement:

A
  1. ) Britain unchained slaves in WI
  2. ) second Great awakening
  3. ) Weld
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35
Q

Preached antislavery gospels

A

Weld

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36
Q

Weld’s supporters were called

A

Lane Rebels

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37
Q 
Abolitionist
Stubborn 
Wouldn't tolerate slavery at all 
No balm for the pain 
Wrote the "liberator"
A

Garrison

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38
Q

No clothes of cotton because made by slaves

A

Phillips

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39
Q

Former slave

Flexible and practical

A

Douglass

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40
Q

The south tried to defend slavery by saying that it:

A

1.) was a positive good

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41
Q

Cause of south lashing back:

A
  1. ) turner rebellion

2. ) nullification crisis

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42
Q

Petitions of freedom of press by

A

Abolitionists

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43
Q

The north didn’t want south to secede because:

A
  1. ) heavy economic stake

2. ) firm believers of constitution

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44
Q

Politicians didn’t want to be known as:

A

Garrisonians

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45
Q

Douglass created this party:

A

Free Soil Party

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46
Q

Who became the president after Harrison? What party did he belong to?

A

John Tyler, Whigs party

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47
Q

Why was Tyler put on the presidential ticket?

A

To attract the southern gentry.

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48
Q

While the Whigs supported it, Tyler:

A

Opposed the bank, protective tariff, and internal improvements

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49
Q

Tyler was a _____ at heart.

A

Democratic

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50
Q

The Whigs’ platform was:

A

Strongly nationalistic

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51
Q

The Whig Congress wanted to pass a law that ended:

A

Independent treasury.

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52
Q

Clay proposed a bill to establish a new Bank and called it a:

A

Fiscal Bank

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53
Q

President Tyler ____ the Fiscal Bank Bill.
A. Signed
B. Vetoed

A

B. Vetoed

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54
Q

After Tyler vetoed the Fiscal Bank Bill, the Whig leaders tried to pass this:

A

Fiscal Corporation

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55
Q

Did Tyler sign the Fiscal Corporation bill?

A

No. He vetoed it.

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56
Q

Because Tyler did not agree with the Whigs, the leaders tried to:

A

Impeach him, but didn’t succeed.

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57
Q

Tyler didn’t want tariffs, and vetoed the bill because it called for a:

A

Distribution of revenue from the sale of western lands among the states

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58
Q

After the tariff bill was redrafted, the clauses excluded:

A
  1. ) The dollar-distribution scheme

2. ) high rates

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59
Q

Did Tyler sign the redrafted tariff bill? Why or why not?

A

Yes, because the US needed additional revenue

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60
Q

Why did the Americans hate the British?

A
  1. ) The two Anglo-American wars.
  2. ) The Jacksonian Democrats HATED the British unlike the Federalists who were Pro-British.
  3. ) The British basically bitched about the bad parts of the American life in their travel books and the Americans were mad.
  4. ) The US borrowed stuff from the British, who were basically jerks.
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61
Q

What did the British do to enrage the Americans after writing about them in travel books? Did it result in a war?

A

The magazines worsened the situation. No, there was no “war”, but people just wrote about each other.

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62
Q

What HEIGHTENED the conflict?

A

The Americans helped the Canadians in their insurrection and supplied weapons.

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63
Q

Why didn’t the neutrality regulations of Washington work?

A

Regulations couldn’t be enforced properly.

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64
Q

What led to a “broil” in 1837?

A

American steamer “Caroline” was attacked by a British force when it was crossing the Niagara River.

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65
Q

What was the “McLeod” thingy majiggy about?

A

McLeod was boasting about his part in the raid of the “Caroline” and he was arrested. The British said a war would take place if McLeod was executed. He was freed later.

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66
Q

Why did tensions grow after the McLeod incident?

A

British officials in the Bahamas offered refuge to Virginian slaves and the US feared the Caribbean would be like Canada for the slaves.

