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BIOL2401 > UNIT 6 > Flashcards

UNIT 6 Flashcards

1
Q

In 1970 China government instituted a _____ policy. In 1979- _____ policy
Ended in 2015
Drastically ____ the growth rate

A

2 child
1 child
Decreasing

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2
Q

What country has highest population ?

A

China

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3
Q

list 3 problems with cornucopian argument regarding population growth not being a problem

A

Ethical - increasing our carrying capacity can harm other species
Economical - increasing population is correlated to poorer populations
Technical - can not reinvent every resources when they run out

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4
Q

Why are exploding populations a concern ?

A

Cause a lot of environmental damage; climate change

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5
Q

The IPAT model:
I-
P-
A-
T-
S-

A

I- impact on environment
P-population - need space/resources
A-affluence- greater per capital resource use
T- technology- increase exploitation (resources)
S-sensitivity- how sensitive an area is to human pressure

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6
Q

Status quo leads to -
- sudden food/population _____
-Pollution ____

A

Decrease increase

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7
Q

Sustainability leads to :
- food/population _____
-pollution ____

A

Stabilize
Decrease

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8
Q

_________- the application of population ecology principles to the study of statistical change in human populations

A

Demography

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9
Q

What are the 4 major periods of societal change that fundamentally altered the unman relationship with the environment ?

A

Palaeolithic
Neolithic
Industrial revolution
Modern medical technology revolution

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10
Q

major period of societal change fundamentally altered the human relationship with the environment
_____: fire , stone , tools, growth rate =0

A

Paleolithic

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11
Q

major period of societal change fundamentally altered the human relationship with the environment:
_______- agriculture , made cities, trades, science, armies, and other aspects of modern culture possible

A

Neolithic

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12
Q

major period of societal change fundamentally altered the human relationship with the environment
_________- a shift from rural life, animal powered agriculture and manufacturing by craftsman, to an urban society powered by fossil fuels

A

Industrial revolution

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13
Q

major period of societal change fundamentally altered the human relationship with the environment:
_____- people live longer and healthier lives, green revolution

A

Modern medical technological revolution

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14
Q

______ is the study of human population

A

Demography

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15
Q

3 things demographers study

A

Density
distribution
population size

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16
Q

_____= number of people per unit of area

A

Population density

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17
Q

What climates have highest population density ?

A

Temperate, subtropical, Tropical

18
Q

Having many individual sion young age groups results in :
- _____ reproduction
-________ population growth

A

High
Rapid

19
Q

What would you expect if there are many individuals in young age groups?

A

High growth rate
Increased reproduction
Strain on resources

20
Q

Naturally occurring sex ratios for mans slightly favour ____

A

Males

21
Q

Whether a population grows, shrinks, or remains
stable depends on:

A

Rate of birth/death
Immigration
Emigration

22
Q

_________= number of births per 1000 individuals

A

Crude birth rate

23
Q

_______= number of deaths per 1000 individuals

A

Crude death rate

24
Q

_____ might be used as a measure of how “healthy” a population is

A

Crude death rate

25
Q

_______ = average number of children born per female member of a population during her lifetime
Influences population growth

A

Total fertility rate (TFR)

26
Q

_______= The TFR (total fertility rate) that keeps the size of a population stable

A

Replacement fertility

27
Q

Name 3 factors that reduce TFR (total fertility rate)

A

Urbanization
Social security
Empowerment & contraception

28
Q

How does urbanization reduce TFR ?

A

children are not needed to work land but go to school = costs more

29
Q

How does social security reduce TFR ?

A

Elderly parents need Fewer kids to support them

30
Q

How does greater education of women reduce TFR ?

A

Women are pursuing studies for an extended amount of time, delaying getting married, less emphasis on bearing children

31
Q

How does empowerment and access to modern contraception reduce TFR ?

A

Women are able to control when they want to reproduce if they want to. Fewer unwanted pregnancies

32
Q

Poorer societies have ____ growth rates than wealthier societies

A

Higher

33
Q

About ______ living on less than $1.25/day

A

1 billion

34
Q

The richest 20% use ____ % of the worlds resources

A

90%

35
Q

__________goals = by 2015 achieve goals for sustainable development

A

Millennium development

36
Q

Name 3 ways the population will stop rising

A

Disease
Social conflict
Governmental intervention
Demographic transitions

37
Q

What has accounted for the majority of the world’s
population growth in recent years?
a) Women are having more babies
b) Death rates have dropped due to technology,
medicine, and food
c) More women are using contraceptives
d) Nothing, the population has dropped in recent years

A

D

38
Q

A developing country has the population growth rate 2% per year (almost twice the global average). If the growth rate was sustained, how long would it take to get from today’s 10 mln to: 20 mln and 40 mln, respectively: Hint: P (n) = (1+g)n *P(0)
A) 50yrs and 150 yr
B) 50 yrs and 100yrs
C) 35 yrs and 105 yrs
D) 35 yrs and 70 yrs

A
39
Q

Order TFR from the highest to the lowest (current unless indicated otherwise):
a) Egypt > Canada > Canada (17th century) > China
b) Egypt > Canada > China > Canada (17th century)
c) Egypt > Canada (17th century) > Canada > China
d) Canada (17th century) > Egypt > Canada > China

A

B

40
Q

Areas that lack significant numbers of people, and have a Low population density are…
a) No longer available
b) Best able to support higher densities of people
c) Sensitive areas least able to support high densities
of people
d) Located around tropical and grassland areas

A

C

41
Q

Describe the relationship between growth rates and
population size.
a) Falling growth rates automatically mean a
smaller population
b) Falling growth rates automatically mean a larger
population
c) Falling growth rates means we no longer have a
population problem
d) Falling growth rates does not mean a smaller
population, but that rates of increase are slowing

A

D

BIOL2401 (6 decks)

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