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PS101 > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

counsciousness

A

awareness of self and surroundings

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2
Q

altered state

A

consciousness is affected, there is some awareness AKA not unconsciousness

i.e. dreaming, psychoactive drugs

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3
Q

states of consciousness

A

level of awareness of state and surroundings

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4
Q

contents of consciousness

A

thoughts about state and surroundings

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5
Q

conscious awareness

A

being consciously aware of what’s reached our attention

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6
Q

inattentional blindness

A

unable to perceive what we are not focusing on

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7
Q

intralaminar nuclei and midline nuclei

A

part of the thalamus, which influences attention

bilateral damage = coma
unilateral damage = loss of 1/2 the body’s awareness

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8
Q

rouge test

A

putting a spot on the forehead to see if an organism identifies itself

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9
Q

preconscious

A

information that isn’t always available, but is called upon when needed

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10
Q

unconscious

A

often harmful information that is not easily/ever accessible

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11
Q

automatic behaviours

A

repetitive behaviours in the preconscious i.e. brushing hair, driving

can become more aware if in a hurry/with intent

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12
Q

explicit memory

A

knowledge we are aware of

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13
Q

implicit memory

A

stored knowledge we can’t always rely on, “common knowledge” not reflected in decision making i.e. knowing not to touch hot stove

i.e. automatic skills

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14
Q

unconscious decision-making

A

decisions can be made without evaluating situation, know unconsciously what behaviour to conduct i.e. not yelling in class

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15
Q

unconsciousness: freud

A

the unconsciousness makes up most of our selves, holds immoral desires and motives

mental health issues stem from repressed desires

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16
Q

2 theories of sleep

A

adaptive theory: sleeping keeps us away from predators, less active for survival

restorative theory: sleep restores brain and body

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17
Q

circadian rhythm

A

24 hour sleep/wake schedule

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18
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

part of the hypothalamus

controls circadian rhythm

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19
Q

sleep cycle

A

90-100 minutes with 4 stages + REM

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20
Q

stage 1

A

transition into sleep –> 5 mins
alpha to theta waves
HR and bpm down

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21
Q

myoclonic jerk

A

body suddenly starts

occurs during stage 1

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22
Q

hypnagogic state

A

hallucinations

occurs during stage 1

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23
Q

stage 2

A

harder to wake 15-20 mins

sleep spindles occur: sudden brave waves

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24
Q

stage 3

A

deeper sleep 5-15 mins

theta and delta waves

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25
stage 4
deepest sleep 20-30 minutes waking during this time can cause grogginess mostly delta waves
26
sleepwalking and bed wetting
mainly occur in children occur during stage 4, deepest sleep
27
REM sleep
lighter than stage 4, when most dreams occur rapid and irregular brain waves HR and breathing up activity in occipital and prefrontal lobes aka vision and planning
28
info processing theory
sleep helps us process the experiences of the day allows us to problem solve without consequences
29
activation-synthesis model
the brain creates dreams as a result of random neural activity sensory cortex is activated during sleep
30
freudian dream theory
dreams represent repressed desires
31
sleep and age
need less sleep as we age, this contradicts restoration theory because seniors need more repair
32
sleep deprivation
extended lack of sleep, or lack of quality sleep
33
insomnia
most common sleep disorder inability to sleep or early waking
34
sleep apnea
snoring and sudden stopping of breathing can result in cardiac arrest
35
narcolepsy
hereditary, no cure sudden falling into REM sleep, up to 15 mins
36
sleepwalking
common in children, during deep sleep may be inherited
37
night terrors
screaming during night, not remembered common in children, resolved by adolescence
38
nightmare disorder
common in stressed children
39
hypnosis
state of increased suggestibility, focus, and relaxation
40
posthypnotic response
implementing idea through hypnosis that persists once trance is broken
41
posthypnotic amnesia
forgetting acts that occurred during hypnosis once out of trance
42
hypnotic hallucinations
seeing things that aren't there, or not seeing something during hypnosis
43
anterior cingulate complex
decreased activity during hypnosis, results in decreased sensation of pain
44
social cognitive process
during hypnosis, participant is motivated to believe in the process
45
divided consciousness theory
awareness splits into one half that responds to suggestion, and other half that doesn't consciously perceive pain
46
meditation
turning consciousness inwards rather than outwards
47
mindfulness
being accepting of current situation, in all positive or negative aspects
48
concentrative meditation
actively concentrating on idea, word (matra) or koan (unsolvable riddle)
49
opening-up approach
clearing the mind to receive new experiences
50
addiction
physical or psychological compulsion to take drug as a result of the physical response that comes w repetitively taking drugs
51
morphine and heroin
depressant opioid activates release of opioid neurotransmitters, reduces pain and produces pleasure
52
LSD
hallucinogen increases dopamine and serotonin, strengthens visual perception
53
ecstasy/MDMA
hallucinogen increases serotonin, increases feelings of empathy, affection, energy
54
cocaine
stimulant blocks reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin increases energy and happiness
55
alcohol
depressant affects GABA neurons affects prefrontal lobe first, planning and morals
56
xanax and valium
depressant sedative-hypnotic affects GABA neurons, increases relaxation and reduces anxiety
57
caffeine
stimulant affects adenosine neurons increases alertness
58
cannabis/THC
hallucinogen can have varying affects (all 3 categories) releases endorphins and dopamine
59
nicotine
stimulant increases dopamine and acetylcholine neurons, serotonin increases alertness
60
amphetamine
stimulant increases dopamine and norepinephrine increases happiness and energy, decreases appetite
61
stimulants
increase body processes by affecting CNS
62
hallucinogens
produce sensory or perceptual distortions
63
depressants
suppress body processes thru CNS
64
reward learning pathway
activated by psychoactive drugs, also called pleasure pathway allows brain to associate pleasure w stimuli
65
reward-deficiency syndrome
inability to feel pleasure from inadequately active neurotransmitters can lead to drug abuse

PS101 (11 decks)

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