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67
Q

What was the Maine Boundary Dispute?

A

The British wanted to build a route but it ran through the disputed territory claimed by Maine.

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68
Q

Aroostook War?

A

Fights between the local militias of the two sides. Small-scale war which would become a wide-scaled war.

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69
Q

What pacified the sides during the Maine dispute?

A

Ashburton established cordial relations with Webster. Compromise on the Maine boundary.

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70
Q

What did the compromise of the Maine Boundary thingy say?

A
  1. ) Americans had 7,000 square miles of land.
  2. ) British had 5,000 square miles of land. THEY GOT THE ROUTE!
  3. ) BRITISH SURRENDERED 6,500 SQUARE MILES OF LAND!
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71
Q

Mexico viewed Texas as ___ and openly threatened to _____ if they annexed Texas:

A

providence in revolt; fight the Americans

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72
Q

Why did Texas make negotiations with Britain and France?

A

to become a protectorate.

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73
Q

Why did Britain want Texas?

A
  1. ) Challenge the Monroe Doctrine
  2. ) Free-trade area
  3. ) If a few slaves were freed, all the slaves would revolt = British abolitionists.
  4. ) No more “American” fiber needed.
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74
Q

The Democrats under Polk _______ want Texas in the Union.

A

Did.

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75
Q

Who won the issue of Texas annexation? Democrats or Whigs?

A

Democrats (Uh, duh?)

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76
Q

Tyler wanted annexation so he opted for a:

A

joint resolution.

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77
Q

What was the joint resolution?

A

Majority in both HofR and Senate.

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78
Q

Result of the joint resolution?

A

Pass!

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79
Q

Which countries claimed areas in Oregon?

A

Spain, Russia, Britain, US

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80
Q

Which countries opted out of the Oregon territory?

A

Spain (Florida Treaty of 1819) and Russia (Treaties of 1824 and 1825)

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81
Q

Britain claims to Oregon were based on?

A

prior discovery and exploration, treaty rights, and occupation

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82
Q

American claims to Oregon were strengthened by?

A

the missionaries

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83
Q

What was the scheme of “joint occupation” in Oregon?

A

Americans and British lived side by side.

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84
Q

Why did British eventually lose?

A

The American population was HUMONGOUS.

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85
Q

Parties and Candidates of the Election of 1844?

A

Dems: Polk
Whigs: Clay

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86
Q

the Dems believed in?

A

Manifest Destiny

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87
Q

The victory of Polk was viewed as?

A

A mandate to annex Texas.

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88
Q

Goals of Polk?

A
  1. ) Lowered tariff
  2. ) Restoration of independent treasury
  3. ) Acquisition of Cali
  4. ) Settlement of the Oregon dispute
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89
Q

Result of the Oregon dispute?

A

The British proposed the Compromise of the line of 49 degrees. Basically, not all of it.

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90
Q

Status with Mexico and US?

A

Diplomatic relations were completely severed.

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91
Q

What was the boundary of Texas?

A

Nueces River.

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92
Q

Texans wanted?

A

Rio Grande

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93
Q

Who was sent to Mexico for Cali?

A

John Slidell

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94
Q

Polk did what to provoke war with Mexico?

A

Asked Taylor to march near Mexican forces

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95
Q

Santa Anna told Polk that:

A

If he could go back to Mexico, he would sell Cali. In reality, he didn’t.

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96
Q

Kearny was to:

A

Get Cali

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97
Q

Who helped overthrow Mexican rule in 1846 and collaborated with US officers?

A

Fremont

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98
Q

Who was the hero of Buena Vista?

A

General Zachary Taylor

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99
Q

Who crushed Mexico City?

A

Scott

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100
Q

Who wrote the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

A

Trist

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101
Q

What was the other problem of the Manifest Destiny?

A

Get Mexico!

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102
Q

What did the Treaty Guadalupe Hidalgo say?

