Unit 9

Question 1

individual has the same alleles for a gene

Answer 1

homozygous

Question 2

individual has different alleles for a gene

Answer 2

heterozygous

Question 3

_____ describes which alleles are present

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

_______ describes how genotype is expressed. observable traits

Answer 4

phenotype

Question 5

________ describes alternate version of a gene

Answer 5

Allele

Question 6

location of a specific gene

Answer 6

locus

Question 7

Heterozygous phenotype is a blend.

Answer 7

Incomplete dominance

Question 8

___________ allele that is expressed in a heterozygote.

Answer 8

Dominate

Question 9

_________ allele that is not expressed in a heterozygote.

Answer 9

recessive

Question 10

_____________ is when both parents heterozygous for one gene

Answer 10

Monohybrid cross

Question 11

____________ is when both parents heterozygous for two genes.

Answer 11

dihybrid cross

Question 12

heterozygote phenotype shows both traits, often appears patchy.

Answer 12

Codominance

Question 13

heterozygote phenotype is a blend.

Answer 13

incomplete dominance

Question 14

trait determined by one gene.

Answer 14

monogenic

Question 15

trait determined by more than 1 gene.

Answer 15

polygenic

Question 16

one gene affects many traits.

Answer 16

pleiotropy

Question 17

One gene normally controls a trait, but a different gene turns it on/off.

Answer 17

epistasis

Question 18

gene occurs on sex chromosome (usually X or Z).

Answer 18

sex-linked gene

Question 19

only one copy of gene (missing on Y or W).

Answer 19

hemizygous

Question 19

only one copy of gene (missing on Y or W).

Answer 19

hemizygous

Question 20

most common phenotype in natural population.

Answer 20

wild type

Question 21

change in allele frequency of population.

Answer 21

microevolution

Question 22

all alleles in a population

Answer 22

gene pool

Question 23

mates preferentially selected based on specific phenotypes.

Answer 23

non-random mating

Question 24

one sex chooses mate, often based on extreme phenotype.

Answer 24

sexual selection

Question 25

individuals of same sex directly compete for access to mates

Answer 25

intrasexual selection

Question 26

one sex chooses among potential mates.

Answer 26

intersexual selection

Question 27

differences in size, color, ornamentation, and/or behavior between sexes.

Answer 27

sexual dimorphism

Question 28

chance events cause changes in allele frequencies.

Answer 28

genetic drift

Question 29

sudden environmental change that reduces population.

Answer 29

bottle-neck effect

Question 30

small group establishes new population

Answer 30

founder effect

Question 31

migration of individuals (or their gametes) among populations

Answer 31

gene flow