Unit 6

Question 1

Purine bases

Answer 1

Adenine and Guanine

Question 2

pyrimidine bases

Answer 2

cytosine and thymine

Question 3

______ is the entire genetic content (DNA) of a cell.

Answer 3

Genome

Question 4

______ is one molecule of DNA

Answer 4

Chromosome

Question 5

______ are made of DNA and Protein

Answer 5

Chromatin

Question 6

“short” section of DNA, instructions for 1 molecule.

Answer 6

Gene

Question 7

parent molecule strands separate into templates, form into new strands complimentary to template strands. This process is called what?

Answer 7

semiconservative replication

Question 8

site where DNA replication starts

Answer 8

Origin of replication

Question 9

Area where parental strands have been separated

Answer 9

Replication bubble

Question 10

y-shape where strands are being separated.

Answer 10

Replication fork

Question 11

unwinds helix and separates the two strands of DNA.

Answer 11

Helicase

Question 12

breaks, swivels, rejoins double helix ahead of replication fork.

Answer 12

Topoisomerase

Question 13

adds short RNA sequence to start new strands

Answer 13

primase

Question 14

replaces RNA primer with DNA nucleotides.

Answer 14

DNA Polymerase I

Question 15

adds nucleotides to 3’ end of strand. Work horse that builds most of new strand.

Answer 15

DNA Polymerase III

Question 16

connects strand fragments.

Answer 16

Ligase

Question 17

strand that is synthesized in the direction of the replication fork.

Answer 17

Leading strand

Question 18

strand that is replicated away from the replication fork

Answer 18

Lagging strand

Question 19

DNA fragment that is synthesized in short stretches on the lagging strand

Answer 19

Okazaki fragment

Question 20

member of a family of enzymes that catalyzes the addition of new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand

Answer 20

DNA Polymerase

Question 21

________ is where DNA template used to generate complementary RNA strand.

Answer 21

Transcription

Question 22

Transcription stage:
RNA polymerase attaches to DNA template.

Answer 22

Initiation

Question 23

Transcription stage:
RNA polymerase builds RNA strand.

Answer 23

Elongation

Question 24

Transcription stage:
RNA polymerase stops and detaches.

Answer 24

Termination

Question 25

proteins that help regulate transcription

Answer 25

Transcription factor

Question 26

_________ “read” mRNA to build polypeptide.

Answer 26

Ribosomes

Question 27

nucleotide triplet for specific amino acid.

Answer 27

Codon