A
  1. ) American title to Texas
  2. ) Oregon and Cali yielded
  3. ) Ended the Mexican-American War
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103
Q

Why didn’t people want Mexico?

A

Too expensive and hard to handle and slavery

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105
Q

Result of the Mexican War?

A
  1. ) Ugly relations with Latin America
  2. ) Heightened slavery issue
  3. ) MEXICAN WAR LED TO THE CIVIL WAR
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106
Q

Wilmot Proviso?

A

No slavery in the territories acquired by the MA War.

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107
Q

Who was the candidate for the Dem party in 1848?

A

General Lewis Cass

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108
Q

What did Cass have to say about the slavery issue?

A

Popular Sovereignty: The people should determine it.

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109
Q

What was Cass known as?

A

The father of popular sovereignty.

110
Q

What did most politicians do during the Election of 1848?

A

Ignore it.

111
Q

Who was the candidate for the Whigs’ party 1848?

A

General Zachary Taylor

112
Q

Who did the Free Soil Party attract?

A
  1. ) Industrialists upset with Polk’s decision to reduce protective tariffs
  2. ) Democrats who wanted all of Texas AND Oregon
  3. ) Northerners who did not want to share western land with the blacks
113
Q

Free Soil Party’s beliefs?

A
  1. ) No slavery

2. ) “Slavery destroys chances of whites to rise up”

114
Q

Candidate of the Free Soil Party?

A

Van Buren

115
Q

Who won the election of 1848?

A

Taylor, Whigs

116
Q

What happened in 1848 that “blew the cover off”?

A

California Gold Rush

117
Q

What did the overflow of miners in California result in?

A

More crimes like robbery, claim jumping, and murder.

118
Q

What did the outburst of crimes in Cali lead to?

A

Californians drafted a constitution that excluded slavery and boldly applied to Congress for admission.

119
Q

What would the admission of Cali as a free state do to the south?

A

Destroy the equilibrium in the Senate and HofR.

120
Q

What was Texas’s problem?

A

Texas wanted the area east of the Rio Grande and North to the 40, 2 parallel - half of NM.

121
Q

Why were the Southerners upset?

A
  1. ) Talks of abolition

2. ) Loss of runaway slaves due to the Underground Railroad

122
Q

Who was famous for the Underground Railroad?

A

Harriet Tubman

123
Q

What was Harriet Tubman called?

A

Moses

124
Q

What did the Southerners do to stop the runaway slaves?

A

Demand a new and more stringent fugitive-slave law.

125
Q

What did the Southerners threatened to do?

A

Meet in Nashville to withdraw from the Union

126
Q

What did the threat lead to?

A

People met in Washington to discuss the matter.

127
Q

What did Clay propose?

A

North and South make concessions and North strengthens the fugitive-slave law.

128
Q

What did Calhoun say about Clay’s proposal?

A

Reject it because it didn’t provide adequate safeguards for southern rights.

129
Q

What did Calhoun want?

A

Leave slavery alone, return runaway slaves, give the south its rights as a minority and restore the political balance. HAVE TWO PRESIDENTS

130
Q

What did Webster propose?

A

Reasonable concessions to the South. New fugitive-slave law with teeth. Compromise, concession, and sweet reasonableness.

131
Q

Old Guard?

A

Webster, Calhoun, Clay

132
Q

Seward

A

A strong antislaveryite, was against concession.

133
Q

What did President Taylor have to say about compromise?

A

No compromise. He would kill dissenters.

134
Q

Who took over the office after Taylor’s death?

A

Fillmore

135
Q

Did Fillmore support the compromise?

A

Yes

136
Q

Was the South happy with the concessions?

A

Nope

137
Q

What did the South do to fight the concessions?

A

Boycott northern goods, but soon turned back to it

138
Q

The assemblage of southern extremists met to do what?

A

condemn compromise.

139
Q

Did the meeting of s. extremists work?

A

Nope.

140
Q

Second Era of Good Feelings

A

No secession or anything.

141
Q

Who got the better deal in the Com. of 1850? Why?

