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Understanding the Self > Unit 5: The Self From Eastern and Western Perspectives > Flashcards

Unit 5: The Self From Eastern and Western Perspectives Flashcards

1
Q

The 4 main principles of Eastern Philosophy

A
  • cosmological unity
  • life is a journey towards eternal realities
  • circular view of universe
  • behavioral ethics
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2
Q

The 4 main principles of Western Philisophy

A
  • feeling of oneself as an element of the divine
  • life is a service
  • linear view of universe
  • self-dedication to the goal
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3
Q

The “Me” concept of Eastern Philosophy

A

Discovering the true me; your purpose in the world

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4
Q

The “Me” concept of Western Philosophy

A

The true me in every human being needs to become apparent

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5
Q

Eastern Philosophy’s search for absolute truth

A
  • Achieving one’s part and purpose in society
  • Searching inside yourself
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6
Q

Western Philosophy’s search for absolute truth

A
  • Seeking the reason of everything not only one oneself
  • Searching outside of yourself
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7
Q

Eastern Philosophy’s search for truth and fundamental research

A
  • Truth is given but not proven
  • Philosophical base and culture weaker
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8
Q

Western Philosophy’s search for truth and fundamental research

A
  • Truth needs to be proven
  • Philosophical base and culture stronger
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9
Q

Eastern Philosophy’s view on individualism and collectivism

A

Collectivism dominant

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10
Q

Western Philosophy’s view on individualism and collectivism

A

Individualism dominant

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11
Q

Eastern Philosophy’s goals and key to success

A

Spiritual

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12
Q

Western Philosophy’s goals and key to success

A

Materialistic

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13
Q

Western Philosophy’s 4 concepts of self

A
  • analytical
  • monotheistic
  • individualistic
  • materialistic/rationalistic
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14
Q

The inclination to see actuality as an aggregate of parts

A

Analytical
(Epistemology)

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15
Q

Study of the nature and origin of knowledge

A

Epistemology

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16
Q

The 2 branches of epistemology

A
  • Rationalism
  • Empiricism
17
Q

The tendency towards unitary explanations of phenomena and a closed system view of self

A

Monotheistic
(Christian Philosophy)

18
Q

A quality where self-expression and self-actualization are essential ways of establishing who one is, as well as discovering satisfaction in the world

A

Individualistic
(Western Nihilism)

19
Q

A belief that challenges religious doctrines and traditions and views life as having no purpose; the goal is to become an Ubermensch by living according to one’s purpose and not at the expectations of society

A

Western Nihilism

20
Q

A quality that discredits explanations that do not use analytic-deductive modes of thinking

A

Materialistic
(Stoicism)

21
Q

A belief that gives importance to freedom from passion

A

Stoicism

22
Q

Eastern Philosophy’s 3 concepts of self

A
  • Confucianism
  • Taoism
  • Buddhism
23
Q

A religion that teaches the importance of identifying oneself to the community; Self Cultivation is the purpose of life

A

Confucianism

24
Q

The 6 fundamental principles of Confucianism

A
  • Li (self-restraint)
  • Hsiao (love for family and society)
  • Yi (righteousness)
  • Xin (honesty)
  • Jen (kind and humane)
  • Chung (loyalty)
25
Q

A religion that teaches the importance of reaching Nirvana or removal of Dukkha (suffering)

A

Buddhism

26
Q

The 4 noble truths of Buddhism

A
  • all beings are subject to Dukkha
  • Dukkha arises from desirs and craving
  • Dukkha can be overcome by elimination of desire and craving
  • the Noble Eightfold Path is the way out of Dukkha
27
Q

A religion that upholds that humans and animals should live in balance with the universe

A

Taoism

28
Q

The 3 jewels of Taoism

A
  • Compassion
  • Moderation
  • Humility
29
Q

The principle that all things exist as inseparable and contradictory opposites

A

Yin & Yang

Understanding the Self (8 decks)

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