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BIOL2401 > UNIT 2 > Flashcards

UNIT 2 Flashcards

1
Q

List the scientific method

A

Observations
Questions
Hypothesis
Predictions
Procedure
Results

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2
Q

A ____ is a well tested and widely accepted explanation

A

Theory

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3
Q

______ yield the strongest evidence
- can show causation
- not always possible to use

A

Manipulative experiments

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4
Q

______ show real-world complexity
- cannot show causation

A

Natural experiments

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5
Q

___ is a fundamental type of matter, with a given set of properties

A

Element

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6
Q

_____ - the smallest components that maintain an elements chemical properties

A

Atoms

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7
Q

Decide an entire lake and add nutrients to one part . Adding nutrients is a manipulative experiment but by using the entire lake we avoid most of the limitations of manipulative experiments so the results are very convincing is an example of what experiment

A

Large scale

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8
Q

Atoms = ___ + ___

A

Nucleus + electrons

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9
Q

_____= protons + neutrons

A

Nucleus

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10
Q

______= negatively charged particles surrounding the nucleus

A

Electrons

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11
Q

In a neutral state of atom: # of ____ = # of _____

A

Electrons = protons

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12
Q

__________= # of protons in the atoms nucleus

A

Atomic number

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13
Q

________= # of protons + # of neutrons

A

Atomic mass

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14
Q

___ isotopes= radioactive: breakdown over time, nucleus breaks apart or emits some particles and becomes something else

A

Unstable

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15
Q

_____ isotopes: do not breakdown over time but are redistributes by physical or biological processes, that prefer or discriminate against one isotope over another

A

Stable

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16
Q

Preferring or discriminating one isotope over another is the effect of changing _______

A

Isotopic ratio

17
Q

Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes for ____
Carbon, nitrogen isotopes in _____

A

Climate
Biological processing

18
Q

Water molecule H2(18)0 is 10% ______ than the most common H2(16)0 -> therefore harder to evaporate

A

Heavier

19
Q

______: capacity to change the position, physical composition or temperature of matter- a force that can accomplish work

A

Energy

20
Q

_______= energy of position

A

Potential energy

21
Q

______= energy of motion

A

Kinetic energy

22
Q

The sun releases radiation form the ________
- some is visible light
-Most energy is reflected or absorbed

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

23
Q

_____ energy drives weather and climate and powers plant growth

A

Solar

24
Q

_____: produces their own food from external (non-organic) sources of energy

A

Autotrophs

25
Q

________ use the energy of the sun to produce their own food

A

Photoautotrophs

26
Q

______= turning light energy from the sun into chemical energy

A

Photosynthesis

27
Q

Photosyntheses equation:
_____+ _____ +_______ —-> ______ +_______

A

6co2 +6h2o + suns energy —-> c6h12o6 + 6o2

28
Q

_______= type of autotroph to use chemosynthesis

A

Chemoautotroph

29
Q

________ = produce sugars using energy released from chemicals

A

Chemosynthesis

30
Q

Name the 2 autotrophs

A

Chemoautotrophs
Photoautotrophs

31
Q

What is chemosynthesis equation ?

A

6co2 + 6h2o + 3h2s ——> c6h12o6 + 3h2so4

32
Q

Where is chemosynthesis important ?

A

Places without sunlight

33
Q

What is the Respiration equation ?

A

C6h12o6 + 6o2 ——> 6co2 + 6h20 + energy

34
Q

_______: animals, fungi, and microbes (reverse the photosynthesis mechanism)
- use energy from breakdown of organic compounds

A

Heterotrophs

35
Q

Which of the following parts of an atom has a
negative charge?
a) Proton
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Hydrogen

A

C

36
Q

O-18 isotope has atom number=8 and atom
mass=18.
In its neutral (non-ionized) form it would
have
a) 8 Protons and 8 Electrons
b) 8 Protons and 2 Electrons
c) 8 neutrons
d) 10 neutrons
e) A and C
f) A and D

A

A

37
Q

Which of the following organisms is an autotroph?
a) Deep-sea worm
b) Horse
c) Pine tree
d) None of these

A

C

38
Q

Difference between heterotroph and autotroph

A

Autotroph - get energy from external source
Heterotroph- get energy from feeding

39
Q

Which statement is NOT true about trophic levels?
a) Plants are autotrophs and occupy the first trophic
level
b) Detritivores consume waste products or dead
bodies
c) Biomass and energy increase going up the food
chain
d) There are fewer predator species than prey species in an area

A

A

BIOL2401 (6 decks)

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