A

North

  1. ) Cali = free
  2. ) NM and Utah also WANTED to be free (pop. sov)
  3. ) Texas free
142
Q

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

A

The Bloodhound Bill

The fleeing slaves couldn’t testify in their own behalf and were denied jury.

143
Q

Personal Liberty Laws

A

Denied local jails to federal officials and hampered enforcements

144
Q

Result of Fugitive Slave Law of 1850?

A

Antagonism against South. North got more time and got stronger.

145
Q

Candidate of Dems in Election of 1852

A

Pierce, he won

146
Q

Pierce believed:

A
  1. ) Slavery = yes

2. ) Territorial expansion = yes

147
Q

Whigs’ candidate of 1852:

A

Scott, he lost

148
Q

Why did the Whigs lose?

A

Party was split

149
Q

Significance of the election of 1852

A

End of the Whigs party. Rise of sectional political alignments and end of national parties.

150
Q

Treaty of 1848?

A

American right of transit across the isthmus in return for Washington’s pledge to maintain the perfect neutrality of the route.

151
Q

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850

A

Neither US nor Britain would seek control of any future isthmian waterway

152
Q

He tried to gain control of Nicaragua, became president of it, eventually overthrown.

A

William Walker

153
Q

Southerners wanted which country?

A

Cuba

154
Q

Administration must offer $120 million for Cuba. If Spain refused, US would be justified in “wresting” it from Spain.

A

Ostend Manifesto

155
Q

What happened after the news of Ostend Manifesto was out?

A

The scheme was dropped.

156
Q

The US wanted which Asian country?

A

China

157
Q

Who was sent to China?

A

Cushing

158
Q

First formal diplomatic agreement b/w US and China. Vital rights in China

A

Treaty of Wanghia

159
Q

What else did opening of China do?

A

open way for missionaries

160
Q

Which other country did US want?

A

Japan

161
Q

Who was sent to Japan?

A

Perry

162
Q

Treaty of Kanagawa

A

Proper treatment of sailors, American coaling rights in Japan, and establishment of consular relations.

163
Q

What was needed to travel from one part of country to the other?

A

Transcontinental railroad

164
Q

Gadsden Purchase

A

Ceded to the US the G. Purchase area for $10 million.

165
Q

Why was Kansas needed?

A

To make the transcontinental railroad.

166
Q

What happened to the territory of Kansas?

A

Divided into Kansas and Nebraska. Slave status depended on pop. sov. l

167
Q

How did people react to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise?

A

Northerners were furious.

168
Q

Results of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

A

Dems were shattered (not the party). Republican party formed.

169
Q

Which book did Stowe write?

A

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

170
Q

Which book did Helper write?

A

The Impending Crisis of the South

171
Q

Why did Helper write his book?

A

To say that nonslaveholding whites suffered the most.

172
Q

What were the northerners doing in the new territories (Kansas-Nebraska)?

A

They were taking ordinary antislavery northerners to Kansas and Nebraska.

173
Q

What did the South think was going to happen to Kansas and Nebraska?

A 
Kansas = Slave
Nebraska = Free state
174
Q

Why wouldn’t slaveowners take slaves to Kansas?

A

Slaves were valuable property and it was foolish to take them to a place where bullets were flying.

175
Q

What happened when members of the territorial legislature were to be elected?

A

Proslavery southerners went early and they set up their own govt at Shawnee Mission.
Free-soilers established their regime in Topeka.

176
Q

Who was John Brown?

A

Dedicated abolitionist

177
Q

What did John Brown do in Pottawatomie Creek?

A

Butchered five proslaveryites. It led to a civil war in Kansas.

178
Q

Who was mostly in Kansas? Free-soilers or proslaveryites?

A

Free-soilers.

179
Q

What did the Lecompton Constitution say?

A

People were not allowed to vote for or against the constitution as a whole, but it either with or without slavery.

180
Q

Who succeeded Pierce? Was he influenced by the North or South?

A

Buchanan. South.

181
Q

What did Buchanan do by antagonizing the Dems in the North?

A

Divided the Dem party and the break of the dem party led to the break of the Union.

182
Q

Sumner vs. Brooks?

A

Sumner spoke bad about the South so Brooks beat Sumner with a cane.

183
Q

Candidates of Election of 1856?

A

Dem: Buchanan
Rep: Fremont

184
Q

Who won the election of 1856?

A

Buchanan

185
Q

What was “injected” into the election?

A

Antiforeignism

186
Q

What was the Dred Scott case about?

A

A black slave in Illinois wanted to get freedom because he was in Illinois. Result? No freedom because slaves are property and owners can take them anywhere. Led to a HUGE chaos.

187
Q

Panic of 1857 causes?

A
  1. ) Cold inflated currency
  2. ) Crimean War overstimulated growth of grain
  3. ) Railroads
188
Q

Panic of 1857 financial distresses?

A
  1. ) People wanted free farms of 160 acres from public domain. Southerners and eastern industrialists were opposed to it.
  2. ) Higher tariff rates.
  3. ) protection for the unprotected
189
Q

Lincoln vs. Douglass

A

debate for senate seat

190
Q

Freeport Doctrine

A

Douglass: No matter how the Supreme Court would rule, if the people want to vote slavery down, slavery will be voted down.

191
Q

What did John Brown attempt to do?

A

He tried to secretly go to the South and rile up the slaves against theirs owners, but they failed. He was eventually charged and executed for murder and abolitionists were shocked and outraged by his execution.

192
Q

Why was the Election of 1860 so important?

A

It decided the fate of the Union: peace or civil war

193
Q

Democratic National Convention

A

Dems met to discuss their grievances against Douglass. Platform later came for popular sovereignty and support for Fugitive Slave Law.

194
Q

Constitutional Union Party

A

“middle of the road”

John Bell of TN

195
Q

Candidate for the Republican party, election of 1860:

A

Abraham Lincoln

196
Q

Appeals of the Rep party, election of 1860:

A
  1. ) free-soilers: nonextention of slavery
  2. ) manufacturers: protective tariff
  3. ) immigrants: no abridgement rights
  4. ) northwest: pacific railroad
  5. ) West: internal improvements
  6. ) farmers: free homesteads from the public domain
197
Q

Homestead Act (not passed)

A

public lands available at a nominal sum of 25 cents an acre

198
Q

Which southern state first seceded from the union?

A

South Carolina

199
Q

How many states seceded?

A

eleven

200
Q

What did the Crittenden amendments propose?

A

Slavery allowed in the territories below 36,30.

201
Q

President of the Confederacy?

A

Davis

202
Q

Presidents starting 1841:

A

Tyler Polked The Fuck and Pierced the Bitch with Love

Tyler, Polk, Taylor, Fillmore, Pierce, Buchanan, Lincoln

203
Q

What did Lincoln have to say about the secession?

A

“It geographically isn’t even possible.”

204
Q

What problems did the the secession create?

A

What debt would South take?
What section will the south take?
What happens to the fugitive stuff?

205
Q

How would Europe feel if the US broke?

A

Delighted!

206
Q

What would happen if Lincoln sent reinforcements?

A

SC would fight back for they would not tolerate a federal fort blocking the mouth of their most important Atlantic seaport.

207
Q

What happened at Fort Sumter? Result?

A

Carolina opened fire at the Northerners and “the garrison surrendered”.
Result: North pissed off and the blockade of the Southern seaports. More states withdrew.

208
Q

Crucial Border States?

A

Missouri (MO), KY, Maryland (MD), West Virginia (WV), and Delaware

209
Q

Why were the Border states imp?

A

If they seceded, South would win. They could double the manufacturing capacity of the south and increase by nearly half its supply of horses and mules.

210
Q

Most imp state out of the border ones?

A

Surprise surprise! KY!

211
Q

What did Lincoln do with MD?

A

Sent in troops for it threatened to cut off Washington from the North.

212
Q

What did Lincoln do with MO and WV?

A

Fights!

213
Q

What did Lincoln say the war was about?

A

To save the Union!

214
Q

Strengths of the South?

A
  • Fight behind defensive lines
  • Amazing leaders
  • Bred to fight
215
Q

Weaknesses of the South?

A
  • Scarcity of factories
  • Supply problems
  • Breakdown of the transportation system
  • Economy
216
Q

Strengths of the North?

A
  • South’s lack of economy
  • sprawling factories
  • Amazing navies
  • Manpower = big population
  • Discipline
217
Q

Weaknesses of the North?

A
  • Less prepared for war

- Horrible commanders

218
Q

What was the South relying on?

A

Help from Europe, which they didn’t receive.

219
Q

What was the first major crisis with Britain about?

A

“Trent Affair” - US ship stopped the British Ship, “Trent” and removed two confederates bound for Europe. Not wanting another war, Lincoln eventually released them.

220
Q

What was the “Alabama” Crisis about?

A

British made weapons/ships and US found out which created probs b/c they were to be used against the North.

221
Q

What was the Laird rams problem about?

A

They made ships against the North and were warned against releasing the rams.

222
Q

What was the problem with the Confederacy’s constitution?

A

It couldn’t logically deny future secession to its constituent states.

223
Q

What was the problem with Davis?

A 
Davis = central government
States = states government
224
Q

What were the pros of the Northern government?

A
  1. ) Long established government
  2. ) Financially stable
  3. ) Fully recognized at home and abroad
225
Q

What actions did Lincoln take in the absence of Congress?

A
  1. ) Proclaimed blockade
  2. ) Increased size of the federal army
  3. ) Directed the Treasury secretary to advance $2 million
  4. ) Suspended privilege of habeas corpus
226
Q

Most soldiers in the North were:

A

Volunteers

227
Q

What happened when the number of volunteers slackened?

A

Confess passed a federal conscription law for the first time on a nationwide scale in the US which called for draftees.

228
Q

What was unfair about the draftees law?

A

Rich men could buy their way out and send substitutes.

229
Q

How did the Northern government deal with the economic stresses of the war?

A
  1. ) Excise taxes of tobacco and alcohol were increased substantially.
  2. ) Custom receipts
  3. ) The Washington Treasury issued greenbacked paper money.
  4. ) National Banking System was authorized by Congress to establish a standard bank-note currency.
230
Q

What was the Morrill Tariff Act?

A

It increased the existing duties some 5-10%.

231
Q

A protective tariff was identified with which political party?

A

The Republican party.

232
Q

What is true about the greenbacked paper money?

A

The money was inadequately supported by gold and its value was dependent on the nation’s credit.

233
Q

Why did the Southern economy struggle so badly?

A

Customs duties were choked off as the coils of the Union blockade tightened. The South attempted to increase taxes sharply, but states’ righters vehemently opposed so they struggled more.

234
Q

What did the North’s economic boom consist of?

A
  1. ) New factories
  2. ) Millionaire class
  3. ) Newly invented laborsaving machinery which enabled the North to expand economically.
  4. ) Sewing machines
  5. ) Petroleum gushers
235
Q

Homestead Act of 1862

A

Free gold nuggets and free land

236
Q

What role did the women play in the Civil War?

A

They not only fought as men on the battlefields, but they also worked in factories and helped heal the soldiers injured during the war.

237
Q

Comp of 1850

A
  1. ) banned slave trade
  2. ) Cali = free
  3. ) Texas land -> NM
  4. ) Fugitive Slave Act
  5. ) Pop Sovereignty
238
Q

Significance of the “Bull Run”?

A

The South won here and relaxed because they thought they won the war while the North started preparing itself.

239
Q

What was Lincoln’s plan for the “Bull Run”?

A

Attack the small Confederate force, win. If they win, it would show North’s superiority.

240
Q

McClellan?

A

Commander of the Army of the Potomac. “Slow”. Thought the Confederate Army was larger than his. Total war!

241
Q

Peninsula Campaign

A

McClellan approached Richmond and was defeated by the S. army.

242
Q

Northern military plan:

A
  1. suffocate the south by blockades
  2. liberate slaves
  3. cut confederacy in half
  4. Send troops through GA and NC & SC
  5. capture Richmond
  6. engage the enemy’s main strength and make it submit
243
Q

What was the deal about the blockade?

A
  1. it gradually increased
  2. it initially had profits for the southerners
  3. Northern navy enforced the blockade with high-handed practices i.e. “ultimate destination” doctrine
244
Q

What was the ultimate destination?

A

voyagers on the ships were destined to go to the confederacy

245
Q

Which ship did the Confederacy use to fight the “Monitor”?

A

Merrimack/Virginia

246
Q

Why was Antietam was a pivotal point?

A

McClellan’s victory at Antietam, MD allowed Lincoln to pass the Emancipation Proclamation.

247
Q

Who were not affected by the Emancipation Proclamation?

A

Border States and the specific conquered area in the South. About 800,000 people.

248
Q

The ironic nature of the E. Proclamation?

A

Border States - could free the slaves, but didn’t.

Confederacy - could not free the slaves, but did.

249
Q

What did the blacks do once they learn about the Emancipation Proclamation?

A

They went to Northern camps and told the soldiers to help them. It boosted North’s morale.

250
Q

Significance of the E. Proclamation?

A
  1. ) Ultimate doom of slavery
  2. ) 13th Amendment
  3. ) Removed any chances of negotiation
251
Q

Who made up 10 percent of the Northern army?

A

Blacks

252
Q

How did they fight bondage?

A
  1. Blacks were enlisted in the N army
  2. Slaves resisted by slowing down, having strikes and helped Northern prisoners of war.
  3. They ran away from the plantations
253
Q

Who replaced McClellan in the Battle of Gettysburg

A

Burnside, who was also a failure.

254
Q

What changed the fate of the Battle of Gettysburg?

A

Jackson was killed and Meade won against Pickett. This broke the Confederate cause.

255
Q

Who was the ablest officer of the Northern army?

A

Ulysses S. Grant from the West.

256
Q

What were some noteworthy accomplishments of Grant?

A
  1. He captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in Tennessee; “unconditional surrender”
  2. Battle at Shiloh
257
Q

Why was the “unconditional surrender” matter so important?

A

It sent KY to the Union and opened the gateway to Tennessee (the important region) and to Georgia.

258
Q

Battle of Vicksburg

A

Grant captured Vicksburg which broke the Confederacy because it was the South’s backbone.

259
Q

Significance of the Battle of Vicksburg?

A

Reopened the Mississippi and foreign intervention was no longer possible.

260
Q

What did Sherman do?

A

He DESTROYED GA and SC.

261
Q

Radical Republicans:

A

Pressed Lincoln on emancipation - Chase

262
Q

Most dangerous to the Union?

“Taint” of association with the seceders.

A

Northern Democrats

263
Q

Why did the Democrats divide?

A

No leader.

264
Q

War Dems:

A

Supported Lincoln

265
Q

Copperhead Dems:

A

Obstructed the War

266
Q

Vallandigham

A

Copperhead
demanded an end to the war
Was banished to the South

267
Q

The Man Without A Country

A

Philip Nolan

Stimulated devotion to the Union

268
Q

Who did the Republican Party merge with?

A

War Dems

269
Q

What was the Rep-War Dem party known as?

A

Union Party

270
Q

Who was Lincoln’s “running mate”?

A

Johnson

271
Q

Who was the nominee for the Dem party?

A

McClellan

272
Q

Who won? Why?

A

Lincoln, because of Sherman.

AP US History (9 decks)

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